Using Burian-Allen bipolar contact lens electrode, Authors examined the normal 120 eyes of 120 subjects(male 57, female 63), age ranged 7 to 83 years(mean 44.5 years), with the method which was same as the ISCEV standard. There was no statistically significant differences between the value obtained using Burian-Allen electrode and the value obtained using ERG-jet electrode(p>0.05). We expect that this data would be useful testing method to evaluate the retinal disease. And this data may provide new reference value in the study of electroretinogram.
Electrodes* ; Electroretinography* ; Female ; Humans ; Reference Values* ; Retinal Diseases

Hypertensive choroidopathy is seen in patients suffering from acute ypertension such as pregnancy-induced hypertension, renal disease, connective tissue disease, and accelerated essential hypertension, which can affect the visual acuity in many ways. Especially, retinal detachment is the most important factor in visual prognosis, so understanding its clinical course is important to the ophthalmologist. We diagnosed the 257 severe preeclampsia and eclampsia patinents at the Soonchunhyang University Hospital from January 1987 to Auguest 1996, and found 19 cases of serous retinal detachment. The fluorescein angiography showed delayed perfusion of the choriocapillaris in the earlyphase and marked pooling of dye in subretinal space in the late phase. The results of this study revealed that serous retinal detachment occured mostly binoculary (83.3%); the extent of the pathologic region ranged from 2.11DD to 7.2DD (mean 4.06DD); total bullous retinal detachment was found in one case; the duration of reattachment ranged from 8 to 43 days (mean 9.95days); and the recovery interval of visual acuity was between 21 to 35 days(average interval 18.5 days). Of 12 cases followed up 11 cases showed normal visual acuity, normal visual field and retinal reattachment without the macular degeneration.
Connective Tissue Diseases ; Eclampsia ; Female ; Fluorescein Angiography ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced ; Macular Degeneration ; Perfusion ; Pre-Eclampsia* ; Pregnancy ; Prognosis ; Retinal Detachment* ; Retinaldehyde* ; Toxemia* ; Visual Acuity ; Visual Fields

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the parameters of electroretinography[ERG]in eyes with diabetic retinopathy. The ERG responses were recorded in 46 normal subjects and 72 diabetic patients.We obtained the values of 12parameters from 5 basic responses and compared the changes of ERG parameters with the stages of diabetic retinopathy. The amplitude of oscillatory potentials decreased progressively from normal to severe nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy[NPDR].The b-wave implicit time of cone response was delayed in eyes with moderate NPDR to high risk proliferative diabetic retinopathy[PDR]. The b-wave amplitude of rod response was reduced in eyes with mild to moderate NPDR.The a-wave amplitude of maximal combined response significantly decreased between severe NPDR and early PDR.
Diabetic Retinopathy* ; Electroretinography

Laser interferometry is used to evaluate the retinal visual function in the eyes with media opacity. Although interferometric acuity was known to be useful to predict postoperative Snellen acuity following cataract extraction, the results are somewhat confusing in the eyes with retinal diseases. The author measured interferometric acuity in 43 eyes from 32 patients who were affected by retinal diseases involving macula and had clear ocular media. Average interferometric acuity was 0.47. Hahn's acuity was 0.46 and correlation index between two acuities was 0.64 meaning moderate degree of correlation. Interferometric acuities were better than Hahn's acuity in 23 eyes(53.5%) and worse in 12 eyes(27.9%). Our results suggest that in eyes with macular lesion, interferometric acuity is not sufficient to predict Hahn's acuity although it has some degree of correlation. Therefore, in order to predict the postoperative visual acuity in eyes with media opacity and probable macular lesion, it will be necessary to combine other useful modalities.
Cataract Extraction ; Humans ; Interferometry ; Retinal Diseases* ; Retinaldehyde* ; Visual Acuity*

Electroretinography has been used clinically for more than 50 years as useful retinal function test. But there has been no uniform recording signals, since various laboratories have employed different technologies and recording condition. Therefore, in 1989, International Society for clinical Electrophysiology of Vision (ISCEV) published Standard for clinical ERG, to ensure that ERG performed simply and uniformly worldwide for clinical and research purpose. We performed this standard ERG to 100 normal subjects whose range of ages were 8-79 years old. We obtained normal values of standard 5 basic response parameter. Additionally, we studied the parameter change according to age and sex. We found significantly decreased amplitude in the b-wave with age (p<0.05), and also obtained decreased rate b-wave amplitude with age. But no relation between b-wave implicit time and change of age was noted. B-wave amplitude found to be higher in women than in men (p<0.05).
Electrophysiology ; Electroretinography* ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Reference Values* ; Retinaldehyde

