No abstract available.
Uterus*

In terms of seizure control for the patients with medically intractable temporal lobe epilepsy(TLE), extensive medial resection, especially of the hippocampus, has been advocated in anterior temporal lobectomy. The relationship between the outcome of anterior temporal lobectomy for epilepsy and the size of the hippocampectomy tailored to intraoperative electrocorticographic findings was evaluated in 100 patients, with at least 12 months of follow-up. In 28 patients with small hippocampal resection( Anterior Temporal Lobectomy* ; Classification ; Epilepsy ; Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hippocampus ; Humans ; Seizures ; Temporal Lobe*

No abstract available.
Head and Neck Neoplasms* ; Head* ; Immunotherapy*

Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy monotheraphy was performed in 315 urinary stones from 278 patients with the Domestic SDS-2 lithotriptor using C-arm fluoroscopy between December 1991 and December 1994. Of 315 cases, renal stones were 150 cases(47.6%) and ureteral stones 165 cases(36.1%). No regional or general anesthesia was required but parenteral or oral analgesics were required in some patients. Among 315 cases who completed extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy, the overall success rate of treatment was 90.5% with 92.4% in 5-9 mm, 94.8% in 10-19 mm, 89.7% in 20-29 mm and 61.5% over 30 mm or staghorn stones. Post lithotripsy complications were transient gross hematuria in 17.1%, renal colic in 11.4%, steinstrasse in 4.8%, petechia in 2.9% and fever in 1.9% and these complications were controlled with conservative treatment or repeated session of extracorporeal shock wave lothotropsy, percutaneous nephrodtomy, Double-J stent insertion or ureterolithotomy. We suggest that extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy monotheraphy with the Domestic SDS-2 lithotriptor was considered to be effective and safe procedure for the initial treatment of urinary stones.
Analgesics ; Anesthesia, General ; Fever ; Fluoroscopy ; Hematuria ; Humans ; Lithotripsy ; Renal Colic ; Shock* ; Stents ; Ureter ; Urinary Calculi*

OBJECTIVES: This study was designed to investigate the association between 5-HT 2A receptor gene promoter -1438A/G polymorphism and schizophrenia in a Korean population. METHOD: 5-HT 2A receptor gene promoter -1438A/G polymorphism was typed with Polymerase Chain Reaction in 132 patients with schizophrenia and 138 healthy normal controls. RESULT: There was no difference in allelic frequency of -1438A/G polymorphism between patients with schizophrenia and controls(K 2=2.261, df=1, p=0.133). A difference was found in genotype distribution(K 2=6.157, df=2, p=0.046), but this difference was being given by the increased A/A in th controls and A/G in the patients. The genotype frequency, which is the sum of homozygosity and heterozygosity for the -1438 G allele, was significantly higher in the patients(K 2=5.880, df=1, p=0.015). However, there was no difference between the patients with schizophrenia and conrols in the frequency of homozygosity for the -1438 G allele. CONCLULSION: These results suggest that -1438A/G polymorphism of the 5-HT 2A receptor gene promoter is not causally related to the development of schizophrenia in a Korean population.
Alleles ; Genotype ; Humans ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Schizophrenia* ; Serotonin*

BACKGROUND: Propofol is a new, short-acting intravenous sedative-hypnotic anesthetics for induction and maintenance. Awakening craniotomy for resection of seizure focus is performed when the area to be excited is too close to an eloquent area to be mapping accurately. This study was performed to evaluate the efficacy and the hemodynamic effects of Pofol(R) in comparison with Diprivan(R) for the maintenance of total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) in epilepsy surgery. METHODS: This procedure is carried out under what has been euphemistically called local anesthesia or monitored anesthesia care (MAC). For induction, 2 mg/kg in bolus was administered in both groups, and the usual maintaining dose was 100 mcg/kg/min. Surgical procedures are divided in 6 stage (I: Craniotomy, II: Electrocorticography (ECoG), III: Functional mapping, IV: Cortical resection, V: Post-resection EEG, VI: Craniotomy closure). RESULTS: Arterial blood gases and vital signs of Pofol(R) group and Diprivan(R) group were analysed. But, awakening time was slightly rapid in Pofol(R) group (8.9+/-2.64 min.) compared with Diprivan(R) group (10.6+/-3.22 min.). And there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: We concluded that both Pofol(R) and Diprivan(R) are the ideal total intravenous anesthetics for long time epilepsy surgery. However, Pofol(R) group is more helpful in intraoperative ECoG and functional brain mapping because of its slightly rapid awakening time.
Anesthesia* ; Anesthesia, Intravenous ; Anesthesia, Local ; Anesthetics ; Anesthetics, Intravenous ; Brain Mapping ; Craniotomy ; Electroencephalography ; Epilepsy* ; Gases ; Hemodynamics ; Propofol* ; Seizures ; Vital Signs

