Four thoroughbred horses showing lameness, ataxia, circling, depression, recumbency, and seizures, were examined. The horses had gross, pale- to dark-red manifestations and foci in the central nervous system (CNS). Multifocal to coalescing eosinophilic necrotizing encephalomyelitis was observed histologically in the CNS along with intact or degenerated nematodes. Nematodes had polymyarian-coelomyarian musculature, a smooth thin cuticle, and intestines lined by multinucleated cells with microvilli. These traits suggested the nematodes belonged to the family Protostrongylidae, which includes Parelaphostrongylus tenuis. It was concluded that the horses were infected by nematodes, presumably Parelaphostrongylus tenuis, resulting in eosinophilic necrotizing encephalomyelitis.
Ataxia ; Central Nervous System ; Depression ; Encephalomyelitis* ; Eosinophils* ; Horses* ; Humans ; Intestines ; Microvilli ; Parasites* ; Seizures

PURPOSE: To determine the magnetic resonance (MR) imaging characteristics of traumatic transient lateral dislocation of the patellae. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In eight patients (6 males, 2 females, mean age: 22.4 years) in whom transient lateral dislocation of the patella was diagnosed, the distinctive MR imaging findings reflecting known injury mechanism were retrospectively analyzed with regard to bone contusion, chondral defect, fracture, loose body, joint effusion, and the associated soft tissue abnormalities. RESULTS: All of eight patients had bone contusions in the lateral femoral condyle and medial facet of the patella, while in five, chondral defects were present in this latter region. In three patients, fractures of the on lateral femoral condyle (n=2) and medial facet of the patella (n=3) were noted, and in three others, loose bodies were noted. Joint effusion [simple effusion (n=4), lipohemarthrosis (n=3)] was observed in seven patients, and associated soft tissue injuries [to the medial patellar retinaculum (n=8), patellar tendon (n=2), and anterior cruciate ligament (n=1)] in eight. Patellar subluxation was found in seven. CONCLUSION: MR imaging is a useful technique for the diagnosis of traumatic lateral dislocation of the patella. The significant MR findings are bone contusion in the lateral femoral condyle and medial facet of the patella, chondral defect, fracture, joint effusion, injury to the medial patellar retinaculum, and patellar subluxation.
Anterior Cruciate Ligament ; Contusions ; Diagnosis ; Dislocations* ; Female ; Humans ; Joint Loose Bodies ; Joints ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Patella* ; Patellar Ligament ; Retrospective Studies ; Soft Tissue Injuries

Extramedullary plasmacytoma involves organs outside the bone marrow, but involvement of the pancreas is very rare. We present the imaging findings of extramedullary plasmacytoma of the pancreas in a patient with multiple myeloma. Mixed echogenecity was noted at US, and marked enhancement at CT and MR.
Bone Marrow ; Humans ; Multiple Myeloma ; Pancreas* ; Plasmacytoma*

BACKGROUND: Hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia and coronary heart disease are closely related to obesity. Recently incidence of such diseases are remarkably increased. Many researches have been done to find out to implement prevention and treatment of such diseases. Abdominal obesity is one of the most important contributing factors of metabolic complications. This study was done to compare indicators of obesity with abdominal fat amount which was measured by anthropometric parameters and computed tomogram, and to find correlation between the risk factors of atherosclerosis and the indicators of obesity. METHODS: Fifty nine healthy premenopausal women without diabetes, coronary heart disease or history of other chronic disease were enrolled. Blood pressure and simple anthropometric parameter were measured. Computed tomograms in umbilical and femoral regions were performed. From serial blood samples, plasma fasting glucose and insulin, cholesterol and triglyceride were measured and atherogenic index was calculated. RESULTS: The ratio of visceral fat area and skeletal muscle area at the mid-thigh level was found to be highly correlated(R=0.965, p<0.001) and atherogenic index showed similar patterns to the waist circumference, the waist/height ratio and the waist/hip ratio. Especially, the waist/height ratio was found to be the most reliable indicator of obesity to predict atherogenic index. CONCLUSION: Although the ratio of visceral fat and skeletal muscle areas at the mid-thigh level which is measured by computed tomogram was the best indicator of visceral fat, these results proved that waist circumference and the waist/height ratio were also good indicators of the risk factors of atherosclerosis. By simple anthropometric measurements, it can help to find the remedy and preventiono of obesity in primary practices.
Abdominal Fat ; Atherosclerosis* ; Blood Pressure ; Cholesterol ; Chronic Disease ; Coronary Disease ; Fasting ; Female ; Glucose ; Humans ; Hyperlipidemias ; Hypertension ; Incidence ; Insulin ; Intra-Abdominal Fat ; Muscle, Skeletal ; Obesity ; Obesity, Abdominal ; Plasma ; Risk Factors ; Triglycerides ; Waist Circumference

