No abstract available.
Constipation*

One of hypothesis is that sleep loss related to a decrease in serotonergic activity plays a significant role in attempted suicide. A growing evidence suggests that central serotonergic activity plays a key role in the etiology of suicide. It has been reported that the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), the main metabolite of serotonin, were reduced in suicide attempters. In addition, there is evidence that tryptophan hydroxylase is associated with suicide. The association between sleep and suicide was also suggested by some researchers. Several recent studies have showed the association between sleep disturbance and suicide rates in patients with mental disorders and in a general population. In addition, it has been suggested that serotonin plays a role in maintaining arousal and regulating muscle tone and in regulating some of the phasic events of REM sleep. Especially, it is well-known that 5-HT2 receptors are related to slow wave sleep. In conclusion, it is clear that sleep, serotonin activity, and suicide are linked, although the direction of causation needs clarification. In future, large population-based cohort studies are needed to demonstrate the direction of causation in the relationships between sleep, serotonin activity, and suicide.
Arousal ; Cohort Studies ; Humans ; Mental Disorders ; Muscles ; Serotonin ; Sleep, REM ; Suicide ; Suicide, Attempted ; Tryptophan Hydroxylase

1. We have reported here a case of left marked hydronephrosis due to left aberrant renal vessel, which was treated by ablative procedure. 2. Aberrant renal vessel is a rare disease, but is a relatively common cause of uretero-pelvic obstruction with intrinsic ureteropelvic stenosis. Clinically it is important that this disease may he easily complicated with the conditions such as obstruction, hydronephrosis and infection, and also, the surgeon may inadvertently lacerate the structure with resultant profuse hemorrhage during the operation.
Constriction, Pathologic ; Hemorrhage ; Hydronephrosis* ; Rare Diseases

A clinical study was made on 85 cases' of urinary lithiasis among the number of 3795 out-patients, during 5 years and 8 months from January 1964 to August 1969, and 80 cases were analyzed by a chemical method. (70 cases were safely reserved stone, 10 cases were by litholapaxy.) The results were as following: 1. The incidence of urinary calculi was 2.2%, male to female ratio being approximately 3.7: l. 2 83 cases of urinary calculi were found in the Chonnam district and 2 cases were found in the Chonbuk district 3. The age of the patients ranged from 20~40 years in approximately 65.6%. 4 The location of the urinary calculi was in ureter in 47%, kidney (29.4%), bladder(14.2%) and urethra (9.4%). 5. The most favored predilection of ureteral stone was lower third of ureter in approximately 47% of all cases 6. In a number of urinary calculi in each location 83.5% (71 cases) was single. The most common sire, was below 0.5cm in its diameter, and weight, below 0.5Gm on 41 cases (51.25%). 7. The clinical symptoms of upper urinary tract lithiasis showed flank pain in 81.5%, hematuria in 35. 4%, and suprapubic discomfort in 30. 8%, ,but in lower urinary tract, painful urination was in 85%, urgency in 60%, stoppage of urinary stream in 65% and hematuria in 40%. 8. The microscopic hematuria showed 87.1%, which incidence was higher in lower urinary tract calculi, and pyuria was revealed in 39. 9%. 9. The most frequent surgical intervention was ureterolithotomy in 38.5% (35 cases). 10. The results of chemical analysis of 80 urinary calculi showed the mixed type of calcium-phosphate and calcium oxalate in 40% (32 cases), calcium oxalate in 12. 5% (10 cases), calcium phosphate in 12.5% (10 cases), the mixed type of calcium-phosphate and ammonium-phosphate in 10% (8 cases), calcium-carbonate in 10% (8 cases) and urate in 3.75% (3 cases). 11. Cases of bilateral urinary calculi were revealed in 13.8%.
Calcium ; Calcium Oxalate ; Calculi ; Female ; Flank Pain ; Hematuria ; Humans ; Incidence ; Jeollabuk-do ; Jeollanam-do ; Kidney ; Lithiasis ; Male ; Outpatients ; Pyuria ; Rivers ; Ureter ; Urethra ; Uric Acid ; Urinary Calculi ; Urinary Tract ; Urination ; Urolithiasis*

1. In total 33 cases of cataract, measurements of the corneal curvature(radius) were performed preoperatively and postoperatively. 2. Among 6 cases of below 40 year old, extracapsular cataract extraction were 5 cases. While 23 cases were done in intracapsular extraction among 27 cases of more than 40 year. 3. At two month after the operation, vertical and horizontal curvatures are closer to that of preoperative condition than in 1 month after the operation. 4. 2 month after the operation, vertical curvatures are getting flat in 66 %, while more cases showed tight horizontal curvatures than flat one.
Adult ; Cataract Extraction ; Cataract* ; Humans

No abstract available.

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma*

No Abstract available.
Infant, Newborn ; Infection Control* ; Intensive Care Units, Neonatal* ; Intensive Care, Neonatal*

No abstract available.
Liver* ; Pathology*