Malignant fibrous histiocytoma is a rare malignant tumor of histiocytic origin, arising from either bone, or soft tissue. Six cases of malignant fibrous histiocytoma are presented with emphasis on radiographic features. Five cases are of primary bone origin and one of soft tissue. Ill-defined osteolytic bone destruction with no sclerosis and with no periosteal reaction is the principal radiologic feature of the malignant fibrous histiocytoma of bone. Therefore, malignant fibrous histiocytoma should be considered in differential diagnosis of primary intraosseous or extraosseous malignancies.
Diagnosis, Differential ; Histiocytoma, Malignant Fibrous ; Sclerosis

Primary carcinoma of the bile ducts is an uncommon lesion that is difficult to diagnosis in early stage. Correct diagnosis with determination of site and extent of the carcinoma is essential for proper management. Authors presented 35 cases of bile duct carcinoma, confirmed at Seoul National University Hospital from 1978 to 1981, and analyzed their clinical and radiological findings. The results were as follows; 1. The 6th decade was the predilection age, and the ratio of male to female was 4:3. 2. The locations of bile duct carcinomas were common bile duct in 31%, porta hepatis in 26%, junction in 17%, diffuse involvement in 17%, and common hepatic duct in 9% in order of frequency. 3. Ultrasonography was done in 31 cases. Dilatation of intrahepatic ducts was noticed in 28 cases. Among the 28 cases, correct diagnosis as bile duct carcinoma were made in 5 cases. Proximal obstructive patterns were observed in 14 cases and distal obstructive patterns in 9 cases. 4. ERCP was done in 15cases. Successful studies of ERCP were done in 8 cases of them. Among the cases, diagnosis as bile duct carcinoma were made in 4 cases. 5. PTC was done in 20 cases and successful in all of them. Correct diagnosis as bile duct carcinoma were made in 16 cases and the diagnostic accuracy was 80%.
Bile Ducts ; Bile ; Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde ; Common Bile Duct ; Diagnosis ; Dilatation ; Female ; Hepatic Duct, Common ; Humans ; Male ; Seoul ; Ultrasonography

2 Cases of primary lymphoma of brain are reported with brief review of literatures. Preoperative CT scans were performed and the correct diagnoses were made by operative biopsy. Initially the tumor masses were located in the periventricular white matter, in both cases. CT scans showed slightly high density areas with homogenous contrast enhancement. After local irradiation, these lesions disappeared completely. But soon after, well circumscribed homogenous contrast enhancing mass lesions recurred in the cerebellum.
Biopsy ; Brain ; Cerebellum ; Diagnosis ; Lymphoma ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; White Matter

No abstract available.
Cytomegalovirus Infections*

Subepidermal calcified nodule, a form of idiopathic calcinosis cutis, typically present as a hard, 3 to 11 mm, solitary lesion on the exposed area of the head and the extremities. Here we re-port an unusual case of subepidermal calcified nodule occurring on the buttock. A 15-year-old girl presented with a 6-month history of a 12 × 6 mm, oval, hard, erythematous nodule on the right buttock. Histopathologic examination of an excision biopsy specimen revealed extensive deposition of calcium in the whole dermis as large multilobulated masses.
Adolescent ; Biopsy ; Buttocks* ; Calcinosis ; Calcium ; Dermis ; Extremities ; Female ; Head ; Humans

Chronic alcohol use may have direct or indirect neurotoxic effects on the brain that can lead to cognitive impairment. However, the precise relationship between alcohol and dementia remains unclear. There are several epidemiological studies suggest that the protective effect of light-moderate alcohol drinking in dementia. But obviously the heavy alcohol drinking can lead to brain damage and increase the risk of various types of dementia. The clinicopathological issues and criteria regarding so-called 'alcoholic dementia' remain under debate. Alcohol-induced persisting amnestic disorder, alcohol-induced persisting dementia, and Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome (thiamine deficiency) may constitute distinct disease entities, but they may also share some common features. Based on this theory, Oslin and colleagues proposed the broader diagnostic scheme and criteria for Alcohol Related Dementia (ARD), which may include cases of Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome and also other cases of dementia that appear to be alcohol-related. In pathogenesis of the alcoholic dementia, the chronic exposure to ethanol results in the adaptive up-regulation of NMDA receptor sensitivity, which can result in an increased vulnerability to glutamate induced excitotoxicity. Despite the clinical importance of ARD, few medical treatments for ARD have been proposed and studied. Most of all, the gold standard of the treatment in alcoholic dementia is the maintaining abstinence. Some therapeutic trials with cholinesterase inhibitors (donepezil and rivastigmine) and memantine (NMDA receptor antagonist) have been conducted for the patients with Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome and alcohol-related dementia, and these studies reported favorable outcomes. Especially memantine can be a more effective agent in the treatment of alcoholic dementia because of anti-craving effect reported in several studies.
Alcohol Amnestic Disorder ; Alcohol Drinking ; Alcoholics ; Brain ; Cholinesterase Inhibitors ; Cognition ; Dementia ; Ethanol ; Glutamic Acid ; Humans ; Korsakoff Syndrome ; Memantine ; N-Methylaspartate ; Up-Regulation

Angioma serpiginosum is a rare vascular naevoid disorder due to progressive ectatic dilatation of capillaries in the papillary dermis. We report two cases of angioma serpiginosum. A 24-year-old woman presented with asymptomatic multiple deeply red macules arranged in a serpiginous pattern on the left posterior thigh. In the other case, an 8-year-old girl had asymptomatic red nonpalpable puncta that were grouped closely together in a linear pattern from the left lower abdomen to thigh. On the histopathological examination, both cases commonly showed grouped, dilated, ectatic vessels in the upper dermis. These clinical and histopathological findings were typical of angioma serpiginosum.
Abdomen ; Capillaries ; Child ; Dermis ; Dilatation ; Female ; Hemangioma* ; Humans ; Thigh ; Young Adult

No abstract available.
Humans ; Pepsinogen A*

Van Wyk-Grumbach Syndrome is an advanced sexual development in association with primary hypothyroidism. The clinical feature in this syndrome is more consistent with stimulation of the FSH receptor by the markedly elevated TSH levels. Treatment of the hypothyroidism results in a rapid return to normal of the biochemical and clinical manifestations. We experienced a case of Van Wyk-Grumbach Syndrome and report with the brief review of related literature.
Hypothyroidism ; Puberty, Precocious ; Receptors, FSH ; Sexual Development

No abstract available.
Brain* ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon*