A statistical study of soldiers who visited the outpatient ciepartment of the Capital Armed Forces General Fiospital from 1987 to 1989 was performed. The results were as follows : 1. The total number of outpatients was 9969 with peak clinic visits in June(11.2%) and the lowest number of clinic visits in February(6.4% ). 2. The most frequent age was 22 years(20.7% ). Soldiers between 19 and 24 years old comprised 68.1% of total patients. 3. By rank 69.3% of the outpatients were private', 16.0% sergeant and 14,4% officers. 4. The most common dermatoses were dermatophytosis, contact dermatitis, scabies, acne, seborrheic dermatosis, urticaria, alopecia, condyloma acuminatum, verruca, folliculitis, psoriasis, insect bite reactions, pityriasis rosea, herpes zoster and corns. 5. Frequent diseases, which occured during summer season, included dermatophytosis, contact dermatitis and inser,t bites. The incidence of scabies, pityriasis prsea was increased during winter and that of psoriasis was increased during spring.
Acne Vulgaris ; Alopecia ; Ambulatory Care ; Arm ; Callosities ; Dermatitis, Contact ; Folliculitis ; Herpes Zoster ; Humans ; Incidence ; Insect Bites and Stings ; Military Personnel* ; Outpatients ; Pityriasis ; Pityriasis Rosea ; Psoriasis ; Scabies ; Seasons ; Skin Diseases* ; Statistics as Topic* ; Tinea ; Urticaria ; Warts ; Young Adult ; Zea mays

No abstract available.
Humans ; Nephrotic Syndrome* ; Renal Veins* ; Thrombosis*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Spinal Cord*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify the influence of clinical nurse specialists' emotional intelligence on their organizational commitment and turnover intention. METHODS: A descriptive study with second data analysis was conducted with permission. The original data was from the policy research on the status of clinical nurses with extended role hosted by the Hospital Nurses Association in 2007. RESULTS: The mean score of emotional intelligence, organizational commitment, turnover intention were 58.66 (+/-6.63), 46.71 (+/-3.54), 12.87 (+/-3.98) respectively. Emotional intelligence had 40% positive influence on organizational commitment (F=50.58, p<.01, adj.R2=.16) and 24% negative influence on turnover intention (F=16.68, p<.01, adj.R2=.06). CONCLUSION: The results recommend to develop a program that enhances clinical nurse specialists' emotional intelligence. The program could be utilized as an institutional retention strategy to increase clinical nurse specialists' organizational commitment and decrease their turnover intention.
Emotional Intelligence ; Humans ; Intention ; Nurse Clinicians ; Retention (Psychology) ; Statistics as Topic

PURPOSE:To report the change of corneal asphericity and the relationship between asphericity and visual acuity after wearing the reverse-geometry lens. METHODS: The authors reviewed out-patient records of 37 consecutive patients wearing reverse-geometry lenses. The patients were followed up from July 2004 to December 2007. The unaided visual acuity (VA), spherical equivalent (SE) and asphericity before and after wearing the lens were compared. The relationship of SE and final VA, initial astigmatism and final VA, and asphericity and final VA was also analyzed. In addition, the relationship between the increment of VA and asphericity was determined. RESULTS: VA and SE improved and the asphericity decreased after wearing the lens (p<0.05). There was high correlation between the spherical equivalent and final visual acuity (p<0.001), and no correlation between asphericity and final visual acuity (p=0.358) was observed. However, the lower the initial asphericity, the greater the increment of visual acuity observed (p=0.048). CONCLUSIONS: Initial corneal asphericity can be a predictor of increment of VA after wearing reverse-geometry lenses.
Astigmatism ; Humans ; Outpatients ; Visual Acuity

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: There are two ways to route sound from a deaf hemifield to a functional ear: the bone anchored hearing aid (BAHA) and the contralateral routing of signal hearing aid (CROS HA). BAHA uses transcranial bone conduction; on the other hand, CROS HA uses air conduction. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the benefit of these auditory rehabilitation devices objectively and subjectively, and to analyze factors that affect daily using time. SUBJECTS AND METHOD: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 19 patients who selected BAHA and 9 patients who selected CROS HA to undergo rehabilitation of unilateral hearing loss. Preoperative pure tone air and bone conduction thresholds, BAHA-aided thresholds and CROS HA-aided thresholds were measured. Hearing in noise test (HINT) was measured with unaided and aided in signal to noise ratio 10 (signal 75 dB HL, noise 65 dBA). Bern Benefit in Single-Sided Deafness Questionnaire (BBSS) was evaluated for all patients to assess subjective satisfaction and also, daily device using time was investigated. RESULTS: The aided pure tone audiometry was 44.58 dB HL, 42.71 dB HL for in BAHA and CROS HA, respectively, whereas the unaided PTA was 111.29, 103.28 dB HL for BAHA and CROS HA, respectively. The aided HINT was 63.03 and 64.06%, whereas the unaided HINT was 22.13% and 37.44% for BAHA and CROS, respectively. BBSS showed more satisfactory results with BAHA and CROS HA when compared unaided in all items. Daily using time did not correlate with the degree of satisfaction, better ear hearing levels or etiology. CONCLUSION: It was found that not only the preoperative BAHA rod test and HA trials but also the customized and detail counseling were needed for single sided deaf patients to use auditory rehabilitation devices frequently.
Audiometry ; Bone Conduction ; Counseling ; Deafness ; Ear ; Hand ; Hearing ; Hearing Aids ; Hearing Loss, Unilateral ; Humans ; Medical Records ; Noise ; Patient Selection ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Retrospective Studies ; Signal-To-Noise Ratio ; Suture Anchors

Congenital complete atrioventricular (AV) block is a rare neonatal disease. It is a passively acquired immune-mediated injury of the conduction system, triggered by transplacental passage of maternal anti-SSA/Ro and anti-SSB/La antibodies. Management of premature infants with symptomatic complete AV block is challenging. If medical treatment with a β-adrenergic agonist and inotropic drugs is not effective, early cardiac pacing should be considered. Here we report a case of congenital complete AV block in a low birth weight, preterm neonate, who was successfully treated with temporary transcutaneous pacing immediately after birth. Temporary transcutaneous pacing may be an option for the emergent management of a low birth weight preterm neonate with congenital complete AV block prior to permanent pacemaker implantation.
Antibodies ; Atrioventricular Block* ; Humans ; Infant, Low Birth Weight* ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Newborn* ; Infant, Premature ; Parturition

Pain control is very important in managing terminal cancer patients and there are several modalities to alleviate their pain. A high dosage of epidural morphine is effective to control terminal cancer pain. Furthermore, to decrease the amount of morphine, adding an alternative adjuvant like ketamine to the morphine regimen is considered helpful for controlling the pain of a terminal cancer patient. A 45 year old male patient with terminal lung cancer had neck pain that was caused by multiple bone metastases. Continuous epidural block was started with 2 mg/day of morphine and the dosage was gradually increased to 90 mg/day in 86 days. 30 mg/day of ketamine was then added to it. Overall, the morphine and ketamine dosages were increased to 564 mg/day and 140 mg/day, respectively, in 11 months until the patient expired. In this case, the high dosage of epidural morphine, 580 mg/day, was administered to control cancer pain without any severe adverse effects.
Analgesia, Epidural* ; Humans ; Ketamine ; Lung Neoplasms* ; Lung* ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Morphine* ; Neck Pain ; Neoplasm Metastasis

PURPOSE: We evaluated the concordance of laterality of the paretic eye and the torsional eye in unilateral superior oblique palsy showing an inferior oblique overaction. METHODS: Thirty-nine patients diagnosed as having a unilateral superior oblique palsy were evaluated for visual acuity, refractive manifestation, ocular movement, prism cover test, and fundus photograph. Of these patients, 32 derived from congenital causes and 7 acquired the condition from trauma. An ocular movement exam was performed to check an inferior oblique overaction, and a fundus photograph was used to measure the ocular torsional amount. Inferior oblique myectomy or recession was performed along with horizontal strabismus surgery. RESULTS: Objective extorsion was presented in paretic eyes of 29 patients (74.4%) and nonparetic eyes of 10 patients (25.6%). The congenital superior oblique palsy patients were divided into two groups by the concordance of laterality of paretic eyes and torsional eyes. In the concordance group of 22 patients, the torsional amount was decreased from +17.69 degrees to +7.98 degrees and inferior oblique overaction from +2.27 degrees to +0.25 degrees after an inferior oblique muscle weakening procedure. In the discordance group of 10 patients, torsional amount was decreased from +16.97 degrees to +8.73 degrees and inferior oblique overaction from +2.50 degrees to +0.21 degrees postoperatively. In acquired oblique palsy patients, all patients showed the concordance of laterality, and the torsional amount was decreased from +16.76 degrees to +8.80 degrees and inferior oblique overaction from +2.5 degrees to +0.21 degrees after inferior oblique weakening procedure. CONCLUSIONS: We found that the paretic eye and the torsional eye may not coincide in congenital superior oblique palsy but always coincide in acquired oblique palsy after trauma. After an inferior oblique muscle weakening procedure, ocular torsional amount of paretic or sound eye is decreased in every case.
Humans ; Paralysis* ; Strabismus ; Visual Acuity

OBJECTIVE: Pullulan derivatives (PD) can be used to make self-assembled hydrogel nanoparticles which are responsive to ionic strength. The aim of this study is to evaluate the potential of PD as a retaining carrier of radioisotope inside tumors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Four types of PD were evaluated which included pullulan acetate (PA), succinylated PA (SPA), PA-DTPA and SPA-DTPA conjugates. They were radiolabeled with Tc-99m. Labelling efficiencies were determined at 30 min, 1, 2, 4 and 12 hours after radiolabeling. CT-26 colon cancer cells were subcutaneously injected into Balb/c mice. After 2 weeks of subcutaneous injection, Tc-99m-labelled PD (Tc-99m-PD) were injected into the tumors. Whole body images of mice were obtained at 30 min, 1, 2, and 12 hr after intratumoral injection. All twenty mice were grouped into four groups by largest diameter; control A (largest diameter = 5 mm, n = 5), control B (largest diameter = 10 mm, n = 5), pullulan A (largest diameter = 5 mm, n = 5), pllulan B (largest diameter = 10 mm, n = 5). Dynamic images were obtained for 1 hour after intratumoral injection. Static images were obtained at 1 hr, 2 hr, 3 hr and 4 hr after intratumoral injection with Tc-99m pertechnetate and Tc-99m-PA. Target-to-background ratios and retention rates were calculated. RESULTS: Labeling efficiencies of PA, SPA, PA-DTPA and SPA-DTPA were 94.5 +/- 5.9%, 97.8 +/- 3.5% 94.2 +/- 3.8%, and 92.5 +/- 6.2%, respectively (p> 0.05). Percent retention rates (%RR) of PA and PA-DTPA were significantly higher than those of control, however, those of SP-DTPA and SPA became similar to control at 4 and 12 hr, respectively. %RR of pullulan A and pullulan B at 1, 4 and 8 hr is significantly higher than that of control (p < 0.05). However, %RR between pullulan A and pullulan B were similar. CONCLUSION: The ionic strength dependent PD-nanoparticles are retained in the tumor. No difference of %RR according to tumor size was noted. Therapeutic application of PD labelled with beta- or alpha- emitting radionuclides can be expected.
Animals ; Body Image ; Colonic Neoplasms ; Hydrogel ; Injections, Subcutaneous ; Mice* ; Nanoparticles ; Osmolar Concentration ; Radioisotopes ; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m