No Abstract Available.
Arthroplasty* ; Knee Joint* ; Knee*

VURD syndrome is a disorder characterized by a posterior urethral valve, unilateral reflux, and ipsilateral renal dysplasia. This syndrome is not uncommon, with an incidence in the range of 15 to 20% in patients with posterior urethral valve. Etiology is not clear, but there are a few reports that renal dysplasia is either a result of hydrostatic pressure transmitted to the developing kidney or a common teratogenic factor resulting in urethral obstruction, renal dysplasia, and vesicoureteral reflux. Infants with posterior urethral valves and persistent unilateral reflux after valve resection often have an associated nonfunctioning, dysplastic kidney. Misinterpretation of initial radiographic studies performed without coinciding bladder drainage results in a missed diagnosis of this syndrome and misguided surgical management. Functional assessment by a renal scan with bladder catheter drainage will avoid unnecessary staged or reconstructive procedures. Nephoureterectomy is recommended at about 1 year of age to improve voiding dynamics and to avoid infection. We experienced a case of VURD syndrome, first presenting bilateral hydronephrosis by ultrasonography during the prenatal period. Voiding cystourethrography revealed dilated posterior urethra and left vesicoureteral reflux, and DMSA scan showed a nonfunctioning left kidney.
Catheters ; Diagnosis ; Drainage ; Humans ; Hydronephrosis ; Hydrostatic Pressure ; Incidence ; Infant ; Kidney ; Succimer ; Ultrasonography ; Urethra ; Urethral Obstruction ; Urinary Bladder ; Vesico-Ureteral Reflux

PURPOSE: Metastatic carcinoma of the eye is a common sequela of widespread dissemination of malignancy. Metastasis to the iris is less frequent than that of the cilliary body and choroid. We report a case of iris metastasis in a patient with non-small cell lung cancer. METHODS: 57-Year-Old man was seen in the department of ophthalmology because of blurred vision in his right eye for seven days. The patient had a metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer in the brain. Trabeculectomy and iridectomy were performed due to secondary glaucoma. RESULTS: The case was diagnosed as iris metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer by the clinical and histopathologic findings.
Brain ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung* ; Choroid ; Glaucoma ; Humans ; Iridectomy ; Iris* ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Metastasis* ; Ophthalmology ; Trabeculectomy

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to investigate differences between virus-associated necrotizing enterocolitis (V+NEC) and non-virus necrotizing enterocolitis (V-NEC). METHODS: We reviewed the medical records of 86 neonates with NEC who were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of Inje University Sanggye Paik hospital from July 1st, 1999 to June 30th, 2009. We divided patients into V+NEC group (n=22) and V-NEC group (n=64). We analyzed retrospectively the differences of predisposing factors, clinical characteristics, laboratory findings and radiological findings between two groups. RESULTS: The rate of vaginal delivery in V+NEC group was higher than V-NEC group (P=0.026). The rate of abdominal distension in V+NEC was lower than V-NEC group (P=0.019). There were no differences of predisposing factors, clinical characteristics, laboratory findings and radiological findings, disease severity, having an operation and mortality except above two factors between V+NEC group and V-NEC group. CONCLUSION: There were no differences of general characteristics, disease severity, operation rate and mortality between V+NEC group and V-NEC group.
Enterocolitis, Necrotizing ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Intensive Care, Neonatal ; Medical Records ; Retrospective Studies ; Viruses

PURPOSE: To assess the methods for the clinical evaluation of the longitudinal bone changes after implantation of tooth ash-plaster mixture into the defect area of human jaws. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Tooth ash-plaster mixtures were implanted into the defects of 8 human jaws. 48 intraoral radiograms taken with copper step wedge as reference at soon, 1st, 2nd, 4th, and 6th week after implantation of mixture were used. X-ray taking was standardized by using Rinn XCP device customized directly to the individual dentition with resin bite block. The images inputted by Quick scanner were digitized and analyzed by NIH image program. Cu-equivalent values were measured at the implanted sites from the periodic digital images. Analysis was performed by the bidirectional subtraction with color enhancement and the surface plot of resliced contiguous image. The obtained results by the two methods were compared with Cu-equivalent value changes. RESULTS: The average determination coefficient of Cu-equivalent equations was 0.9988 and the coefficient of variation of measured Cu values ranged from 0.08 ~ 0.10. The coefficient of variation of Cu-equivalent values measured at the areas of the mixture and the bone by the conversion equation ranged from 0.06 ~0.09. The analyzed results by the bidirectional subtraction with color enhancement were coincident with the changes of Cu-equivalent values. The surface plot of the resliced contiguous image showed the three dimensional view of the longitudinal bone changes on one image and also coincident with Cu-equivalent value changes after implantation. CONCLUSION: The bidirectional subtraction with color enhancement and the surface plot of the resliced contiguous image was very effective and reasonable to analyze clinically and qualitatively the longitudinal bone change. These methods are expected to be applicable to the non-destructive test in other fields.
Copper ; Dentition ; Humans ; Jaw ; Radiography* ; Tooth*

