No abstract available.
Child* ; Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome* ; Humans

No abstract available.
Humans ; Infant, Newborn* ; Leukocytes*

Background: Cardiac tamponade results in a hemodynamic disorder associated with decreased cardiac output and blood pressure. To improve cardiac output in a subject with cardiac tamponade, cardiotonic drugs and vasodilators with blood volume expander can be used. The purpose of this study was to observe the hemodynamic effects of cardiotonic drugs and vasodilators following administration of plasma expander in the dogs with cardiac tamponade. Method: Three groups of dogs were studied during the induced cardiac tamponade. Following infusion of pentastarch, group I received dobutamine by dripping of 10 microg/kg/min, followed by injection of 20 microg/kg/min, group II received hydralazine (20 mg, 40 mg) and group III received sodium nitroprusside (5 microg/kg/min, 10 microg/kg/min). The heart rate, blood pressure, cardiac output and pulmonary arterial occluded pressure were measured. The atrial transmural pressure was calculated by subtracting intrapericardial pressure from mean atrial pressure. Results: Cardiac output was increased in the groups I and II, but mean arterial pressure was increased in only the group I. Atrial transmural pressure was not changed in all three groups. Conclusion: The most pronounced hemodynamic improvements during the cardiac tamponade is observed in group I with pentastarch-dobutamine combination.
Animals ; Arterial Pressure ; Atrial Pressure ; Blood Pressure ; Blood Volume ; Cardiac Output ; Cardiac Tamponade* ; Cardiotonic Agents ; Dobutamine* ; Dogs* ; Heart Rate ; Hemodynamics* ; Hydralazine* ; Hydroxyethyl Starch Derivatives* ; Nitroprusside* ; Plasma ; Vasodilator Agents

No abstract available.
Tuberculosis, Renal*

The development of endotracheal tubes with high-volume and low-pressure cuffs has decreas ed the incidence of associated tracheal injury. If room air used for inflation of the cuff during general anesthesia using N2O-O2, mixtures, however, endotracheal tube cuff result in distention and potential pressure changes. Therefore, tracheal pressure injury may occur during long general anesthesia(especially, head and neck surgery). For the prevention of this problems and the determination of proper methods, we performed this study relating to nitrous oxide diffusion into a gas filled endotracheal tube cuff.
Anesthesia, General ; Diffusion ; Head ; Incidence ; Inflation, Economic ; Neck ; Nitrous Oxide*

No abstract available.
Anti-Bacterial Agents* ; Dysentery, Bacillary*

No abstract available.
Retroperitoneal Fibrosis*

BACKGROUND: The measurement of perfusion is very important to understand the physiology of the tissue level. The QFlow(TM)400 perfusion measurement system is able to measure local tissue perfusion. The aim of this study was to validate thermal diffusion microprobe (TDM) in estimating myocardial blood flow during coronary artery occlusion and reperfusion in an animal beating heart model. METHODS: A total of 5 mongrel dogs were entered into the study. A left thoracotomy was performed under general anesthesia. After the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) was exposed, a TDM was inserted in the myocardium at the exposed LAD distributed area. The local myocardial perfusion was measured before, during and after LAD occlusion. To find the usefulness of TDM in a beating heart, k values were checked during the study. The k value or tissue conductivity should not exceed 6.23 mW/cmoC in this system. RESULTS: All the k values were below 6.23 mW/cmdegreesC in this study. Baseline local myocardial perfusion was 52.0 +/- 18.3 ml/min/100 g. During LAD occlusion, the local myocardial perfusion was decreased to 18.4 +/- 12.0 ml/min/100 g. At 10, 20 and 30 minutes after LAD reperfusion, the perfusion was recovered to 38.5 +/- 23.2, 27.2 +/- 17.4 and 36.2 +/- 17.2 ml/min/100 g, respectively, but the values at 20 and 30 minutes of reperfusion were significantly lower compared to baseline value. CONCLUSIONS: We could use the QFlow(TM)400 perfusion measurement system to measure myocardial injury produced by ischemia and subsequent reperfusion in a beating heart. With this system, we found that the local myocardial perfusion was not recovered to the baseline level in early state of the coronary reperfusion.
Anesthesia, General ; Animals ; Coronary Vessels* ; Dogs ; Heart* ; Ischemia ; Myocardial Reperfusion ; Myocardium ; Perfusion* ; Physiology ; Reperfusion* ; Thermal Diffusion* ; Thoracotomy

No abstract available.
Humans

No abstract available.
Abscess* ; Drainage*