Follow-Up Studies ; Muscles ; Orbit ; Orbital Fractures

Carcinoma of the prostate is a common malignancy affecting elderly men. Lung metastasis from prostate cancer occurs frequently, but tumor metastasis to the central bronchi that clinically mimics primary bronchogenic carcinoma are very rare. We report a 73-year old man with endobronchial metastasis from prostatic carcinoma presented with respiratory symptom cough. Diagnosis of issues taken from materials which were used for bronchoscopic biopsy and prostate biopsy and immunohistochemical staining for prostate specific antigen(PSA) confirmed a case of endobronchial metastasis from prostatic carcinoma. Hormonal therapy(LHRH agonist) was applied to this patient.
Aged ; Biopsy ; Bronchi ; Carcinoma, Bronchogenic ; Cough ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Lung ; Male ; Neoplasm Metastasis* ; Prostate ; Prostatic Neoplasms

PURPOSE: A recently introduced direct drill-guiding implant surgery system features minimal tolerance of surgical instruments in the metal sleeve by using shank-modified drills and a sleeve-incorporated stereolithographic guide template. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of this new guided surgery system in partially edentulous patients using geometric analyses. MATERIALS AND METHODS: For the study, 21 implants were placed in 11 consecutive patients using the direct drill-guiding implant surgery system. The stereolithographic surgical guide was fabricated using cone-beam computed tomography, digital scanning, computer-aided design and computer-assisted manufacturing, and additive manufacturing processes. After surgery, the positional and angular deviations between planned and placed implants were measured at the abutment level using implant-planning software. The Kruskal-Wallis test and Mann-Whitney U test were used to compare the deviations (α=.05). RESULTS: The mean horizontal deviations were 0.593 mm (SD 0.238) mesiodistally and 0.691 mm (SD 0.344) buccolingually. The mean vertical deviation was 0.925 mm (SD 0.376) occlusogingivally. The vertical deviation was significantly larger than the horizontal deviation (P=.018). The mean angular deviation was 2.024 degrees (SD 0.942) mesiodistally and 2.390 degrees (SD 1.142) buccolingually. CONCLUSION: The direct drill-guiding implant surgery system demonstrates high accuracy in placing implants. Use of the drill shank as the guiding component is an effective way for reducing tolerance.
Computer-Aided Design ; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography ; Dental Implants ; Humans ; Prospective Studies* ; Surgical Instruments*

In spite of decrease in prevalence, yet tuberculosis is not rare disease in Korea and the morbidity is over one percent. Because extrapulmonary tuberculosis is less common than that of lung, quick and accurate diagnosis is not easy and there may be some problems in selecting the methods and the times to treat it. Especially, each or combination of abdominal lymphadenitis and duodenal tuberculosis are so rare that differential diagnosis from other common or rare diseases is difficult, and much attention is required to diagnose and treat those. Recently we experienced a case of tuberculous lymphadenitis accompanied by duodenal bulbar tuberculosis which had been conceived as submucosal tumor at endoscopy and diagnosed by explorative operation. So we report this case with review of related literatures.
Diagnosis ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Endoscopy ; Korea ; Lung ; Lymphadenitis ; Prevalence ; Rare Diseases ; Tuberculosis* ; Tuberculosis, Lymph Node*

PURPOSE: Traditional transcutaneous incision and transconjunctival incision methods are commonly used in the lower blepharoplasty. The transconjunctival method leaves no visible scars nor does it change the shape of lower eyelid contour and the surgical technique is not difficult. However removal of excess baggy skin is not possible through this method. Therefore, the transconjunctival incision method is useful only for patients who still have normal elasticity of the lower eyelids and fat that is protruding only anterocaudally. The Author will introduce a technique, which complements the limitations of these two methods mentioned above. METHODS: The author combined the transconjunctival approach and lower blepharoplasty with only the excised skin flap method. This method does not go beyond the previous methods but does apply the advantages of them. RESULTS: From March 2007 to October 2010, this new technique was performed in a total of 62 patients. Fat was removed and repositioned through transconjunctival incision. Drooped skin was excised as in the traditional blepharoplasty but only the skin flap was elevated. This prevents post-operative complications such as ectropion, sclera show, and deformation of the shape of the lower eyelids or under-resection of fat. All patients were satisfied with the post-operative appearance. CONCLUSION: The author was able to get satisfactory results while avoiding complications of traditional transcutaneous technique with this combined technique of the transconjunctival approach and the lower blepharoplasty method of skin flaps only.
Blepharoplasty ; Cicatrix ; Complement System Proteins ; Ectropion ; Elasticity ; Eyelids ; Humans ; Sclera ; Skin

