No abstract available.
Down Syndrome*

Human untreated costal cartilage was compared with lyophilized human costal cartilage which was treated with defatting solution for 48 hours and freeze drying for 72 hours (-70degree C, 10??bar) on the tendency of distortion. All cartilages, which were taken from six cadavers, were carved 5x5x30mm in size on principle of the balanced cross section. Their distortions were evaluated by two methods at intervals of one week, one month, three months, six months after experiment. At first, the degree of distortion was grossly graded with four steps: grade O; no distortion / grade I; minimal distortion / grade II; moderate distortion / grade III; severe distortion. Second method is measurement and quantification of distortion in the horizontal and vertical plane of cartilage.Untreated cartilage is shown to be an unsatisfactory material, with only three(12%) of the 25 cartilages being cosmetically acceptable(grade 0 and 1) after 6 months. In lyophilized cartilage, 18(94%) of the 19 cartilages were cosmetically acceptable(grade 0 and 1) at 6 months. This figure is highly significant(p<0.01). In another method, distortion in the horizontal(h) and vertical (v) planes of cartilage were measured, and mean values of ???? were calculated. In untreated group, the mean values of ???? were 0.82 at 1 week, 0.91 at 1 month, 1.13 at 3 months, and 1.31 at 6 months. In lyophilized group, the mean values were 0.27 at 1 week, 0.29 at 1 month, 0.40 at 3 months and 0.47 at 6 months. All values were statistically significant(p<0.01).
Cadaver ; Cartilage* ; Freeze Drying ; Humans

Bony defect is one of the most common problems in craniomaxillofacial surgery. Although aurogenous bone graft is the best choice for the treatment of bone defect, it provides many problems such as donor site morbidity, irregular absorption, and limited amount of harvest. To overcome the shortcomings of autogenous bone graft many bone substitutes have been introduced. The ideal bone substitution is to have characteristics such as cheap, easy to obtain, rapid fusion to recipient bone, hard structure, long maintenance of shape and volume, low infection rate, and low exposure rate. Among those bone substitutes which have been widely used we chose lyophilized cartilage allograft because of low antigenecity, low resorption rate, easiness of carving and ling term preservation. From August 1993 to August 1997, 66 patients had been performed craniomaxillofacial reconstruction with lyophilized cartilage allograft. Orbital wall reconstruction and correction of enophthalmos were 24, correction of cleft lip and nose deformity were 19, temporal augmentations were 7, and others 16. Complications such as infection, exposure were not common. And partially removed cartilage was proved some calcification. Radiologic follow-up presented well positioned lyophilized cartilage allograft. Two radiologic works revealed haziness of bone density at the site of cartilage allograft. This suggests the ossification of lyophilized cartilage allograft. Together with liw infection rate, low exposure rate, and good framework for osteoconduction, lyophilized cartilage allograft are regarded as one of the good bone substitutes.
Absorption ; Allografts* ; Bone Density ; Bone Regeneration ; Bone Substitutes ; Cartilage* ; Cleft Lip ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Enophthalmos ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Nose ; Orbit ; Tissue Donors ; Transplants

Screening test of Human Immunodeficiency Virus(HIV) infection was introduced on Korean Blood Donor Test Program in July 1987, and the test results between July 1987 and December 1990 were reported on the Korean Journal of Blood Transfusion on May 1992. Moreover, we assessed anti-HIV ELISA screening test result of 3,905,986 blood donors donated at Korean Red Cross Blood Centers between January 1991 and December 1993. The seropositivity of anti-HIV ELISA screening test was 0.26% in 1991, 0.30% in 1992 and 0.18% in 1993.0.15% of all donors in 1991 was reactive repeatedly, and 0.15% in 1992 and 0.08% in 1993. The prevalence of HIV infected donors confirmed by Western Blot Assay was 0.0003% in 1991, 0.0015% in 1992, and 0.0009% in 1993. The sero-positivities of anti-HIV screening tests with AIDSDIA reagent and HIVIRO reagent were 0.32% and 0.17% and the difference was significantly(p<0.05). The sero-positivities of ELISA screening and Western Blot. Assay detecting anti-HIV were lower in soldier group than in non-soldier donor group (p< 0.05).
Blood Donors* ; Blood Transfusion ; Blotting, Western ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; HIV* ; Humans ; Korea* ; Mass Screening ; Military Personnel ; Prevalence* ; Red Cross ; Tissue Donors

We report a case of 64-year-old female patient who has had factitious skin lesions for 20 years. She complained formification sense and severe itching on her face. These symptoms were improved with squeezing and bleeding. There were scuare shaped ulcerated nodule on the right cheek and white depressed scar on the left cheek. She was treated with wet dressing and occlussive dressing, and skin lesions were nearly cleared within 3 weeks, but new lesion appeared. Pimozide 2mg #1 p.o were given under the diagnosis of delusion of parasitosis from June, 1984. Her symptoms were improved without recurrence till now. Treatment with pimozide in monosymptomatic hypochondriacal syndrome is discussed.
Bandages ; Cheek ; Cicatrix ; Delusions ; Dermatitis* ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Pimozide* ; Pruritus ; Recurrence ; Skin ; Ulcer

