No abstract available.
Checklist* ; Child ; Child Behavior* ; Child* ; Conduct Disorder* ; Humans

To assess the change of nitric oxide(NO) concentration according to photorefractive keratectomy(PRK) depth and the role of NO in cataractohenesis after excimer laser PRK. The treated 36 rabbits were divided into 12 groups according to PRK depth(-3.0, -7.0, -11.0 diopter [0]), the dates of sampling(the 1st day and the 7th day after PRK), and reatment of NOS inhibitor (NG-nitro-L-arginine methylester, L-NAME). NO concentration and superoxide dismutase(SOD) activity in the aqueous humor and malondialdehyde(MDA) concentration in the lens were measured. Changes of lens epithelium were examined by eletron microscopy on the 3rd day and the 6th day after -11.0D of PRK. The NO and MDA concentration in the group without L-NAME treatment on the 1st day after -11.0D of PRK were significantly higher than those in the L-NAME treated group and control group. The activity of SOD increased in all of the PRK treated group on the 1st day and was even higher on the 7th day. The histopathological changes of lens epithelium on the 3rd day after PRK were compatible with cellular necrosis and those of the 6th day after PRK were compatible with cellular reparing. The results suggested that the toxicity of NO after PRK correcting over -11.0D may a role in cataractogenesis, but the progress could be suppressed by treatment of NOS inhibitor.
Aqueous Humor ; Epithelium ; Lasers, Excimer ; Malondialdehyde ; Microscopy ; Necrosis ; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester ; Nitric Oxide* ; Photorefractive Keratectomy* ; Rabbits ; Superoxide Dismutase ; Superoxides

Acute scrotum is any pathologic condition of the scrotum or intrascrotal contents that requires emergency medical or surgical management. Management of each disease entity is different, but the differential diagnosis is very difficult. So many testes were lost due to delay of the adequate diagnosis or unnecessary explorations had been taken under the misdiagnosis. A study was done to evaluate the differential diagnostic value of clinical symptoms and signs, physical examinations, laboratory data and radiologic studies including scrotal Doppler ultrasonography on acute scrotum patients. During the two years, thirty patients were visited to emergency medical center of Ajou university. There were 5 patients with testicular torsion, 16 acute epididymitis, 5 orchitis, 3 edema of scrotum, 1 infected hydrocele, the mean age of total patients was 17 years old. Symptoms and signs, laboratory data showed no specific ability to differentiate each disease entities, but radiographic evaluations were useful to differentiate testicular torsion from non-torsion acute scrotum. We could suggest that scrotal Doppler ultrasonography is useful for early differential diagnosis of the acute scrotum, especially in emergency department.
Adolescent ; Diagnosis ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Diagnostic Errors ; Edema ; Emergencies ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Epididymitis ; Humans ; Male ; Orchitis ; Physical Examination ; Scrotum* ; Spermatic Cord Torsion ; Testis ; Ultrasonography, Doppler

Inadvertent application of ionizing radiation, a valuable tool in diagnostic radiology and radiotherapy, results in injury and death of adjacent normal cells, inducing gene mutations or even producing latent cancers. Captopril, an angiotensin I converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, has been reported to prevent the structural and functional changes in variable organs, such as lung and kidney, from radiation injury in different experimental animal models. An experiment was carried out to elucidate the radiation-induced histomorphologic changes of small intestine, especially jejunum, and to determine whether captopril can reduce or prevent the radiation-induced injuries in jejunum. Twenty-six healthy Sprague-Dawley rats were used. Experimental group (n=24) was divided into two large groups: the first one (n=16) was treated with two different single dose (9 Gy, 17 Gy) irradiation only and was sacrificed at 12 hours and at 8 weeks following irradiation; the second one (n=8) received captopril 500 mg/l per oral continuously after same doses of irradiation and was sacrificed at 8 weeks. The control group (n=2) was maintained on a stock diet in a same period of experimental group and sacrificed coincidentally. On light and electron microscopy, the 9 Gy and 17 Gy 12 hours groups revealed frequent apoptosis and necrosis but extremely decreased mitotic figures of the crypt cells. However, the 9 Gy and 17 Gy 8 weeks groups and the combined irradiation with captopril groups showed extremely reduced apoptosis and necrosis with increased mitotic figures. There was good correlation between experimental groups in apoptotic count and mitotic count (p<0.05). In the 9 Gy and 17 Gy 12 hours groups, the mucosal surface was focally or diffusely fragmented and the villi were slightly to moderately distorted. Collagen deposition was very mild and confined to the lower portion of the lamina propria. The 9 Gy and 17 Gy 8 weeks groups showed more severe mucosal surface fragmentation even with foci of erosion, short and distorted villi, and more intense collagen deposition. In contrast, the combined irradiation with captopril groups revealed complete regeneration of the mucosal surface epithelium and absent collagen deposition. These findings suggest that the acute radiation injuries to small intestine occur principally in the mucosal crypt cells. Captopril, the ACE inhibitor, might provide a useful intervention in the radiation injuries of intestinal mucosa.
Animals ; Apoptosis ; Captopril ; Collagen ; Diet ; Epithelium ; Intestinal Mucosa* ; Intestine, Small ; Jejunum ; Kidney ; Lung ; Microscopy, Electron ; Models, Animal ; Mucous Membrane ; Necrosis ; Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A ; Radiation Injuries ; Radiation, Ionizing ; Radiotherapy ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Regeneration

