No abstract available.
B-Lymphocytes* ; Humans* ; Interleukins*

No abstract available.
B-Lymphocytes* ; Humans* ; Interleukins*

Medial orbital wall fracture was described by Converse and Smith in the first time in 1957. These fractures which comprise more than 30% of all the orbital wall fracture are may easily be overlooked in routine orbital radiology. Accordingly, examination with orbital CT is essential for accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment. These type of fracture are followed frequently by post-oprative complication such as diplopia and enophthalmos because it is very difficult to approach to orbital medial was in these operations. The mechanism of the orbital wall fractures are abruptly increased hydraulic pressure by sudden impact on orbital rim or soft tissue of orbital region. So patients who show the signs of subcutaneous emphysema, edema on the orbital region or diplopia need to get through examination with orbital CT for accurate diagnosis and immediate reconstruction of the fractured orbital wall. Conventional approaches in the operations of the orbital medial wall fractures are that with bicoronal incision, subciliary incision, transconjunctival incision and infra-orbital rim incision. But, approach with bicoronary incision, needs broader dissection and longer time for operation. Operations with transconjunctival incision and that with subciliary incision have difficulty to approach to fractured sites. Operations with other conventional methods may be also followed by scar problem. The authors performed reduction and reconstruction of the fractured orbital medial wall fractures successfully without any complications and difficulties by intra-eyebrow approach with which they made incision of 2 - 2.5 cm on mid-area of eyebrow to expose fractured medial wall with good operative field.
Cicatrix ; Diagnosis ; Diplopia ; Edema ; Enophthalmos ; Eyebrows ; Humans ; Orbit* ; Subcutaneous Emphysema

Lipocortin represents a family of similar Ca++ depentent phospholipid-binding proteins capable of blocking the activity of phospholipase A2 (PLA2) in vitro. Generally, these proteins are believed to inhibit the release of arachidonic acid from photopholipids and the formation of lipid mediators such as prostaglandin, leukotriene, and platelet activating factor. Lipocortin 1, initially identified as a glucocorticoid- responsive protein in macrophages and neutrophils has been implicated in transmembrane signal transduction during growth factor-mediated cell proliferation and transformation. To define the synthesis and its regulation, we investigated the expression of lipocortin 1 in both the mRNA and protein level in U937 cell line in the presence of several differentiation factors. The results were as follows. 1. The expression of lipocortin 1 and its mRNA was increased during TPA-induced differentiation of U937 cells to maximum of 2-fold and 5-fold respectively. Both the protein and mRNA levels decreased after 48 hours. 2. With the treatment with IFN-gamma, the expression of CD16 was increased. However, the protein and mRNA levels of lipocortin 1 were, not changed significantly. 3. Neither the dexamethasone or hydrocortisone have any effects on the expression of lipocortin 1 in both TPA-differentiated and undifferentiated U937 cells. The results from this study would give a light on defining the functional role of lipocortin 1 in macro-moncycle cell lineage and possibly some informative clues for the pathogenic mechanisms of the inflammatory diseases.
Annexin A1* ; Annexins* ; Arachidonic Acid ; Cell Lineage ; Cell Proliferation ; Dexamethasone ; Humans ; Hydrocortisone ; Macrophages ; Neutrophils ; Phospholipases A2 ; Platelet Activating Factor ; RNA, Messenger ; Signal Transduction ; U937 Cells*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify related factors of stress, social support and rehabilitation motivation of stroke survivors and analyze their relationship. METHOD: A sample of 106 stroke survivors completed face-to-face interviews. The levels of stress, social support and rehabilitation motivation were measured by the Neuman's stress, Multidimentional Scale Perceived Social Support and Han's Rehabilitation Motivation, respectively. The t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson correlation were conducted using the SPSS 17.0. RESULTS: The mean scores of stress, social support and rehabilitation motivation were 3.3 (SD=0.76), 3.2 (SD=0.88), and 3.4 (SD=0.49) respectively. Compared to stroke survivors who had no spouses, those with spouses had a lower level of stress (t=9.52, p=.003), a higher level of social support (t=7.32, p=.008) and a higher level of rehabilitation motivation (t=15.39, p=.001). The rehabilitation motivation was significantly higher in stroke survivors with higher education (F=5.00, p=.001), more monthly income (F=15.39, p=.001), greater income satisfaction (F=3.80, p=.026), shorter duration of disease (F=3.64, p=.030) and absence of dysarthria (t=6.81, p=.010). Stress, social support and rehabilitation motivation are significantly related with each other. CONCLUSION: The findings suggest that these significant factors should be considered when caring for stroke survivors.
Dysarthria ; Humans ; Motivation ; Spouses ; Stroke ; Survivors

