BACKGROUND: To investigate the relationship between body composition and bone mineral density (BMD) in preand post-menopausal women in Korea. METHODS: The data of 4,334 pre- and post-menopausal women older than 20 years from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted in 2008-2009 were assessed. BMD and body composition were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. All analyses except stepwise multiple linear regression analysis were performed using the KNHANES sample weights to account for the complex survey design. RESULTS: After adjusting for confounding variables, lean mass and fat mass were positively correlated with BMD at both L1-4 spine and femur neck in both pre- and post-menopausal women (P<0.001). For the pre-menopausal women, lean mass was the most important determinant of BMD at both sites (R2=0.156 for L1-4 spine BMD, R2=0.168 for femur neck BMD), and the impact of fat mass were minimal. For the post-menopausal women, fat mass had a greater influence on the BMD at L1-4 spine than lean mass (R2=0.016 vs. R2=0.077), but lean mass had a greater impact than fat mass on the BMD at the femur neck (R2=0.077 vs. R2=0.007). After adjusting for confounding variables, post-menopausal osteoporosis increased as both lean mass and fat mass decreased (P(trend)<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: In Korean pre- and post-menopausal women, both lean mass and fat mass had positive correlations with the BMD at both sites and decreased the risk of osteoporosis. Lean mass had a greater influence on premenopausal BMD at both sites and postmenopausal BMD at the femur neck, whereas fat mass had greater influence on post-menopausal BMD at L1-4 spine.
Absorptiometry, Photon ; Body Composition ; Bone Density ; Confounding Factors (Epidemiology) ; Female ; Femur Neck ; Humans ; Korea ; Linear Models ; Nutrition Surveys ; Osteoporosis ; Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal ; Spine ; Weights and Measures

No abstract available.
Calcification, Physiologic* ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn*

Monosymptomatic enuresis(bed-wetting without other symptoms) is a common problem in children, affecting 15% of five-year-olds and occurring more frequently in boys than in girls. Because it is usually caused by a physiologic maturational delay, the prevalence decreases with age. Children with enuresis have a small bladder capacity. Failure to awake to the micturition urge is not necessarily related to being a "deep sleeper", and children with enuresis may pass urine involuntarily because of the immature central nervous pathways. As the CNS pathways matures with age, most children are more easily aroused from sleep. There is strong evidence of a genetic predisposition for enuresis. Children with enuresis must be evaluated to reveal any underlying physiologic conditions or disease states, such as urinary tract infection or structural abnormality. Once these are ruled out, the goal is to stop the bed-wetting while preserving the child's self-esteem. However, before treatment of enuresis, concurrent problems, such as daytime enuresis and urgency or chronic constipation, should be managed. For the treatment of enuresis, the child wears a moisture alarm-a small, portable, transistorized device-to bed. The alarm sounds or vibrates when wet, awakening the child. Drug therapy for enuresis includes desmopressin, which decreases the urine volume, and imipramine and oxybutynin, which inhibit bladder contraction. Both delayed urinary control and current enuresis are associated with a markedly increased risk of behavioral, emotional, and academic problems.
Child ; Constipation ; Deamino Arginine Vasopressin ; Drug Therapy ; Enuresis* ; Female ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Humans ; Imipramine ; Prevalence ; Problem Behavior ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Tract Infections ; Urination

This study was designed to identify the relationship between perceived family support and quality of life in patients with liver cirrhosis. The subjects for this study were the 136 patients with liver cirrhosis that received hospital treatment in 1 general hospitals as Kwang-Ju City in Chonbuk and 3 general hospitals at Kwang-Ju City. The data were collected during the period from May 24 to August 2, 1997 by means of an interview utilized a structured questionnaire. Peceived family support was measured by the family support questionnaire that Kim, Eunu-Young(1996) used for her study about the relationships between perceived family support and self-care agency in adults with diabetes and the author of this study modified it instrument. Quality of life was measured by the quality of life instrument that Ro You-Ja(1998) developed by and analytical study of the quality of life the middle-aged in seoul and modified by the author of this study. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Peraon's correlation, and Simple regression using the SPSS PC+ program. The results of this study were as follows: 1. relationship between perceived family support and quality of life in patients with liver cirrhosis revealed a significant correlation(r=0.581, p=.000). In addition, perceived family support in patients with liver cirrhosis provided predicted 32.37%(F=63.87, p=.000) of quality of life. 2. There were significant associations between perceived family support and religion(t=4.11, p=.000), occupation(f=4.40, p=.002), and the number of family(f=8.19, p=.000). There were significant associations between quality of life and occupation(f=7.52, p=.000), and economic state(f=3.30, p=.022) among general character. In conclusion, this study revealed that perceived family support in patients with liver cirrhosis may be an important factor that can improve their quality of life. Therefore, nurses must establish nursing plan included their family when nurse carry out nursing intervention and education for patients so that a patient promote quality of life by maintaining optimal well-being state.
Adult ; Education ; Gwangju ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Jeollabuk-do ; Liver Cirrhosis* ; Liver* ; Nursing ; Quality of Life* ; Self Care ; Seoul

No abstract available.
Biopsy

No abstract available.
Biopsy

No abstract available.
Pneumonia*

The purpose of this study was to find out the differences in self efficacy and health promotion lifestyle according to Korean constitutions. Subjects of this study were 162 student of Nursing at S Junior college in Kyung-Ju. Data were collected by using interview Questionaire on April. 1999. The Measurement tools used by this researdher were Kim Sun Ho. Go Bung Hee, and Song II Bong's QSCCII (Questionaire of Sasang Constitution Classification). Sherer's self efficacy scale, and Walker et al.s HPLP(Health Promotion Lifestyle Profile) which were approved it's reliability For the purpose of the study, the collected data were analyzed by frequency, t-test, ANOVA Pearson correlation, and ANCOVA. The findings of this study was summarized as follow. 1. There was significantly differences in health promotion life-style according to demographic factor. 2. There was significantly differences in self efficacy according to the Korean constitution. Te Um In was higher than So Yang In at self efficacy. 3. There was positive correlation between self efficacy and health promotion life-style. 4. After exclusion of self efficacy, each of the Korean constitution's health promotion life-style was not difference. Based on these results, So Yang In was needed self control training because the Korean constitution's personality effected on the one's self efficacy.
Constitution and Bylaws* ; Demography ; Gyeongsangbuk-do ; Health Promotion* ; Humans ; Life Style ; Music ; Nursing* ; Self Efficacy* ; Solar System

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Lung Diseases, Interstitial*