Temporal lobe epilepsy is characterized by complex partial seizures with either primary intracranial neoplasms or other non-neoplastic lesions. We reviewed 64 cases of surgically resected temporal lobes and amygdalo-hippocampal regions for temporal lobe epilepsy ansed by non-neoplastic lesions to elucidate the incidence and histologic features of each histologic group for a period of 2 years. The patient's age ranged from 12 to 49 years and the ratio of male to female was 42:22. There were 37 cases(57.8%) with single pathology and an additional 20 cases(31.3%) with dual pathology. The emaining 7 cases(10.9%) had no structural alternations. The most common temporal lobe pathology was hippocampal sclerosis in 41 cases(64.1%), diagnosed alone in 21 cases and as dual lesions in 20 cases. The hippocampal neuron loss was most pro,omemt in CA1, followed by CA4, CA3, and CA2. Amygdaloid sclerosis was present in 28 cases(43.8%), lases had 13 dual lesions, 25 cases also had hippocampal sclerosis. The 20 dual lesions showed that 6 cortical dysplasia, 10 microdysgenesis, 1 chronic non-specific inflammatory lesion, and 3 cysticercosis were associated with the various degree of mesial temporal sclerosis. Neuronoglial malformative lesions were identified in 21 cases(32.8%) including 16 dual lesion cases, which composed of 15 microdysgenesis and 6 cortical dysplasia. Neurofilament immunostain for cortical dysplasia revealed abnormally beaded disarray of axons in dysplastic pyramidal cells. The remaining pathologic lesions observed were 1 cysticercosis, 1 chronic non-specific inflammatory lesion, 3 arteriovenous malformation, 2 fibrous nodule, and 1 fibrous adhesions of the arachnoid.
Female ; Male ; Humans ; Incidence

Thirty patients who coincided with CVA and MI, from january 1980 to August 1984, at Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital, were studied. And the following results were obtained; 1) The ratio of male to female was 2:1. The average age was 61.6 years. The in-hospital mortality rate was higher than cerebrovascular accident or myocardial infarction alone. 2) The most common risk factor was hypertension(83%), smoking(64%), hyperlipidemia(57%) and diabetes mellitus(33%) in order of frequency. 3) Fifteen cases of 30 patients had acute episode of MI and CVA during hospitalization and showed highest in -hospital mortality rate(66.7%). 4) There was no difference in mortality rate between cereral infarction and cerebral hemorrhage.
Cerebral Hemorrhage ; Female ; Hospital Mortality ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Infarction ; Internal Medicine ; Male ; Mortality ; Myocardial Infarction* ; Risk Factors ; Stroke*

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Since occult submucous cleft is a defect in the velum that is not apparent on the oral side, it is not infrequently misdiagnosed and an appropriate therapy is often delayed. We aimed to evaluate the speech characteristics and nasopharyngeal endoscopic findings in patients with occult submucous cleft to provide aid to timely diagnosis. SUBJECTS AND METHOD: We reviewed medical records of 10 Korean occult submucous cleft patients who did not present classic stigma of submucous cleft. Their age ranged 3.6 to 63 years. All subjects received perceptual resonance/articulation evaluation, nasometry and nasopharyngoscopy by a speech pathologist and a laryngologist. RESULTS: Eight patients presented with apparent hypernasal speech and their nasalance scores were significantly higher than reference values. Five had compensatory articulation errors: glottal stop for velar plosives, tense alveolar fricatives and/or palatal affricatives. Two patients had only a weak oral consonants and the other produced nasal cognates for their plosives. Nasopharyngeal endoscopic evaluation revealed an overt central groove, slight notch or flattening in the area of the velar eminence. Incomplete velopharyngeal closure with central gap was observed in most of the patients except in two who had a complete velopharyngeal or velo-adenoidal sealing. CONCLUSION: Marked hypernasality and frequent association with compensatory articulation errors warrant a suspicion and vigilant evaluation to find out occult submucous cleft. To provide an appropriate and timely therapy for patients with occult submucous cleft, thorough perceptual, acoustic and endoscopic evaluation is mandatory for the patients with hypernasality.
Acoustics ; Articulation Disorders ; Cleft Palate* ; Diagnosis ; Endoscopy ; Humans ; Medical Records ; Reference Values ; Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation ; Velopharyngeal Insufficiency

No abstract available.
Thyroid Gland