Hemangioma of the kidney is a relatively uncommon tumor, which is most commonly located in the tip of the papilla. This lesion is usually small and has been found incidentally at postmorten examination. About 200 cases of renal hemangioma have been reported since Virchow's original report in 1876. In renal hemangioma, cavernous hemangioma is the most common type. They can create diagnostic problem for the clinician and the radiologist. We experienced a case of renal cavernous hemangioma in the medulla of the upper pole. The patient was a twenty-seven-year-old male who had gross hematuria and right flank pain. A nephrectomy was performed. An ill-defined mass, 4.5x3.0x1.5 cm, was observed around the pelvis. Microscopically, the tumor mass was hemangioma of the cavernous type.
Male ; Humans ; Hemangioma

No abstract available.
Thumb*

No abstract available.
Female ; Humans ; Ovary*

The long term administration of anti-convulsants on children with convulsive disorders may cause osteomalacia, depending on the dosage, duration, type and combination of anti-convulsants administred. Fifteen children, comprising 10 male and 5 female, dignosed with convulsive disorders and administered with phenobarbital for a long term period of more than 9 months but less than 84 months and 15 healthy children of a similar age-group were selected for the investigation the density of she spinal backbone of each individual was measured by means of the "QDR-2000 X-ray bone densitometer's (made by Hologic company) which uses the double energy X-ray absorption technique. The levels of serum calcium, phosphrus and alkaline phosphatase for each child were also measured for comparative analysis. The results were as follows: 1) The mean bone density for the healthy group of chlidren was 0.69+/-0.09g/cm(2) and that for the group of children administered with phenobarbital was 0.59+/-0.07cm(2) indicating a significant decrease in density for the latter group (p<0.05). 2) As for the relationship between the duration of phenonbarbital and the decrease in bone mineral density, 5 of 6 patients(83%) administered with phenobarbital for more than 4 years showed a decrease in bone mineral density and 5 of 9 patients (56%) administered with phenobarbital for less than 4 years showed a decrease in bone mineral density. 3) the mean vitamin D level for the healthy group of chlidren was 26.8+/-2.5pg/ml indicating a significant decrease in vitamin D3 level for this group(p<0.05). 4) The mean serum alkaline phospatase evel for the health group of children was 240+/-50u/L and 462+/-110u/L for those administered with phenobarbital. This indicate a significant increase in ALP for phenobarbital group(p<0.05). 5) The posphorus and calcium levels were within the normal range for all the groups of children.
Absorption ; Alkaline Phosphatase ; Bone Density* ; Calcium ; Child* ; Cholecalciferol ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Osteomalacia ; Phenobarbital* ; Reference Values ; Vitamin D

No abstract available.
Acrosome Reaction* ; Acrosome* ; Male ; Semen*

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to find out the effect of hypnotics and analgesics on oxygen saturation by pulse oximetry in surgery patients under spinal anesthesia. METHODS: Sixty-five patients classified ASA physical status 1 or 2 scheduled for surgery under spinal anesthesia were studied. These patients were divided into three groups. The 22 subjects of the first group did not receive either midazolam or fentanyl. The 22 subjects of the second group received midazolam. The 21 subjects of the third group received midazolam (0.03 mg/kg) and fentanyl (1.0 microgram/ kg). Oxygen saturation was measured with a pulse oximetry. Measurements were made before spinal anesthesia, 5 minutes, and 10 minutes after starting of spinal anesthesia, 5 minutes, 10 minutes, 30 minutes, and 60 minutes after the start of the operation or intravenous injection of drugs. In addition, measurements were made on arrival in the recovery room, and 5 minutes, 10 minutes, 20 minutes, and 30 minutes after arrival in the recovery room. RESULTS: There were statistically significant differences in oxygen saturation at 5 minutes after the start of the operation or intravenous injection of drugs. The mean oxygen saturation for the first group was 98.2 +/- 1.8%, for the second group 97.9 +/- 2.6%, and for the third group 92.4 +/- 2.8%. Hypoxia cases at 5 minutes after the start of the operation or intravenous injection of a drug occurred in 4.5% of the first group, 9.1% of the second group, and 57.1% of the third group CONCLUSIONS: We concluded that oxygen saturation monitoring should be done routinely in patients receiving hypnotics and analgesics during spinal anesthesia, and oxygen should be administered to patients who develope hypoxia during spinal anesthesia.
Analgesics* ; Anesthesia, Spinal* ; Anoxia* ; Fentanyl ; Humans ; Hypnotics and Sedatives* ; Incidence* ; Injections, Intravenous ; Midazolam ; Oximetry ; Oxygen ; Recovery Room