PURPOSE: MRI has been widely used in the evaluation of shoulder diseases in many athletic patients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of MRI in treatment of shoulder diseases in athletes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty-seven athletes were evaluated for shoulder diseases from March 1995 through July 1997. MRI was performed in thirty cases (53%). We analyzed the findings of MRI and checked if operation was determined by MRI findings. RESULTS: MRI findings revealed rotator cuff tear in 6 cases (20.0%), including one full thickness tear and five partial thickness tear. Among 57 cases, four cases (7.0%) were operated. Only in one case (3.3%) was open acromioplasty and rotator cuff repair in accordance with the finding of full thickness tear of rotator cuff on MRI decided upon. One case, which was initially treated conservatively, was treated by arthroscopic acromioplasty later. The two other cases were treated with arthroscopic acromioplasty and Bankart repair with capsular shift without MRI. CONCLUSIONS: MRI is not so useful for determining surgery in initial examination of shoulder diseases of athletes. MRI should be better reserved for cases with rotator cuff disease developed after trauma, cases without improvement by conservative measures or the unusual cases with difficulty in clinical diagnosis.
Athletes* ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Rotator Cuff ; Shoulder* ; Sports

Objectives: . Although unilateral hearing loss (UHL) has been proven to be associated with educational and behavioral problems, few studies have investigated psychopathological abnormalities in this population. The aim of this study was to evaluate the psychopathological influence of UHL among Korean 19-year-old males. Methods: . The authors retrospectively compared the objective personality test profiles of 602 subjects with UHL with those of 23,790 peers with normal hearing. All participants in the current study were 19-year-old males who underwent a physical examination and completed the Korean Military Multiphasic Personality Inventory for conscription at the Military Manpower Administration from February 2015 to December 2016. Results: . Significantly higher scores were found on neurosis scales in the UHL group than in the normal-hearing group (50.9± 10.8 vs. 44.9±6.0 for anxiety; 51.0±10.5 vs. 44.9±5.2 for depression; 51.1±10.4 vs. 45.1±6.81 for somatization, all P<0.001). The psychopathy scales were also significantly higher in the UHL group than in the normal-hearing group (49.3±9.4 vs. 46.3±5.7 for schizophrenia; 51.1±11.2 vs. 44.3±5.8 for personality disorders; 51.1±10.5 vs. 45.7±3.7 for paranoia, all P<0.001). Conclusion . Nineteen-year-old males with UHL tended to have more abnormal results on personality tests than controls with normal hearing, suggesting that UHL may be related with a higher risk of psychopathology.

We describe moderate hyperbilirubinemia in a 28-year-old man who suffered from gallstones and splenomegaly, with combined disorders of hereditary spherocytosis (HS) and Gilbert's syndrome (GS). Since it is difficult to diagnose HS in the absence of signs of anemia, we evaluated both the genetic mutation in the UGT1A1 gene and abnormalities in the erythrocyte membrane protein; the former was heterozygous for a UGT1A1 allele with three mutations and the latter was partially deficient in ankyrin expression. This is the first report of the concomitance of HS and GS with three heterozygous mutations [T-3279G, A (TA)7TAA, and G211A] in the UGT1A1 gene.
Adult ; Alleles ; Ankyrins/metabolism ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Gallstones/surgery ; Gilbert Disease/complications/*diagnosis/genetics ; Glucuronosyltransferase/chemistry/genetics/metabolism ; Heterozygote ; Humans ; Male ; Mutation ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Spherocytosis, Hereditary/complications/*diagnosis/genetics ; Splenomegaly/diagnosis

A 52-year-old man was referred to our clinic for an 11.3 mm nodule in the left lower lobe that was discovered on a chest computed tomography (CT) scan. Eleven small nodules were subsequently found in both lungs. Initially, we performed a transthoracic needle aspiration using CT scan guidance. The pathologic report showed a few clusters of atypical cells that were suspicious for malignancy. The positron emission tomography images revealed multiple lung nodules scattered throughout both lungs. The largest nodule (11.3 mm) in the left lower lobe did not have any discernible fludeoxyglucose uptake. For pathologic confirmation, we consulted a thoracic surgeon to perform the video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery. The final diagnosis was minute pulmonary meningothelial-like nodules (MPMNs). MPMNs are benign in nature, and only a few cases require treatment. However, when clinicians are suspicious of potential malignancy, a pathological correlation is essential, even if the final diagnosis is MPMNs.
Immunohistochemistry ; Lung ; Lung Neoplasms ; Needles ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Positron-Emission Tomography ; Thoracic Surgery, Video-Assisted ; Thorax

Scab disease caused by Venturia nashicola is of agroeconomic importance in cultivation of Asian pear. However, little is known about the degree of genetic diversity in the populations of this pathogen. In this study, we collected 55 isolates from pear scab lesions in 13 major cultivation areas in Korea and examined the diversity using sequences of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, β-tubulin (TUB2), and translation elongation factor-1α (TEF-1α) genes as molecular markers. Despite a low level of overall sequence variation, we found three distinctive subgroups from phylogenetic analysis of combined ITS, TUB2, and TEF-1α sequences. Among the three subgroups, subgroup 1 (60% of isolates collected) was predominant compared to subgroup 2 (23.6%) or subgroup 3 (16.4%) and was distributed throughout Korea. To understand the genetic diversity among the subgroups, RAPD analysis was performed. The isolates yielded highly diverse amplicon patterns and none of the defined subgroups within the dendrogram were supported by bootstrap values greater than 30%. Moreover, there is no significant correlation between the geographical distribution and the subgroups defined by molecular phylogeny. Our data suggest a low level of genetic diversification among the populations of V. nashicola in Korea.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Fungi ; Genetic Variation ; Humans ; Korea ; Phylogeny ; Pyrus