Purpose: This study aimed to describe the meaning of spiritual care as perceived by nursing students. Methods: This study used a descriptive research design, and the participants were 126 fourth-year nursing students from three nursing colleges. Data were collected from August to September 2019, and were analyzed using the content analysis method. Results: Four themes of spiritual care with 15 sub-themes were extracted from the content analysis: 1) “promoting spiritual well-being” (sub-themes: “providing religious help”, “caring for the patient as a spiritual being”, and “presupposing human dignity regardless of religion”); 2) “taking place in actual nursing practice” (representative sub-themes: “considering the perspective of the patient”, “reducing suffering”); 3) “caring for the multifaceted needs of human beings” (representative sub-themes: “providing physical, mental, and spiritual care”, “caring for both the mental and physical health of the patient”), and 4) “growing together”(sub-themes: “positively affecting patient well-being”, “beginning with the nurse’s self-transcendence”). Conclusion These results suggest that nursing students consider spiritual care to be a highly positive and practical form of nursing care. However, because few students have been exposed to religion and spirituality, more systematic training should be provided.

Myxoglobulosis is a rare morphologic variant of appendiceal mucocele. We reported herein a case of myxoglobulosis in a 50-year-old man who presented with an appendiceal mass following a several months symptomatic course. Double contrast barium study showed filling defect in cecum. Computed tomograph showed well defined tubular, cystic lesion with slight wall enhancement at the appendiceal area. Laparotomy disclosed a distended appendix, measuring 12.0 4.0 cm, without perforation containing white to pale yellowish globules, reminiscent of parasitic eggs. Microscopically globules are composed of centers of inflamed granulation tissue and amorphous granular necrotic debris, surrounded by rings of inspissated mucous shells. The wall shows devoid of a lining epithelium. We performed ileocecectomy.
Appendix* ; Barium ; Cecum ; Eggs ; Epithelium ; Granulation Tissue ; Humans ; Laparotomy ; Middle Aged ; Mucocele ; Ovum

BACKGROUND: Brief intervention with problem drinkers have been shown to be effective, but physicians often do not ask about alcohol use because of time constraints and lack of knowledge. If a sin gle question can be used to screening for problem drinker effectively, primary care physicians could detect problem drinker earlier and reduce future complication and morbidity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of single question. METHODS: One family medicine's resident interviewed 163 patients who visited Dongdaemun Hospital's Health care management center of Ewha Woman's university from January 27th 1999 to February 26th 1999, and the patients answered the written forms of questionnares. This written forms contained the followings: (1) age, sex, education, income level, occupation, smoking, drunken driving, (2) "On any single occasion during the past 3 months have you had more than a bottle of Soju or three bottles of beer or five glasses of whisky?" (3) CAGE, NAST test. Quantity of alcohol was determined by the calendar based review in the past 4 weeks. At risk drinker defined as drinking more than 56 g on one occasion, or more than 196 g of pure alcohol during a week for men ; more than 42 g on one occasion, or more than 98 g of pure alcohol during a week for women. Also alcohol use disorder was defined by the DSM IV criteria and problem drinker was defined as either at risk drinker or a alcohol use disorder. RESULTS: The single question had a positive predictive value of 82.2%, and negative predictive value of 95.5% with a sensitivity of 93.8% and a specificity of 86.9% for problem drinkers. CONCLUSION: A single question about alcohol use would be a effective tool for detecting problem drinker.
Beer ; Delivery of Health Care ; Drinking ; Education ; Eyeglasses ; Female ; Glass ; Humans ; Male ; Mass Screening ; Occupations ; Physicians, Primary Care ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Smoke ; Smoking

