A and B blood type isoantigens were investigated in 17 cases surrounding bladder cancer by means of the specific red cell adherence test (SRCA). The tissue specimen were classified into positive, intermediate and negative groups according to SR CA reaction of the primary tumors. The histologically normal epithelium was SRCA-positive in 86.2 % of the specimens in the positive group and 70.0% in the negative, group; for hyperplastic epithelium it was 76.4 % and 50.0% and for the dysplastic epithelium it was 60.0% and 53.3 % respectively. The results may indicate that dedifferentiation expressed as the loss of blood group isoantigens has occurred in the histologically benign epithelium of the tumor-bearing bladders and that its occurrences is frequent in the bladder, associated with SRCA-negative tumors.
Epithelium* ; Isoantigens* ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms

A new method of urinary diversion via Skinner`s modification of Koch continent ileal reservoir was tried. With this method continence with storage of urine under low pressure is well maintained so that no external applicances are necessary. Ileorenal reflux is also prevented with this nipple forming technique. From May l986 to September l986, 4 patients underwent urinary diversion that included creation of a modified Koch pouch by Skinner. Previous urinary diversion was by ureterocutaneous diversion in 1 patient. A total of 3 patients underwent radical cystectomies for bladder cancer In 1 patient, simultaneous urethrectomy was done because of carcinoma in situ in the urethra. There were no operative mortalities. All patients are continent and without reflux to the upper urinary tract. The volume capacity of pouch is more than 400ml. The pouch is emptied by self-catheterization every 4 to 6 hours during the day and once at night. Postoperative follow-up presently is short and it is impossible to check late complications. Although preliminary, this clinical trial suggests that the quality of life for patients can be improved markedly by the modified Koch continent ileal reservoir.
Carcinoma in Situ ; Colonic Pouches* ; Cystectomy ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Mortality ; Nipples ; Quality of Life ; Urethra ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ; Urinary Diversion ; Urinary Tract

LPS and IFN-r induce nitric oxide synthase in macrophages and the resultant NO causes apoptotic cell death in the activated macrophages. NO production and apoptosis were inhibited by N-monomethyl L-arginine (NMMA), a competitive inhibitor of NO synthase. To study the role of BCL-X proteins, RAW 264.7 cells were transfected with the expression vectors with human bcl-Xl or bcl-Xs cDNAs, respectively. Stable transfectants were selected and confirmed by RT-PCR. NO production in response to LPS and IFN-r caused apoptosis in RAW 264.7 cells and vector transfected control cells within 24 hr. Both NO production and apoptosis were inhibited by N(G)-monomethyl L-arginine (NMMA). In contrast, bcl-Xs transfectant appeared slightly susceptible and bcl-X(L)< transfectant appeared slightly resistant, although NO production was similar to control cells. These results suggest that bcl-X proteins play roles in both positive and negative regulation of apoptosis induced by NO.
Apoptosis* ; Arginine ; bcl-X Protein* ; Cell Death ; DNA, Complementary ; Humans ; Macrophages* ; Nitric Oxide ; Nitric Oxide Synthase

No abstract available.
Angiomyolipoma*

No abstract available.
Down Syndrome* ; Humans ; Twins, Monozygotic*

OBJECTIVE: Diurnal preference is an attribute reflecting whether people are alert and preferring to be active either early or late in the day. It also referred to as chronotype or morningness-eveningness trait. The PER3 genes have been known to influence diurnal preference. In this study, we have investigated the associations between the PER3 gene polymorphisms and diurnal preference in a healthy young population, controlling for the social and environmental confounding factors. METHODS: The participants in this experiment included 299 unrelated medical college students (M=191, F=108), with a mean age of 22.9 years. Diurnal preference was measured by a single administration of the 13-item Composite Scale for Morningness (CSM). Genotyping of the PER3 VNTR (rs57875989) was performed using polymerase chain reaction. A two-tailed alpha of 0.05 was chosen. RESULTS: The mean+/-SD score on the CSM scale for all subjects was 31.90+/-6.39. There was no significant difference in total CSM score between gender groups, although females showed a trend towards higher morningness score. Although PER3 5R/5R showed the tendency towards high CSM scores, there were no significant differences on CSM scores among genotypes and allele status of PER3 VNTR (rs57875989). CONCLUSIONS: We could not confirm that the PER3 VNTR is associated with diurnal preference in a Korean healthy young population. The future studies need to investigate the association between diurnal preference and other polymorphisms of PER3 gene in larger sample of Korean young healthy population.
Alleles ; Female ; Genotype ; Humans ; Polymerase Chain Reaction

