Stomach carcinoma is more common disease in korea than western contries. The reported ultrasonographicfindings of gastric carcinoma were thickening of gastric wall and “pseudokidney” sign. The auther analizedultrasonographic findings of 101 cases with gastric carcinoma who were performed ultrasonography and gastroscopyat Kyung Hee Universtiy Hospital from Oct. 1982 to Oct. 1985. The results were as followings; 1. Types of gastriccarcinoma were consisted with infiltrative type 68 cases, infiltrative type with ulceration 16 cases, polypoidtype with ulceration 1 cases, infiltrative and polypoid type 4 cases, linities plastica type 3 cases, lcerativetype 1 case and polypoid type 1 case. 2. Extent of the lesions were in body and antrum 45 cases, entire stomach 18cases, antrum 18 cases, body 12 cases, body and fundus 6 cases. 3. Ultrasonography was useful in demonstrating theextent of the tumor and the presence of materials elsewhere in abdoment.
Korea ; Stomach ; Ulcer ; Ultrasonography

The authors report a xase of primary non-gestational choriocarcinoma(PNGCO) of the ovary in a prepubertal female patient and reviewed. It is an extremely rere disease of which incidence is one in 369 million. Major clinical symptom is abdominal pain, precociois puberty and it can be misdiagneosed as ectopic pergnancy. Distinction from gestational choriocarcinoma(GCO) of the ovary is important because of the worse prognosis of PNGCO. But no distinctive ultrastructural or immunohistochemical differences are found between PNGCO and GCO. Most acceptable treatment modality is an aggressive surgical therapy and systemic chemotherapy, but its progrosis is poor.
Abdominal Pain ; Adolescent ; Choriocarcinoma, Non-gestational* ; Drug Therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Ovary* ; Prognosis ; Puberty

There have been many debates concerning operative decompression of treatment of thoracolumbar burst fractures with retropulsed bone fragment. From March 1988 to February 1992, authors treated thirty-three thoracolumbar burst fractures by using transpedicular screw fixation and posterior fusion via the posterior approach. We attempted to reduce retropulsed fragment by ligamentotaxis alone and not to do posterolateral nor anterior decompression. After the reduction of fractured spine by posterior instrumentation, we tried to determine the efficiency of reduction of the retropulsed fragment by ligamentaxis along. As a method, we compared the change of anteroposterior, transverse to diameter and area of spinal canal of fractured spine between preoperative and the postoperative situation. The results were as follows; 1. The mean anteroposterior and transverse diameter of the spinal canal on computed tomogram film was 10.1mm & 21.8mm preoperatively & 12.4mm & 23.2mm postoperatively, showing an increase. 2. The area of spinal canal of involved spine on CT film was evaluated preoperatively & post-operatively, the mean spinal canal invasion rate decreased from 36.3% preoperatively to 14.3% postoperatively. 3. The degree of reduction of middle height on plain x-ray and reduction of spinal canal invasion on computed tomogram were statistically correlated(p < 0.01). 4. There was no correlation between the degree of canal narrowing and degree of neurologic impairment. also, there was no correlation between the reduction of retropulsed fragments and subsequent neurologic impairment. 5. There was the relatively satisfactory enlargement of the spinal canal on computed tomogram at the follow-up So we suggest that it is possible to get enough decompression through reduction of retropulsed fragment by ligamen to taxis alone without posterolateral decompression.
Decompression ; Follow-Up Studies ; Methods ; Spinal Canal ; Spine

Authors analyzed CT findings of 8 patients with tuberculous lymphadenitis and one case of tuberculous abscessdiagnosed surgically or clinically. The results were as follows; 1. Soft tissue density masses were noted in 8patients in paraaortic, mesenteric, peripancreatic, celiac, porta hepatis, and esophagogastric junction areas inorder of frequency, and these correspond to lylmph node groups of the same name. On contrast enhanced CT, rimenhancement with multilocular low dinsties indicating caseous necrosis were noted in 3 patients, ill defined lowdensities were seen in 3 patients, and no definite changes were noted in 2 patients. 2. Two or more lymph nodegroups were involved in 6 patients, and one lymph node group was involved in two patients. 3. A huge cystic masswith relatively irregular rim enhancement and small anount of solid component occupied nearly entire upper abdomenin 1 patient and this was confiremd as tuberculous abscess in peritoneum. 4. In 2 cases, bowel wall thickening wassuggested in cecum, ascending colon, and terminal ileum.
Abdominal Cavity ; Abscess ; Cecum ; Colon, Ascending ; Esophagogastric Junction ; Humans ; Ileum ; Lymph Nodes ; Necrosis ; Peritoneum ; Tuberculosis, Lymph Node

The authors analyse the ultrasonographic findings of 10 cases of appendiceal mucocele retrospectively. In atotal of 10 cases, 6 cases showed only cystic masses with posterior reinforcement. The remaining 4 cases showedinternal echoes in the cystic masses. Differential diagnosis of mucocele from periappendiceal abscess is notpossible in ultrasound. The possibility of mucocele shold be considered if cystic mass in right lower quadrantabdomen is observed in ultrasound.
Abscess ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Mucocele ; Retrospective Studies ; Ultrasonography