The authors experienced a case of 54 years old female patient who had sudden loss of vision in her right eye following intranasal ethmoidectomy. The computer tomography of orbit showed that RMR muscle was entrapped to medial orbital wall and optic nerve was strained and deviated to medial wall. The fluorescein angiogram showed central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) in that eye.
Female ; Fluorescein ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Optic Nerve ; Orbit ; Retinal Artery Occlusion* ; Retinal Artery*

The authors experienced a case of 54 years old female patient who had sudden loss of vision in her right eye following intranasal ethmoidectomy. The computer tomography of orbit showed that RMR muscle was entrapped to medial orbital wall and optic nerve was strained and deviated to medial wall. The fluorescein angiogram showed central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) in that eye.
Female ; Fluorescein ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Optic Nerve ; Orbit ; Retinal Artery Occlusion* ; Retinal Artery*

PURPOSE: We report a case of head injury patient that showed a typical glucose hypometabolism in Positron Emission Tomogram(PET). But that case shows no abnormal finding in ophthalmological and radiological study except homonymous hemianopsia. METHODS: A 22 year-old female patient was referred for the ophthalmologic handicap check-up. She had past history of brain injury by traffic accident an 1 year ago. Her corrected visual acuity was 1.0 and IOP was normal. She did not show the opthalmologic, neurologic abnormality, and electrophysiologic examination except for the left homonymous hemianopsia on visual field test. Computerized Tomogram(CT) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging(MRI) study show no abnormalities. Positron Emission Tomogram(PET) was performed to find an visual cortical lesion. RESULTS: Positron Emission Tomogram(PET) show diffuse hypometabolism in the bilateral posterior frontoparietal cortex and associated hypometabolism in the visual cortex.
Accidents, Traffic ; Brain Injuries ; Craniocerebral Trauma* ; Electrons* ; Female ; Glucose ; Head* ; Hemianopsia ; Humans ; Visual Acuity ; Visual Cortex ; Visual Field Tests ; Visual Fields* ; Young Adult

The lymphangioma is a benign vascular tumor and, like hemangioma, represents a hamartomatous growths. The site of predilection include the head, neck. and axillae. Lymphangiomas tend to involve the bulbar conjunctiva as well as the eyelid and orbit. Histopathologieally three types of lymphangioma are encountered: demal, cavernous and cystit types. The clinical signs are proptosis, diffuse hematoma of eyelid and subconjunctival hemorrhage. Asymptomatic cases can be observed. The authors experienced a case of multiple lymphangiomas on the right supraorbital area in a 14-year-old man and reported light microscopic and electron microscopic findings of the lymphangioma.
Adolescent ; Axilla ; Conjunctiva ; Exophthalmos ; Eyelids ; Head ; Hemangioma ; Hematoma ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Lymphangioma* ; Neck ; Orbit

The retinal blood bessels exit the optic disc and branch in a complex pattern to serve the metabolic need of the inner retina. As the vessels traverse the retina, the arteries and veins frequently cross one another. Recently, there has been renewed iterest in the orientation of the crossing retinal vessels at arteriovenous intersections, particularly as it relates to the risk of branch retinal vein occlusion. The authors studied standard fundus photographs of 30 subjects(60 eyes) who don't habve any retinal and systemic disorders. Arteriovenous crossings were analized for fundus location and relative orientation of the crossing vessels(vein-posterior or vein-anterior). In the superotemporal quadrant, A-V crossings were a greater number, distributed closer to the optic disc than the inferotemporal quadrant. Also a greater proportion of crossings was vein-posterior than the inferotemporal quadrant. These findings may explain the predilection for branch retinal vein occlusions to occur frequency in the superotemporal quadrant.
Arteries ; Retina* ; Retinal Vein Occlusion ; Retinal Vessels ; Retinaldehyde ; Veins