No abstract available.
Dysentery, Bacillary*

Treatment of infected nonunions of long bone is confronted with various difficult problem, e.g. eradication of infection and osseous union even in the presence of devastating infection. To solve this problem various method were proved including exerternal fixation, electrical stimulation and functional casting method with some success. Intreating these difficult infected nonunions, we adopted another program which includes through debridment of the infected and necrotic soft tissue and bone, autogenous bone graft, rigid internal fixation of fragments and ope.n drainage of the wound until union of the fracture. We treated 8 cases of infected nonunions with this method from march, 1980 to september 1983 and results are as follows: 1. Satisfactory union was obtained within average 5 months. 2. In some cases pus drainage continued even after osseous union but it was easily controlled after removal of fixation devices. 3. After bone union and removal of internal fixation devices, some kind of protective measures, e.g. crutches and braces were used for about 6 montes to prevent refracture. 4. In conclusion our method is considered to be an effctive means is treating infected nonunion of fractures.
Braces ; Crutches ; Drainage ; Electric Stimulation ; Internal Fixators ; Methods ; Suppuration ; Transplants ; Wounds and Injuries

The authors retrospectively reviewed the operative cases of 28 patients with lower cervical spine injury from August 1991 to July 1996. Data from charts were reviewed the following clinical parameters, e.g.) etiologies, neurologic findings, degrees of recovery, managements including operative treatments, and complications. The lower cervical injury was most common in men in the third decade. The most common cause, mechanism and site of lower cervical injury were motor vehicle accidents, flexion type injury and C5-6 respectively. The head trauma was frequently combined. In most cases operation for stabilization was done around two weeks after the trauma, but for decompression purpose it was done before two weeks. Three patients who had complete neural injuries died due to pneumonia, adult respiratory distress syndrome, and upper gastrointestinal bleeding. A neurological recovery rate was high in incomplete neural injury group. In conclusion, early reduction and decompression of spinal canal in incomplete neural injury group is favorable for good recovery. Careful attention should be paid on the patient with complete injury for the development of serious complications such as upper gastrointestinal bleeding, ARDS and pneumonia.
Craniocerebral Trauma ; Decompression ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Male ; Motor Vehicles ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Pneumonia ; Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Adult ; Retrospective Studies ; Spinal Canal ; Spine*

PURPOSE: This study was designed to investigate the role of NO in cisplatin induced nephrotoxicity of rats, especially in association with expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS) and the effects of iNOS inhibitor. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Male, Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 170-190gm were used. Nephrotoxicity was induced by single intraperitoneal administration of cisplatin(10mg/kg). Aminoguanidine sulfate (300mg/kg), a relatively specific iNOS inhibitor, was administrated 30 minutes prior to cisplatin administration. Individual kidneys were obtained from control, cisplatin single treated and cisplatin combined with aminoguanidine treated rats at 6, 12, 24, 48, 72hours and 7days after cisplatin administration. Serum BUN/creatinine(mg/dl), the unit weight of rat kidney (kidney wet weight/body weight) were estimated. HE stain was performed for histologic evaluation of nephrotoxicity. The expressions of iNOS were assessed by Western blotting and RT-PCR. RESULTS: Serum BUN/creatinine levels in aminoguanidine treated groups were suppressed its increment significantly at 12, 24 and 48 hours compared with cisplatin single treated groups (p<0.05). The unit weight of kidneys in aminoguanidine treated groups were decreased significantly at 24 and 48hours compared with cisplatin single treated groups (p<0.05). Western blotting represents intense iNOS protein bands (117KDa) at 24,48 and 72hours in cisplatin single treated groups. RT-PCR assay for iNOS mRNA (429bp) were weakly expressed in control groups and intense expressions were identified cisplatin single treated and cisplatin combined with aminoguanidine treated groups at 6, 12, 24 and 72hours. CONCLUSIONS: From these results, it is suggested that cisplatin induced nephrotoxicity may be partly mediated by NO. Aminoguanidine may delay or suppress the cisplatin induced nephrotoxicity of rat kidney.
Animals ; Blotting, Western ; Cisplatin* ; Humans ; Kidney ; Male ; Nitric Oxide ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; RNA, Messenger

The aortic dissection is an acute aortic syndrome, caused by an intimal tear and subsequent splitting of the media by the pulsatile blood flow. Though there would be differences in the origin of aortic dissection and therapeutic modalities, the intermediate and long-term prognoses are poor. Endovascular Stent-graft implantation is a revolutionary technique in the treatment of aortic dissection. The endovascular stent grafting in aortic dissection is less invasive and feasible method and is an effective tool for closing the entry site and promoting clot formation, reducing the size of the false lumen. Therefore, endovascular Stent-graft implantation makes possible the desirable remodelling of aorta. We report 33 year-old male with aortic dissection in the thoracic aorta, which was treated with endovascular Stent-graft implantation. Over the favorable remodelling, his dissection was healed completely by the endovascular treatment using Stent-graft.
Adult ; Aorta ; Aorta, Thoracic* ; Blood Vessel Prosthesis ; Humans ; Male ; Prognosis