No abstract available.
Humans*

Rickets is a syndrome, characterized pathophysiologically by a failure of normal mineralization of bone and epiphyseal cartilage and clinically by skeletal deformity in growing children. The five principal causes of rickets are vitamin D deficiency, absorptive defects, renal tubular insufficiency, chronic renal insufficiency and hypophosphatasia. In addition to these causes of rickets a defective reabsorption mechanism of the proximal renal tubule is currently believed to be a factor in the development of hypophosphatemic vitamine D resistant rickets. Simple type of hypophosphatemic vitamine D resistant rickets is the most common of all the cases of rickets due to tubular insufficiency. It has a familiar incidence and is a sex-linked dominant disease. There is hypophos-phatemia and an elevated alkaline phosphatase but usually no glomerular disease or uremia. All the clinical manifestations are those of advanced rickets of the ordinary type and usually begin early. We experienced four cases of hypophosphatemic vitamine D resistant rickets which developed in a family.
Alkaline Phosphatase ; Child ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Growth Plate ; Humans ; Hypophosphatasia ; Incidence ; Kidney Tubules, Proximal ; Miners ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic ; Rickets ; Uremia ; Vitamin D Deficiency ; Vitamins

Femoral fractures are difficult to treat in the child with head or multiple injuries. Traction may fail due to spasticity and restlessness. Poor results after closed reduction have led some authors to advocate open reduction and internal fixation which facilitates overall care. Anatomical reduction with internal fixation leads to limb overgrowth. We report our experience in anatomical open reduction of femoral fracture which had head or multiple injuries or difficult to maintain traction in children at the Kang-Nam St. Mary's Hospital. The results are as follows : 1. Among the 28 cases, there were 20 cases in male and 8 cases in female. Average age was 9.4 years. 2. Plate fixation was used in 27 cases and Kuntscher Kuentscher nail was used in one case. 3. Average union period was 11.5 weeks. There was one delayed union which was completely united in 20 weeks. 4. Average overgrowth of femur was 5.2mm. The overgrowth was related with age and handedness but it was not related with fracture site. For children who have head or multiple injuries or difficult to maintain the skin traction, open reduction with plate fixation appears the most satisfactory treatment. The overgrowth of the femur after open reduction was not significant problems clinically.
Child ; Extremities ; Female ; Femoral Fractures ; Femur ; Functional Laterality ; Head ; Humans ; Male ; Multiple Trauma ; Muscle Spasticity ; Psychomotor Agitation ; Skin ; Traction

Since 1985, authors have applied a cast ring around the reconstructed pully involving adjacent one normal digit and allowed early dynamic motion after one stage tenolysis or tendon graft in 24 digits of 16 patients with old flexor tendon injuries in zone II. With this ring technique, authors obtained satisfactory results in 80% of the patients, which proved to be as good as two stage flexor tendon reconstruction with silicone rodding. A cast ring allowed early active motion after tenolysis and early dynamic passive motion after tendon graft. It served as temporary external augmentation of the reconstructed pully and seemed to reduce the tension at the reconstruced tendon and pully. One stage flexor tendon reconstruction and early dynamic motion with ring technique was advantageous in shortening of morbidity and postoperative rehabilitation period, and eliminating complications from silicone rodding.
Humans ; Rehabilitation ; Silicon ; Silicones ; Tendon Injuries ; Tendons ; Transplants

PURPOSE: The study tried to suggest the ways to improve the national disability welfare information projects with evaluating the present condition of the projects. METHOD: Firstly, the study analyzed the disability information system and disability websites. Secondly, the study found out the problems of the registration of disability and management system through the situation analysis. Finally, the study conducted a survey of the disabled and the information system workers and performance evaluation of the information system. RESULTS: The study offered a proposal of The Disability Unity Management System(DUMS) for the disability registration and management. When the disabled visit the hospital or the public health center, their information is registered automatically in The Disability Unity Management System(DUMS), which helps not to miss out the disability registration. Through this system, they are given the proper service which they need, and the information can be shared with the facilities providing the service for the disabled. CONCLUSION: The Disability Unity Management System(DUMS) contributes significantly in avoiding the repetition of the support for the disabled and improving the quality of service.
Disabled Persons ; Humans ; Information Systems* ; Public Health ; Registries