A case of tuberculosis is reported in an eight-year-old, male, elk (Cervus elaphus nelsoni). The elk showed severe coughing, respiratory distress, abdominal breathing, anorexia, and severe progressive emaciation in the elk farm. At necropsy, the elk appeared in poor body condition. Mild enlargement of retropharyngeal and submandibular lymph node was observed in the head. Diffuse fibrinous pleuritis and purple red lobar pneumonia were found in the thorax. Well demarcated numerous dark yellow discrete or confluent nodules from 0.3 to 2 cm in diameter were scattered in the whole lung. Bronchial and mediastinal lymph nodes were also enlarged. Histopathologically, lungs had typical classical tuberculous granulomas, multiple abscesses, and numerous macrophages and Langhans giant cells infiltration in alveolar lumen. In the lymph nodes, there were small clusters of necrosis and infiltration of numerous macrophages, epithelioid cells, and Langhans giant cells. With the acid-fast staining, numerous mycobacteria were revealed in the lung and lymph nodes. According to this study, there are differences of the histopathologic lesions and the numbers of acid-fast bacilli in the lesions between this elk and cattle. Mycobacterium bovis was confirmed as a causative agent in this elk using bacterial isolation, biochemical characteristics, and PCR technique. The isolate was negative for niacin test, nitrate reductase, and pyrazinamidase. This is a first report for bovine tuberculosis of farmed elk in Asia.
Animals ; DNA, Bacterial/chemistry/genetics ; Deer/*microbiology ; Fatal Outcome ; Korea ; Lung/microbiology/pathology ; Male ; Mycobacterium bovis/genetics/*isolation&purification ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Tuberculosis/microbiology/*veterinary

Color-dilution alopecia is a relatively uncommon hereditary skin disease seen in "Blue" and other color-diluted dogs. This syndrome is associated with a color-dilution gene. The initial clinical signs are the gradual onset of a dry, dull and poor hair coat quality. Hair shafts and hair regrowth are poor, and follicular papules may develop and progress to frank comedones. Hair loss and comedo formation are usually most severe on the trunk, especially color-diluted area on the skin. Six cases of color-dilution alopecia are reported in 3 months to 10 years old dogs. The breeds of dogs are blue Doberman Pinscher, Miniature Pinscher, Dachshund, and Schnauzer. Grossly, extensive partial hair loss was seen on the skin. Histopathologically, the epidermis is relatively normal but may be hyperplastic. Hair follicles are characterized by atrophy and distortion. Heavily clumped melanin is present in the epidermis, dermis and hair follicles.
Alopecia/genetics/*veterinary ; Animals ; Dog Diseases/*genetics ; Dogs ; Female ; Hair Color/*genetics ; Male ; Skin/pathology

This report deals with the acute onset of an abortion outbreak and high sow mortality in one pig herd consisted of 1,200 pigs and 120 sows on Jeju Island, Korea. Affected pregnant sows showed clinical signs, including high fever, gradual anorexia, vomiting, depression, recumbency, prostration, abortion, and a few deaths. Four dead sows, five aborted fetuses from the same litter, and 17 sera collected from sows infected or normal were submitted to the Pathology Division of the National Veterinary Research and Quarantine Service for diagnostic investigation. Grossly, hepatomegaly and splenomegaly were observed in sows. Multiple necrotic foci were scattered in the lungs, liver, spleen, and lymph nodes. Microscopically, multifocal necrotizing lesions and protozoan tachyzoites were present in the lesions. Tachyzoites of Toxoplasma (T.) gondii were detected immunohistochemically. Latex agglutination showed that the sera of 7 of 17 (41.2%) sows were positive for antibody to T. gondii. The disease outbreak in this herd was diagnosed as epizootic toxoplasmosis. To our knowledge, this is the first report of porcine toxoplasmosis with a high abortion rate and sow mortality in Korea.
Aborted Fetus ; Abortion, Veterinary/blood/epidemiology/*parasitology/pathology ; Animals ; Antibodies, Protozoan/blood ; Disease Outbreaks/*veterinary ; Female ; Hepatomegaly/parasitology/veterinary ; Immunohistochemistry/veterinary ; Korea/epidemiology ; Latex Fixation Tests/veterinary ; Pregnancy ; Splenomegaly/parasitology/veterinary ; Swine ; Swine Diseases/blood/epidemiology/*parasitology/pathology ; Toxoplasma/*isolation & purification ; Toxoplasmosis, Animal/blood/epidemiology/parasitology/*pathology