BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to identify the clinical and radiological outcomes of hook plate fixation for lateral end fracture of the clavicle and acromioclavicular dislocation. METHODS: There were a total of 20 cases with lateral end fracture of the clavicle and 16 cases with acromioclavicular dislocation. All patients were evaluated for range of motion, functional score by using Constant score, and American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons shoulder index at just before implant removal and at final follow-up. Coracoclavicular distance was measured in acromioclavicular dislocation and bony union was evaluated in the lateral end fracture of the clavicle. RESULTS: The clinical outcomes and range of motion were increased at the final follow-up compared with just before implant removal in both the lateral end fracture of the clavicle and acromioclavicular dislocation. In acromioclavicular dislocation, all cases—except one—showed maintenance of reduction after implant removal. Moreover, in the lateral end fracture of the clavicle, all cases—except one—showed bony union. CONCLUSIONS: Hook plate fixation in the lateral end fracture of the clavicle and acromioclavicular dislocation resulted in good clinical and radiological results.
Clavicle* ; Dislocations* ; Elbow ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Shoulder ; Surgeons

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The introduction of Hansenula polymorpha for recombinant hepatitis B vaccine production allowed high product yield with plasmid stability and less glycosylation than conventional Saccharomyces cerevisiae system. A Green Cross HG-II vaccine formulated from HBsAg produced by a recombinant strain of the yeast H. polymorpha was evaluated for immunogenicity and safety in an open label triaL METHOFD: A 20 ug dose of Green Cross HG-II vaccine was administered intramuscularly at 0, 1 and 6 months at the deltoid region in 118 healthy adults seronegative for HBV markers. The anti-HBs titers were determined at one month after administration of the third dose of vaccine by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS: The seroconversion rate was 96.8% (90 out of 93), with seroprotective rate of 95.7% (89 out of 93). The geometric mean titers(GMT) of the anti-HBs response was 153.1mIU/ml in seroconverters. An age-dependent effect was observed in the anti-HBs response. But sex-dependent effect was not prominent. Reactogenecity was in incidence and general reactions were short-lasting and a mainly mild in severity. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study have shown that the Green Cross HG-II vaccine is safe and clinically well tolerated, a nd that it may provide protection against HBV infection.
Adult* ; Glycosylation ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; Hepatitis B Vaccines* ; Hepatitis B* ; Hepatitis* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Pichia ; Plasmids ; Radioimmunoassay ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; Yeasts

Gangweon-do is known to be highly endemic area of sparganosis more than other provinces in Korea. A seroepidmiologic examination for the detection of anti-Spirometra erinacei plerocercoid IgG in serum was carried out in normal inhabitants in Hongcheon-gun, Gangweon-do. Sere were tested by enzyme-linked immunosrobent assay (ELISA) for the anti-sparganum antibodies. Positive rate for anti-sparganum antibody in 719 adults was 3.3%. Data of the questionnaire for 24 ELISA positive inhabitants revealed that 20 had a history of eating raw meat of snakes, 24 had a history of eating frogs, and 24 had a history of drinking stream water. Two positive cases had a past history of sparganosis. Two positive cases showed current symptoms of sparganosis. The data revealed that ELISA would be useful to find infected cases among normal inhabitants at sparganosis-endemic areas.
Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Animals ; Antibodies, Helminth/*blood ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Female ; Human ; Immunoglobulin G/*blood ; Korea/epidemiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Seroepidemiologic Studies ; Sparganosis/*epidemiology ; Spirometra/*immunology

No abstract available.
Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active* ; Humans ; RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase*

No abstract available.
Arteriovenous Fistula* ; Telangiectasia, Hereditary Hemorrhagic*

Minoxidil is a potent direct-acting peripheral vasodilator indicated in the management of severe or refractory hypertension. Well-known adverse effects include reflex tachycardia, fluid retention and hypertrichosis. This drug has also been reported to cause pericardial effusion in about three percent of nondialyzed patients with compromised renal function and to cause cardiac tamponade less frequently. Many studies have reported that the mean duration of therapy that caused pericardial effusion was about 8 months (range 1 month-53 months). We report a case of cardiac tamponade in nondialyzed patient with chronic renal failure receiving minoxidil for 10 years. A 58-year-old female was admitted to our hospital with dyspnea of NYHA III. She was a chronic renal failure patient without dialysis treatment and received kidney transplantation from cadaver donor and was dignosed chronic rejection in 1994. Minoxidil 10mg has been used for past 10 years. Lasix has been used for past 2 years, with dosage of 40mg to 240mg. On admission, blood pressure was 90/60mm Hg. Cardiomegaly was seen on chest radiograph. The two-dimensional echocardiogram showed a large amount of pericardial effusion. Emergency treatment with pericardiocentesis removed 2500ml of straw- colored pericardial fluid and resulted in marked improvement of dyspnea and stabilized blood pressure. The minoxidil was discontinued. The evidence of pericardial effusion was not seen for 12 months after minoxidil had been discontinued.
Blood Pressure ; Cadaver ; Cardiac Tamponade* ; Cardiomegaly ; Dialysis ; Dyspnea ; Emergency Treatment ; Female ; Furosemide ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Hypertrichosis ; Kidney Failure, Chronic* ; Kidney Transplantation ; Middle Aged ; Minoxidil* ; Pericardial Effusion ; Pericardiocentesis ; Radiography, Thoracic ; Reflex ; Tachycardia ; Tissue Donors

We performed 15 cases of modified Bristow procedures for recurrent anterior instability of shoulder from january, 1987 to december, 1992 and the following results were obtained. 1. The patient's age at initial dislocation varied from 15 years to 29 years of age. 2. The most common cause of the recurrent anterior instability of shoulder was sport injury(6 cases) and next were traffic accident, hanging with one hand. 3. The average loss of external rotation of shoulder after operation were 10 degrees and internal rotation were 7 degrees. 4. The post-operative complication and recurrence were not observed. 5. End results were excellent in 7 and good in 5 by Rowe's grading system. 6. Strict attention to bone block placement was mandatory and decreased the risk of screw malpo-sition.
Accidents, Traffic ; Dislocations ; Hand ; Recurrence ; Shoulder ; Sports

PURPOSE: This study examined the mediating effects of self-esteem and resilience on the relationship between internalized stigma and quality of life in people with schizophrenia.METHODS: The participants were 123 people with schizophrenia (mean age = 41.87 years; 62.6% men) recruited from Soonchunhyang university hospital, a mental health center, and daytime rehabilitation facilities located in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province in South Korea. Using a cross-sectional survey, participants completed structured questionnaires with psychometric adequacy. The regression method of Baron and Kenny was used to test the mediating effects of self-esteem and resilience on the relationship between internalized stigma and quality of life.RESULTS: Self-esteem and resilience were found to be full and partial mediators, respectively, in the relationship between internalized stigma and quality of life.CONCLUSION: The findings of this study imply that effective future intervention strategies should target improvements in self-esteem and resilience to reduce the negative impact of internalized stigma on the quality of life of people with schizophrenia.
Cross-Sectional Studies ; Gyeonggi-do ; Korea ; Mental Health ; Methods ; Negotiating ; Psychometrics ; Quality of Life ; Rehabilitation ; Resilience, Psychological ; Schizophrenia ; Seoul ; Social Stigma

Status epilepticus has been occasionally reported as a cause of acute disseminated intravascular coagulation(DIC), but little is known regarding the pathogenesis of this uncommon association. The occurrence of DIC in status epilepticus may be related to widespread endothelial damage secondary to seizure-induced hyperpyrexia or status epilepticus due to high fever. We experienced two cases of status epilepticus accompanying fever in which laboratory data demonstrated activation of coagulation and fibrinolytic systems in a 3-year-old girl and a 12-month-old boy. There was no evidence of infection, trauma, brain damage, or toxic ingestion as alternative explanations for the consumptive coagulopathy. Hematologic parameters did not improve despite multiple transfusions of red blood cells, pletelets, and fresh frozen plasma. Body temperature should be monitored closely in patients with status epilepticus and efforts directed toward prompt lowering of body temperature to prevent the development of consumption coagulopathy.
Body Temperature ; Brain Injuries ; Child, Preschool ; Dacarbazine ; Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation* ; Eating ; Erythrocytes ; Female ; Fever* ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Plasma ; Status Epilepticus*

BACKGROUND: In Korea, the effort to control the spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) has succeeded, but we have to maintain vigilance against SARS and other infectious diseases, because many experts warn that SARS may return or that other infectious agents could spread globally. The purpose of this study is to describe the degree of knowledge of hospital employees, assuming full responsibility for treating and attending to SARS suspected case, and to elucidate the attitude to SARS using questionnaires. METHOD: All employees of Kangwon university hospital were eligible for this study. We used validated questionnaires to survey demographic characteristics, the degree of knowledge of SARS, intention of treating and attending suspected cases, influence and effects of SARS on the community, and acquisition of information about SARS. RESULT: Based on the 251 completed surveys, out of 280 returned the score for knowledge about SARS was 72.0+/-13.7, 50.6% responded positively about joining a SARS team, and 23.1% were opposed to the designation for quarantining. There was no relationship between the degree of knowledge of SARS and the attitudes to it. Most employees wanted to know how to manage SARS patients and how to prevent SARS. CONCLUSION: The attitudes to SARS were not affected by the level of knowledge of SARS. We suggest that national policies about SARS and other infectious diseases should be promulgated using the mass media and internet to provide information on rapidly spreading infectious agents, especially about the proper protocol for treating suspected cases and the appropriate steps to prevent or reduce the risk.
Communicable Diseases ; Gangwon-do ; Humans ; Intention ; Internet ; Korea ; Mass Media ; Quarantine ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome