No abstract available.
Vesico-Ureteral Reflux*

No abstract available.
Adenoma* ; Kidney*

No abstract available.
Adenoma* ; Kidney*

PURPOSE: Chronic inflammation induces cancer and cancer induces local tissue damage with systemic inflammation. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the potential relationship between the severity of inflammation and prognosis in cancer patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study enrolled 220 patients from January 2002 to December 2006 who underwent gastric surgery. We evaluated the relationship between preoperative inflammatory parameters (erythrocyte sedimentation rate, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio) and other clinicopathological factors. Survival outcomes were compared according to the extent of inflammation. RESULTS: Significant elevation of erythrocyte sedimentation rate was related with old age, increased neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, decreased hemoglobin, increased carcinoembryonic antigen, increased tumor size and advanced TNM stage. Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio was significantly correlated with old age, increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate and advanced TNM stage. In the univariate analysis, elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate and increased neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio had significantly poorer survival than those without elevation (all P<0.05). However, the multivariate analysis failed to prove erythrocyte sedimentation rate and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio as independent prognostic factors. CONCLUSIONS: The elevation of erythrocyte sedimentation rate and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio were correlated with poor prognosis in the univariate analysis and there was a strong correlation between inflammatory parameters (erythrocyte sedimentation rate and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio) and tumor progression. Thus, erythrocyte sedimentation rate and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio are considered useful as follow-up factors.
Blood Sedimentation ; Carcinoembryonic Antigen ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hemoglobins ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Multivariate Analysis ; Prognosis ; Stomach Neoplasms

BACKGROUND: Changes in the volume of the fluid space expanded by i.v. infusion of crystalloid solution have been analysed recently using mathematical models. The models are based on the assumption that the body strives to maintain volume homeostasis of fluid spaces and that the rate of restoration is a function of deviation from resting volume. METHODS: In this work mathematical models were developed to represent the kinetics of volume changes of fluid spaces associated with infusion of Ringer's solution. Based on the characteristics of fluid transportation, two expansion models were tested. The single-fluid space model has a single volume into which fluid is fed and from which fluid is left, and the two-fluid space model has another space in addition to the first volume so that fluid exchanges between these two spaces are possible. Volunteers (six men) were given Hartman's solution for 30 min and the changes in blood hemoglobin were detected. RESULTS: From the comparison with experimental data, the single-fluid space model was found to represent adequately in all volunteers, however, two-fluid space model was found to represent 75% of volunteers. CONCLUSIONS: These models may be useful in the description and analysis of the effects of i.v. fluid therapy.
Blood Volume ; Body Fluids* ; Fluid Therapy ; Homeostasis ; Kinetics ; Models, Theoretical ; Space Simulation ; Transportation ; Volunteers

BACKGROUND: The fluid kinetics of intravenously infused colloid during inhalation anesthesia and hemorrhage have not been investigated. We therefore assessed fluid space changes during infusion of hydroxyethyl starch solution after hemorrhage in conscious and desflurane-anesthetized individuals. METHODS: Following the donation of 400 ml of blood, 500 ml of hydroxyethyl starch solution was infused over 20 minutes into wakeful and desflurane-anesthetized volunteers. Blood was repeatedly sampled to measure hemoglobin concentration, a marker of plasma dilution, and fluid kinetic analysis was performed to evaluate changes in fluid space. RESULTS: Using a fluid kinetic model, we found that the mean volume of fluid space was 7,724 +/- 1,788 ml in wakeful volunteers and 6,818 +/- 4,221 ml in anesthetized volunteers, and the elimination rate constants were 7.1 +/- 3.5 ml/min and 19.4 +/- 4.6 ml/min, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Infusion of colloid after mild hemorrhage resulted in similar expansions of plasma volume in desflurane-anesthetized and conscious individuals. During anesthesia, however, the expansion of plasma volume by colloid was decreased and of shorter duration than observed in conscious patients.
Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, General ; Anesthesia, Inhalation ; Blood Donors ; Colloids ; Fluid Therapy ; Hemoglobins ; Hemorrhage ; Hetastarch ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Plasma ; Plasma Volume

Colorectal cancer is the third most common malignancy in Korea. In contrast, pericolic or mesenteric lymphoma is relatively rare. We experienced an extremely rare case of synchronous primary colon cancer in the ascending colon with T-cell lymphoma in the pericolic lymph node. A 79-year-old woman presented with complaints of epigastric and right lower abdominal pain combined with anorexia and nausea. Colonoscopic evaluation and biopsy were performed, and the diagnosis was cecal adenocarcinoma. She underwent right hemicolectomy with lymph node dissection. The pathology report revealed adenocarcinoma in cecum with metastasis to 1 regional lymph node out of 37 lymph nodes. In addition, there was malignant angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma in 1 pericolic lymph node. There was no evidence of lymphoma in ileum, cecum and ascending colon, so the possibility of early phase of lymphoma was suggested.
Abdominal Pain ; Adenocarcinoma ; Aged ; Anorexia ; Biopsy ; Cecum ; Colon ; Colon, Ascending ; Colonic Neoplasms ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; Female ; Humans ; Ileum ; Korea ; Lymph Node Excision ; Lymph Nodes ; Lymphoma ; Lymphoma, T-Cell ; Nausea ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; T-Lymphocytes

A solitary fibrous tumor (STF) is a relatively unusual neoplasm first described as a distinctive tumor arising from pleura. Some reports have shown that STF also affect extrathoracic regions. A 70-year-old woman was referred to our hospital for surgical treatment of an incidentally discovered thigh mass. We performed complete removal of the tumor. It was a soft tissue tumor with muscle indentation but without invasion to the surrounding muscles. The resected specimen was 7.0x6.3x5.2 cm. Histologically, the tumor was composed of a haphazard proliferation of spindle cells and epitheloid cells with hypercellularity and high mitotic activity. Immunohistochemistry showed positive immunoreactivity for CD34, CD99, bcl-2 protein, CD117, vimentin, smooth muscle actin and epithelial membrane antigen. We report, herein, on a rare case of malignant SFT in the thigh region along with a review of the literature.
Actins ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Mucin-1 ; Muscle, Smooth ; Muscles ; Pleura ; Solitary Fibrous Tumors ; Thigh ; Vimentin

PURPOSE: Prognostic indicators are used increasingly in clinical trials and to guide surveillance for patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). The significance of a preoperative, elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) as a predictive indicator for malignancy and for prognosis in colorectal cancer has not been elucidated. Hence, the current study was conducted to evaluate the ESR as a prognostic indicator in patients with CRC. METHODS: This study enrolled 232 patients who underwent surgery in our hospital between 1997 and 2004. ESR with clinicopathologic features and overall survival were evaluated retrospectively. RESULTS: The ESRs of 139 patients were elevated, and those of 93 patients were normal. Elevated ESR was associated with the male gender, decreased hemoglobin, increased platelet count, high preoperative CEA, high preoperative CA19-9, tumor size (> or =5 cm), T stage, and TNM stage. Patients with elevated ESR had poorer survival (P=0.001), but a multivariate analysis did not reveal an elevated ESR as an independent factor for prognosis. CONCLUSIONS: Preoperative elevation of ESR in patients with CRC suggests the presence of a tumor with aggressive behavior and a poor outcome.
Blood Sedimentation ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; Erythrocytes ; Hemoglobins ; Humans ; Male ; Multivariate Analysis ; Platelet Count ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies

Rats were administered zearalenone (ZEA) via gavage at dosages of 0, 1, 5, and 30 mg/kg for 36 days. On treatment day 8, inactivated porcine parvovirus vaccine (Vac) was injected intraperitoneally. Antibody production against porcine parvovirus was then measured as a function of ZEA treatment. Compared to the vaccine alone, ZEA treatment, with or without Vac, decreased the serum level of IgG. The level of IgM decreased in all ZEA groups at day 22, but the decrease was sustained only in the medium-dose ZEA group at day 36. The level of IgA was unchanged in the Vac only and ZEA groups at day 22, but was decreased in the 5 mg/kg ZEA plus Vac group compared to the Vac only group at day 36. The level of IgE was decreased by all doses of ZEA at day 22, but was unaffected in ZEA plus Vac groups compared to the Vac only group. The levels of IL-1 in the thymus and spleen; INF-gamma in serum; IL-2, IL-6, and IL-10 in the thymus; and IL-10 and IFN-gamma in the spleen decreased after ZEA administration. Furthermore, the levels of IL-1beta in the spleen and mesenteric lymph node, IL-1beta in the thymus, IL-2 in the thymus and spleen, IL-6 in the thymus, IL-10 and IFN-gamma in the spleen, and GM-CSF and TNF-alpha in the thymus decreased after vaccination in rats exposed to ZEA. In conclusion, these results suggest that ZEA exposure via drinking water can cause an immunosuppressive effect by decreasing immunoglobulins in serum and cytokines in lymphoid organs.
Animals ; Antibody Formation ; Cytokines ; Drinking Water ; Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor ; Immunoglobulin A ; Immunoglobulin E ; Immunoglobulin G ; Immunoglobulin M ; Immunoglobulins ; Interleukin-1 ; Interleukin-10 ; Interleukin-2 ; Interleukin-6 ; Lymph Nodes ; Parvovirus, Porcine ; Rats ; Spleen ; Thymus Gland ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; Vaccination ; Zea mays ; Zearalenone