Carcinoid tumor primarily affects the intestinal tract, which arise from the Kulchitsky cells found at the base of the crypts of Lieberk hn. Rectal carcinoids are relatively uncommon lesions, representing only 1.3 percent of all rectal tumors. Rectal carcinoids have benign course and are usually asymptomatic. While their prognosis is generally favorable, it is known that about 15% of these tumors metastasize. Rectal carcinoid tumors should be treated appropriately and aggressively when indicated. Present-day treatment programs call for radical cancer resection only for lesions larger than 2 cm in diameter and local resection for all others. We have experienced a case of carcinoid tumor of the rectum treated by endoscopic polypectomy.
Carcinoid Tumor* ; Prognosis ; Rectal Neoplasms ; Rectum*

Breast carcinoma is common malignancy in women and frequently metastasize to multiple organ such as lung, bone, lymph node and liver. But metastasis to gastrointestinal tract is rare and only two cases have been reported in Korea. We experienced a case of upper gastrointestinal bleeding caused by gastric metastasis from ductal carcinoma of breast and report this case with review of several literatures.
Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; Carcinoma, Ductal ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Hemorrhage* ; Humans ; Korea ; Liver ; Lung ; Lymph Nodes ; Neoplasm Metastasis*

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Dieulafoy lesions (DLs) are a rare but significant cause of upper gastrointestinal bleeding. We aimed to define the clinical significance of rebleeding and identify the predictors of rebleeding and mortality in upper gastrointestinal Dieulafoy lesions (UGIDLs). METHODS: Patients diagnosed with UGIDLs between January 2004 and June 2013 were retrospectively evaluated. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to define the predictors of rebleeding and mortality in patients with UGIDLs. RESULTS: The study group consisted of 81 male and 36 female patients. Primary hemostasis was achieved in 115 out of 117 patients (98.3%) with various endoscopic therapies. Rebleeding occurred in 10 patients (8.5%). The mortality rate was significantly higher in patients with rebleeding than in those without rebleeding (30.0% vs. 4.7%, p=0.020). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that kidney disease (p=0.006) and infection (p=0.005) were significant predictors of rebleeding in UGIDLs and that kidney disease (p=0.004) and platelet count (p=0.013) were significant predictors of mortality. CONCLUSIONS: Rebleeding has an important prognostic significance in patients with UGIDLs. Kidney disease and infection are major predictors of rebleeding and mortality in patients with UGIDLs.
Endoscopy ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage ; Hemorrhage ; Hemostasis ; Humans ; Kidney Diseases ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Mortality ; Platelet Count ; Retrospective Studies

Retinoids regulate not only various cell functions including proliferation and differentiation but also glucose and lipid metabolism. After we observed a marked up-regulation of cellular retinol-binding protein-I (CRBP-I) in the liver of hepatitis B virus x antigen (HBx)-transgenic (HBx Tg) mice which are prone to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and fatty liver, we aimed to evaluate retinoid pathway, including genes for the retinoid physiology, CRBP-I protein expression, and retinoid levels, in the liver of HBx Tg mice. We also assessed the effect of chronic metformin treatment on HCC development in the mice. Many genes involved in hepatic retinoid physiology, including CRBP-I, were altered and the tissue levels of retinol and all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) were elevated in the liver of HBx Tg mice compared to those of wild type (WT) control mice. CRBP-I protein expression in liver, but not in white adipose tissue, of HBx Tg mice was significantly elevated compared to WT control mice while CRBP-I protein expressions in the liver and WAT of high-fat fed obese and db/db mice were comparable to WT control mice. Chronic treatment of HBx Tg mice with metformin did not affect the incidence of HCC, but slightly increased hepatic CRBP-I level. In conclusion, hepatic CRBP-I level was markedly up-regulated in HCC-prone HBx Tg mice and neither hepatic CRBP-I nor the development of HCC was suppressed by metformin treatment.
Adipose Tissue, White ; Animals ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular* ; Fatty Liver ; Hepatitis B virus ; Incidence ; Lipid Metabolism ; Liver* ; Metformin* ; Mice ; Mice, Transgenic* ; Retinoids ; Retinol-Binding Proteins, Cellular* ; Trans-Activators ; Tretinoin ; Up-Regulation ; Vitamin A