Postoperative chylothorax following an injury to the thoracic duct during an esophagectomy is a rare, but severe complication, which may lead to serious problems, such as loss of fat and proteins, as well as immunodeficiency. Left untreated, the rate of mortality can rise to over 50%. Herein, 3 patients were treated with a postoperative chylothorax following 280 resections of the esophagus (0.1%). One patient underwent a direct injured thoracic duct ligation by a re-thoracotomy. In the other two patients, relaparotomy and transabdominal double ligation of the thoracic duct were performed. After ligation of the abdominal thoracic duct, the average amount of chyle was markedly reduced. Two patients were discharge from hospital without problems after 36 and 30 days, respectively. Ligation of the thoracic duct, via a relaparotomy, appears to be a simple and safe method for the treatment postoperative chylothorax.
Chyle ; Chylothorax* ; Esophagectomy* ; Esophagus ; Humans ; Ligation* ; Mortality ; Thoracic Duct*

The survival of patients with gastric cancer is improved by early diagnosis and surgical treatment. However, there is no established treatment for locally recurrent cancer or cancer arising at an anastomotic site after total gastrectomy; further, most surgeons are reluctant to resect this type of cancer because of frequent systemic metastasis and there are few competent surgeons who have the skill to perform such an operation. We have experienced recurrent cancer at an anastomotic site after total gastrectomy: one patient had recurrent cancer and two patients had metachronous cancer. All these patients were operated on and the patients were discharged without any complications. All of them are alive at the time of this report. In some cases, good results could be expected for operating on recurrent cancer of an anastomotic site after previous total gastrectomy. So, we present here our experience along with a review of literatures.
Early Diagnosis ; Gastrectomy ; Humans ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Stomach Neoplasms

The Brunner's gland adenoma is characterized by a nodular proliferation of histologically normal Brunner's gland, accompanied by ducts and scattered stromal elements. First descrived by Salvioli in 1876, the tumor is relatively rare, with 119 cases reported by 1977, The most common benign tumor of the small bowel is the adenoma, 25% of which occur in the duodenum. They make up 30% to 50% of all hyperplastic polyps of the duodenum. Most frequently these tumors are discovered in patients in the fourth to sixed decades of life, though the age in reported caes ranges from l 1 days to 80 years. The benign tumors of the duodenum 30% to 50% contain elements of Brunner's gland and 10.6% of them are adenomas of Brunner's gland. We report a case of Brunner's gland adenoma treated by endoscopic polypectomy in 63 year-old woman, and reviewed the literatues of adenoma of the Brunne'r gland.
Adenoma* ; Duodenum ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Polyps

OBJECTIVE: To determine if the placental size is disproportionately increased in the large-for-gestational age infants in pregnancies complicated by impaired glucose tolerance controlled with insulin. PATIENS AND METHODS: A retrospective study was performed on 104 singleton pregnancies complicated by gestational impaired glucose tolerance controlled with insulin. The cases were categorized by the infant birthweight percentile into three groups, i.e. small-for-gestational age (<10(th) percentile), appropriate-for- gestational age (10(th) to 90(th) percentile) and large-for-gestational age (>90th percentile). Maternal and infant anthropometric data, glycemic status, and placental weight-to-birthweight ratio were compared among three groups. RESULTS: The maternal glucose level just after delivery, infant body mass index and placental weight showed a significant increment from the small-for-gestational age to the large-for-gestational age groups (p<0.05). The placental weight-to-birthweight ratio was significantly higher in the small-for-gestational group. On the other hand, there was no significant difference in the values of the oral glucose test, hemoglobin A1c and maternal body mass index among three groups. Maternal body mass index showed a increasing trend from the small-for gestational age to the large-for-gestational age groups. Placental weight-to-birthweight ratio was not significantly correlate with maternal glucose level. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate that the placenta is disproportionately bigger, and rigid control of maternal blood glucose does not prevent the development of placental overgrowth. Maternal obesity in well- controlled gestational diabetes mellitus may be more significant than glucose control in the development of large-for-gestational-age infants. Different management strategies for women with gestational diabetes mellitus with different pregravid weights are warranted.
Blood Glucose ; Body Mass Index ; Diabetes, Gestational* ; Female ; Gestational Age ; Glucose ; Hand ; Humans ; Infant* ; Insulin* ; Obesity ; Placenta ; Pregnancy ; Retrospective Studies ; Weights and Measures

Staphylococcus aureus is able to utilize efficiently transferrin-bound iron as an iron source, whereas other staphylococci are not. The reason for this difference remains unclear. We compared the activity of siderophore-mediated iron-uptake systems among S. aureus, S. epidermidis, and S. saprophyticus. S. aureus was more susceptible to streptonigrin than the other two staphylococci. S. aureus was able to utilize efficiently transferrin-bound iron in proportion to the level of iron-saturation and produced siderophores in an inverse relation to iron-saturation. In contrast to S. aureus, S. epidermidis and S. saprophyticus were able to utilize only holotransferrin (HT; about 80% iron- saturated) and produced siderophores only in media containing HT. Moreover, they utilized HT less efficiently than S. aureus, though they produced greater amount of siderophores than S. aureus in media containing HT. The ability of the equivalent siderophores per se to capture iron from HT was not significantly different among the three species. Nevertheless, the siderophores from S. aureus stimulated the growth of the staphylococci to a greater degree than did the siderophores from S. epidermidis and S. saprophyticus. The siderophores from S. epidermidis and S. saprophyticus also stimulated the growth of S. aureus to a greater degree than those of the original bacteria which produced them. This indicates that S. aureus possesses a greater ability to produce more-efficient siderophores responding to very low iron-availability, as well as a greater ability to utilize iron-siderophore complexes, than the other two staphylococci. This explains in part the higher virulence of S. aureus compared to other staphylococci.
Bacteria ; Iron* ; Siderophores ; Staphylococcus aureus ; Streptonigrin ; Transferrin ; Virulence