Adenocarcinoma of the meibomian gland is relatively uncommon. In recent years, the authors have experienced a case of histologically proven meibomian gland adenocarcinoma. This was a 80-year-old female who had a regrowing large mass in the right upper eyelid. She was treated with surgical excision but rejected radiation therapy. A biopsy was performed and the histopathological examination revealed adenocarcinoma of the meibomian gland.
Adenocarcinoma ; Aged, 80 and over ; Anesthesia, Local ; Biopsy ; Conjunctivitis ; Eyelids* ; Female ; Humans ; Meibomian Glands* ; Molluscum Contagiosum* ; Skin

Atopic dermatitis is a common chronic inflammatory skin disease, associated with marked inflammatory cells (of mast cells and eosinophils) and severe itching, which leads to clinical problems in the pediatric population. This study was designed to investigate the inhibitory effects of luteolin liposome solution, that is entrapped the hydrophobic luteolin (one of the flavonoids) into ethosome to improve its stability, by using hapten-induced atopic dermatitis animal model (NC/Nga mice).The luteolin liposome treated mice showed anti-inflammatory effect as evidenced by the lowering of erythema and edema in clinical observation, reduction of inflammatory cell infiltration and epidermal thickness in histopathological examination, when compared with TNCB induced controls. Luteolin liposome solution also reduced the serum IgE level which played important roles in the atopic dermatitis model. These results suggest that luteolin liposome solution has some merit in this formulation showing inhibitory effects for the atopic dermatitis.
Animals ; Dermatitis, Atopic ; Edema ; Erythema ; Immunoglobulin E ; Liposomes ; Luteolin ; Mast Cells ; Mice ; Models, Animal ; Pruritus ; Skin Diseases

BACGROUND: The accuracy and efficiency of a job performed by hospital employee can be linked directly with patients' health and life. It is considered that their irregular work and stress are relatively high as compared with other workplaces. In this article we tried to look into how job stress, working environment and factors of life-style influence sleep problems in hospital employees. METHODS: This research was conducted among 248 workers of a hospital in Busan on April, 2002. Sleep problems were categorized into insomnia, sleep deprivation, daytime sleepiness and snoring on the basis of the factor analysis of 11-item questions. The job stress was proposed by Karasek, etc., and measured by 14-item modified questions. The statistical analysis was conducted using Chi-square test and multiple logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: Statistically insomnia, sleep deprivation and daytime sleepiness showed a significant increase in women (OR:2.1/2.69/3.16) and shift workers (OR:4.67/3.28/1.98) and snoring showed a significant increase in obesity (OR:5.0) and smokers (OR:2.34). CONCLUSION: This research showed that many hospital employees perceive sleep disorders as critical. Especially, work shift seemed to be an important risk factor for sleep disorders.
Busan ; Female ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Obesity ; Prevalence* ; Risk Factors ; Sleep Deprivation ; Sleep Wake Disorders ; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders ; Snoring

From June 1982 to Feb. 1987, 250 cases of planned ECCE with posterior chamber lens implantation were performed in Koryo General Hospital. Among them, 200 cases had been followed up for more than 2 months. The results were as follows: 1. Among 200 cases, the most prevalent age groups were age 40s to 50s for men(103 cases, 64.4% of 160 male cases) and age 60s to 70s for women(32 cases, 80% of 40 female cases). The mean age was 49.67 years for men and 65.84 years for women. 2. Before the operation, diabetes mellitus and hypertention were shown to be the most common systemic diseases, which were found in 8 cases and 6 cases, respectively. Exotropia and macular degeneration were some what more common ophthalmic problems, which were found in 2 cases, respectively. 3. Early postoperative complications were striate keratitis, corneal edema (180 cases, 90%), and uveitis (160 cases, 80%). These figures show that almost all cases have the above complications developed after planned ECCE and posterior chamber lens implantation. 4. Late complications were after cataract(6 cases, 3%) and secondary glaucoma (5 cases, 2.5%). 5. The best corrected visual acuity after operation of 0.5 or better was 84%. 6. The spherical equivalent between -2.00D and emmetropia of postoperative corrective spectacle lens power was composed of 132 cases(66%). 7. Postoperative astigmatism occurred in 103 cases. Among them, the lens power of 0.01 to 1.50D was found in 58 cases(56.3%). The most common axis of astigmatism was 180degree, which appeared in 28 cases.
Astigmatism ; Axis, Cervical Vertebra ; Corneal Edema ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Emmetropia ; Exotropia ; Female ; Glaucoma ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Keratitis ; Macular Degeneration ; Male ; Postoperative Complications ; Uveitis ; Visual Acuity

We performed a retrospective study of 21 diabetes patients among the 500 cases of cataract extraction with IOL implantation. The results were as follows: 1. The length of follow-up ranged from 6 to 41 months. Sex distribution was 15 males and 6 females, and the mean age of patients was 56.9 years. 2. The fundus examination at the time of operation showed that 14 patients had non diabetic retionpathy and 7 patients had background diabetic retinopathy. During the postoperative follow-up period, 2 cases of non diabetic retinopathy proceeded to background diabetic retinopathy. 3. The implanted IOLs were classified into three types: anterior chamber lens(1 eye), iris clip lens(3 eyes) and posterior chamber lens(17 eyes). 4. There was no significant correlation between postoperative complications and diabetes, and steroid induced glaucoma occurred in 3 eyes. 5. The removal of IOL was performed in 3 eyes, and of these one had neovascular glaucoma associated with diabetes. 6. The preoperative visual acuity was mostly below 0.02. After operation, 18 patients obtained corrected visual acuity of 0.5 or better.
Anterior Chamber ; Cataract Extraction ; Diabetic Retinopathy ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Glaucoma ; Glaucoma, Neovascular ; Humans ; Iris ; Male ; Postoperative Complications ; Retrospective Studies ; Sex Distribution ; Visual Acuity

No abstract available.
Lung*