PURPOSE: The main purpose of this study was to investigate the modalities children with atopic dermatitis. METHODS: The data were collected from 933 children ages under 12 years who were diagnosed with atopic dermatitis for over 1 year. RESULTS: Moisturizer was the most frequent prescription from hospitals and immune modulator was the most satisfactory therapy. The most common cause of non-compliance was the concern about the side effects of drug such as steroid. In addition, 71.5% of children reported previous or current use of alternative therapy and most common source of information on alternative therapy was from mass media. CONCLUSION: Various therapies have been utilized to manage atopic dermatitis and the use of alternative therapy is in common in Korea. It is suggested for all care providers to be more aware of alternative therapies.
Child ; Complementary Therapies ; Dermatitis, Atopic ; Humans ; Korea ; Mass Media ; Prescriptions

Morphea is a sclerotic connective tissue disorder and it is thought to be caused by the decreased activity of collagenase. Various therapeutic modalitiessuch as topical steroid and systemic steroid, antimalarial agents, cyclosporine and phototherapy have been shown to be effective to treat this illness. Recently, PUVA and UVA1 phototherapy for localized scleroderma have been shown to have excellent efficacy. But PUVA and UVA1 phototherapy also have some disadvantages. So another phototherapy modality is warranted. Herein we report on a case of a 7 year female patient with linear scleroderma and she obtained a successful result with NBUVB phototherapy.
Antimalarials ; Collagenases ; Connective Tissue ; Cyclosporine ; Female ; Humans ; Phototherapy ; Polyenes ; Scleroderma, Localized

No abstract available.
Carcinoma, Basal Cell ; Perineum

BACKGROUND: Nitric oxide(NO) produced by activated macrophages through the action of iNOS is the key molecule in the killing mycobacterium. Prostaglandins produced by the action of COX-2, also, are the important mediators of inflammation and other pathophysiologic process. A complex relationship is emerging with regard to "cross-talk" between the NO and COX-2 pathways. OBJECTIVE: The purposes of this study were to investigate the expression of iNOS and COX-2 across the spectrum of leprosy in the paraffin-embedded skin lesions, to demonstrate the interaction between iNOS and COX-2 expression, and to demonstrate the differences in the cell types expressing the iNOS or COX-2. METHOD: In the paraffin-embedded skin lesions of 30 new cases of leprosy(TT, n=4; BT, n=4; BL, n=7; LL, n=15), iNOS and COX-2 expression were detected by using immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS: iNOS expression was 2.0-55.8%(mean 15.9%) and the level of expression of iNOS in TT(31.2%) and BT(32.6%) lesions was significantly higher than that of BL(11.1%) and LL(8.6%) lesions(p<0.05). COX-2 expression was 3.6-74.5%(mean 27.1%) and the level of expression of COX-2 in TT(59.2%) lesions was significantly higher than that of BT, BL and LL lesions(p<0.05). There was positive correlation between iNOS and COX-2 expression, that is, the lesions which expressed high level of iNOS also expressed COX-2 highly. The correlation was statistically significant(r=0.535, p<0.05). The overall level of COX-2 expression(27.1%) was higher than that of iNOS expression(15.9%), and when compared the expression of them across the spectrum of leprosy, COX-2 expressed higher than iNOS in TT and LL lesions. CONCLUSION: Both iNOS and COX-2 were expressed in all types of leprosy skin lesions and the level of iNOS expression in TT and BT lesions was significantly higher than that of BL and LL lesions. The level of expression of COX-2 in TT lesions was significantly higher than that of BT, BL and LL lesions. These results suggest that iNOS and COX-2 have important roles in anti-mycobacterial activities in leprosy lesions. The positive correlation between iNOS and COX-2 expression suggests that NO and COX-2 might interact synergistically or additively rather than suppress each other.
Homicide ; Humans ; Inflammation Mediators ; Leprosy* ; Macrophages ; Mycobacterium ; Prostaglandins ; Skin*