This is a case report of a pheochromocytoma which developed in a 62-year-old woman. The diagnosis of a pheochromocytoma originating from the right adrenal gland was incidentally established rentgenologically. Transthoracic adrenalectomy was undertaken, and e tumor weighing 33gm was obtained. A case of an elderly person with a nonfunctioning pheochromocytoma is with presented with review of the literature.
Adrenal Glands ; Adrenalectomy ; Aged* ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Pheochromocytoma*

Changes of power spectrum of R-R interval variabilty during recovery from N2O-O2 - halothane anesthesia have been studied in 20 patients. Power spectral analysis of R-R intervals during awake period and recovery period have been performed with newly developed R-R interval variability, we compared the power of each frequency range(low: 0.04-0.08 Hz, middle 0.10-0.15 Hz, high: above 0.3 Hz) between awake period and recovery period. There was no difference between awake period and recovery period in the power of low and high frequency ranges, but there was remarkable difference in power of midfrequency range. During awake period the power of midfrequency range changed with cyclic pattern, but there was no cyclic change during recovery period even after the regain of consciounss(30+/-3.2 min.). The power of midfrequency range during recovery period began to change with cyclic pattern only after 45 minutes. It is concluded that the power of midfrequency range is useful index of recovery from N2O-O2 -halothane anesthesia.
Anesthesia* ; Halothane ; Humans

Analysis of R-R interal variability is a useful method of obtaining many information about cardiovascular control mechanisms. Among the many methods of analyzing R-R variability, power spectral analysis(PSA) is said to be the most powerful and acurate tool. Although application of computer techniques in analysing R-R interval variability were introduced, as most of the studies on the R-R interval variability have been off-line and invasively, they were not suitable for practical use. So we prepared a program for non-invasive on-line perioperative assessment of R-R interval variability. We used Turbo C++(ver 1.0, Borland International, USA) and Turbo Assembler(ver 2.0, Borland International, USA) for programing. Data were collected by A/D converter(PCL 718,, Taiwan) by interrupt mode and transferred to TBM386 compatibie computer with VGA color monitor. By applying PSA to R-R interval variation, we can get an almost as confident information about the cardiovascular system as analysis of arterial waveform, In addition to this we can get data that requires very reduced momory size, and get them non-invasively. So analysing R- R interval variability may be the most suitable method for on-line continuous assessment of cardiac parameters.
Cardiovascular System

In recent years pulmonary function teste have had a wide application in clinical pulmonary diseases. By combining a number of different pulmonary function tests, abnormality present in a particular pa tient can be defined. This narrows the list of possible diagnosis and allows to determine accurately the degree of impairment and assess the pesponse to therapy. To assess the pulmonary function in a patient and label as abnormal, it becomes important to define the range of expected values for a normal population. These normal'predicted values'vary according to sex and prowth, i.e., age, height, and weight, particularly in children. In addition, race and geography have been consistently shown to bc an important determinant of lung function. In order to obtain normal perdicted values of pulmonary function tests in Korean school-aged children, we performed spirometry-based pulmonary function tests on the normal healthy 2022 children, age from 6 through 15, and analyzed the data, with the parameters such as sex, age, height, weight, and body surface area. We calculated each of their simple and complex linear and logarithmic regression equations setting the predicted values. The results are as follows: 1) Predicted values of pulmonary function test items were generally higher in boys than those of girls. 2) A correlation coefficient to the parameters examined was the highest in FEV1, then those of FVC, FEF25,PEFR, FEF50, MMEF, AND FEF75 follow in order. 3) Of the parameters examined, height had the highest correlation coefficient consistently in all pulmonary function test items. 4) As compared with the inland and overseas data, some differences were observed.
Body Surface Area ; Child* ; Continental Population Groups ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Geography ; Humans ; Lung ; Lung Diseases ; Respiratory Function Tests*