The purpose of this study was to investigate if there were a significant differences in mandibular position between cephalometric measurements from a centric occlusion tracing compared to those of a acquired centric relation by stabilization splint on malocclusion patient with TMD. 60 malocclusion patients, who had TMD and CO-CR discrepancy beyond normal range, were selected and subdivided into Class I,II,III by Angle's classification and also subdivided into clockwise, straight downward, and counterclockwise group by Jarabak's posterior facial height / anterior facial height ratio. Lateral cephaolmetric radiographs with the mandible in centric occlusion were taken and measured, and for each patient the stabilization splint with mutually protected occlusal scheme was applied for minimum 3months. After each patient's CO-CR discrepancy was in normal range, lateral cephalometric radiographs were retaken and measured. The comparison of the difference between CO-CR cephalometric measurements in all sample, Class I,II,III groups, and Clockwise, Straight downward, Counterclockwise groups were studied. The finding of this study can be summarized as follows: 1. In all sample, the value of cephalometric measurements was significantly different between CO-CR. The mandible rotated to down and posterior position and the vertical change was greater than the horizontal change (overjet-1.3mm increase, overbite-1.9mm decrease). 2. In Class II malocclusion group, most of the mean difference value between CO-CR is higher than that of the other groups and more measurements was statically significant. 3. In clockwise and counterclockwise group, some of the mean difference value is higher than that of straight downward group and more measurements was statically significant. 4. There ware no measurements that explain centric relation measurements from the type of malocclusion, facial pattern and centric occlusion measurements. Henceforth, it is strongly recommended that stabilization splint therapy for orthodontic treatment on TMD patient should be excuted upon overall facial types prior to orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning.
Centric Relation ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Malocclusion ; Mandible ; Reference Values ; Splints*

PURPOSE: Currently, there are many developmental tests of scale and screening for infants and children. However, it has been questioned about the discriminating power and the correlation among developmental tests of scale and screening. So we comprared the Bayley Scales of Infant Development-II(BSID-II) and Korean Infant and Child Developmental Test(KICDT) in terms of correlations and agreement. METHODS: Seventy two infants were studied, who visited the pediatric outpatient clinic at Cheonan Soonchunhyang University Hospital between December 2002 and September 2003. They were classified into three groups, group A of 24 full term infants, group B of 24 preterm infants, and group C of 24 disabled full term infants. We performed both tests to the all infants. RESULTS: The mean scores of mental and psychomotor developmental indices of BSID-II of group A were higher than those of group B and group C, which was statistically significant. Also, the mean scores of personal-social, language and cognitive- adaptive fields of KICDT of group A were much higher than those of group B and group C. The correlation coefficients between BSID-II and KICDT were high in many indices. The kappa coefficient by Cohen between BSID-II and KICDT is 0.45(0.24-0.66). CONCLUSION: There was a reasonable corrrelation between BSID-II and Korean infant and child developmental test in infants younger than 12 months. The kappa coefficient by Cohen between BSID-II and KICDT is not so good in this study. Further study is needed to standardize the items of KICDT.
Ambulatory Care Facilities ; Child ; Child Development* ; Child* ; Chungcheongnam-do ; Humans ; Infant* ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Mass Screening ; Weights and Measures*

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors are common mesenchymal tumors of the gastrointestinal tract. But represent only less than 3% of gastrointestinal malignant neoplasm. Stomach is most common site of localization, followed by the small intestine, other parts of the GI tract, and the omentum. These tumors occasionally misdiagnosed as gynecological tumors. We report a case of gastrointestinal stromal tumor (CD117 positive and CD34 negative) giving an impression of ovarian malignancy with a brief review of the literatures.
Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors* ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Intestine, Small ; Omentum ; Stomach

PURPOSE: Concomitant splenectomy in cirrhotic patients is known to ameliorate the tendency to bleed and it decreases the portal venous pressure (PVP). However, the direct measurement of the change in the PVP after concomitant splenectomy has not yet been reported. We tried to measure the change of the PVP before and after splenectomy. METHODS: From March 2000 to May 2006, 18 patients underwent anatomical liver resection with concomitant splenectomy. All the patients had liver cirrhosis, thrombocytopenia and/or esophageal varix. Through the 5 French feeding tube, which was inserted into the right gastroepiploic vein after laparotomy, we directly measured the PVP before and after splenectomy, and also under portal triad clamping (PTC). RESULTS: After splenectomy, the PVP decreased significantly from 261.11+/-45.87 mmH2O to 221.11+/-38.48 mmH2O (p<0.05). Under PTC, the PVP decreased significantly from 605.00+/-116.48 mmH2O to 513.89+/-70.56 mmH2O (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: Concomitant splenectomy in patients with liver cirrhosis resulted in a significant reduction of the PVP.
Constriction ; Esophageal and Gastric Varices ; Factor IX ; Humans ; Laparotomy ; Liver ; Liver Cirrhosis ; Portal Pressure ; Splenectomy ; Thrombocytopenia ; Veins

A barium granuloma of the colon and rectum is a rare complication of radiologic examination of the digestive tract using barium. This complication is exceptional. During the enema, the cannula may ulcerate the mucosa which is blown up secondarily by the barium. Clinically, the granuloma presents as a hard polyp like a malignant tumur. So, the recognition of this entity is important because it can mimic other lesions including a neoplastic process endoscopically. Moreover, hisological findings, though they may be characteristic, often go unnoticed with routine techniques only. The authors report a barium granuloma of the rectum which was diagnosed by endoscopic mucosal resection and radiographic study of the paraffin block.
Barium* ; Catheters ; Colon ; Enema ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Granuloma* ; Mucous Membrane ; Paraffin ; Polyps ; Rectum* ; Ulcer

Inveon PET is a recently developed preclinical PET system for small animal. This study was conducted to measure the performance of Inveon PET as recommended by the NEMA NU 4-2008. We measured the spatial resolution, the sensitivity, the scatter fraction and the NECR using a F-18 source. A 3.432 ns coincidence window was used. A 1 mm3 sized F-18 point source was used for the measurement of spatial resolution within an energy window of 350~625 keV. PET acquisition was performed to obtain the spatial resolution from the center to the 5 cm offset toward the edge of the transverse FOV. Sensitivity, scatter fraction, and NECR were measured within an energy window of 350~750 keV. For measuring the sensitivity, a F-18 line source (length: 12.7 cm) was used with concentric 5 aluminum tubes. For the acquisition of the scatter fraction and the NECR, two NEMA scatter phantoms (rat: 50 mm in diameter, 150 mm in length; mouse: 25 mm in diameter, 70 mm in length) were used and the data for 14 half-lives (25.6 hr) was obtained using the F-18 line source (rat: 316 MBq, mouse: 206 MBq). The spatial resolution of the F-18 point source was 1.53, 1.50 and 2.33 mm in the radial, tangential and axial directions, respectively. The volumetric resolution was 5.43 mm3 in the center. The absolute sensitivity was 6.61%. The peak NECR was 486 kcps @121 MBq (rat phantom), and 1056 kcps @128 MBq (mouse phantom). The values of the scatter fraction were 20.59% and 7.93% in the rat and mouse phantoms, respectively. The performances of the Inveon animal PET scanner were measured in this study. This scanner will be useful for animal imaging.
Aluminum ; Animals ; Mice ; Rats

Intravascular lymphomatosis(IVL) which was first described by pfleger and Tappeiner in 1959 is rare malignancy characterized by neoplastic proliferation of lymphoid cell lineage within the vascular lumen with little or no adjacent parenchymal involvement. Its usual sites of involvement are central nervous system and skin or infrequently heart, lungs, pancreas, liver, spleen, kidney, adrenal glands, genitourinary tract, and bone marrow. Pulmonary involvement of IVL is not common. Symptoms of pulmonary involvement include dyspnea, cough and fever. Radiologicially, the disease is manifested with diffuse interstitial infiltrates. We report a recently experienced case of pulmonary intravascular lymphomatosis which was manifested with fever and chest pain.
Adrenal Glands ; Bone Marrow ; Central Nervous System ; Chest Pain ; Cough ; Dyspnea ; Fever ; Heart ; Kidney ; Liver ; Lung ; Lymphocytes ; Lymphoma ; Pancreas ; Skin ; Spleen

Since a novel beta-coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was first reported in December 2019, there has been a rapid global spread of the virus. Genomic surveillance was conducted on samples isolated from infected individuals to monitor the spread of genetic variants of SARS-CoV-2 in Korea. The Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency performed whole genome sequencing of SARS-CoV-2 in Korea for 1 year (January 2020 to January 2021). A total of 2,488 SARSCoV-2 cases were sequenced (including 648 cases from abroad). Initially, the prevalent clades of SARSCoV-2 were the S and V clades, however, by March 2020, GH clade was the most dominant. Only international travelers were identified as having G or GR clades, and since the first variant 501Y.V1 was identified (from a traveler from the United Kingdom on December 22 nd , 2020), a total of 27 variants of 501Y.V1, 501Y.V2, and 484K.V2 have been classified (as of January 25 th , 2021). The results in this study indicated that quarantining of travelers entering Korea successfully prevented dissemination of the SARS-CoV-2 variants in Korea.

Objectives: The Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has published “A Guideline for Unknown Disease Outbreaks (UDO).” The aim of this report was to introduce tabletop exercises (TTX) to prepare for UDO in the future. Methods: The UDO Laboratory Analyses Task Force in Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in April 2018, assigned unknown diseases into 5 syndromes, designed an algorithm for diagnosis, and made a panel list for diagnosis by exclusion. Using the guidelines and laboratory analyses for UDO, TTX were introduced. Results: Since September 9th , 2018, the UDO Laboratory Analyses Task Force has been preparing TTX based on a scenario of an outbreak caused by a novel coronavirus. In December 2019, through TTX, individual missions, epidemiological investigations, sample treatments, diagnosis by exclusions, and next generation sequencing analysis were discussed, and a novel coronavirus was identified as the causal pathogen. Conclusion Guideline and laboratory analyses for UDO successfully applied in TTX. Conclusions drawn from TTX could be applied effectively in the analyses for the initial response to COVID-19, an ongoing epidemic of 2019 - 2020. Therefore, TTX should continuously be conducted for the response and preparation against UDO.