Recently, straight-wire appliance is widely used with great concern in clinical orthodontic field. The purpose of this study was to collect the information of the straight-wire appliance and to determine the crown inclination in clinical orthodontics. The author analyzed the study model of 78 individuals with normal occlusion. The obtained results were as follows. 1. Mean, maximum value, minimum value and standard deviation of crown inclination of upper and lower teeth were obtained. 2. The lingual crown inclination of upper tooth had constant value from first premolar through second molar, the lingual crown inclination of lower tooth progressively increased from canine through second molar 3. As Howes' ratio was decreased, the crown inclination of upper incisors was increased. 4. Narrowing the upper arch, the crown inclination of upper incisors was increased.
Bicuspid ; Crowns* ; Incisor ; Molar ; Orthodontics ; Tooth

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the coordination and correlation of growth pattern between craniomaxillary complex and mandible, and among the craniofacial region, body-weight and stature 14 boys and 16 girls between 6 and 12 years of age were used in this study. The result were as follows, 1. Total increments and maximum increment in mandible is higher than in craniomaxillary complex during given period and no significant sexual difference existed. 2. The annual growth of craniofacial region did not assume an aspect of constant growth, periodically. 3. Craniofacial growth pattern was mterrelatcd with statute more than with body-weight. 4. The growth behavior of body-weight and stature coincided with the growth of craniofacial region or preceded it in time.
Child* ; Female ; Humans ; Longitudinal Studies* ; Mandible*

Between March 1994 and March 1995, 10 patients with thoracolumbar burst fractures underwent a one-stage operation consisting of anterior decompression, reduction, bony fusion with iliac bone and stabilization with Kaneda device. The mean follow-up was 6.4 Months. Most patients with incomplete neurologic lesions showed postoperative improvement and were upgraded one or two steps in the Frankel scale. No patient showed neurological deterioration after surgery. Loss of reduction was 5.5 degree during follow-up period. Anterior decompression and strut fusion was used to effectively recover the neurological deficit and reduce the pain in a thoraco-lumbar burst fracture.
Decompression ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans

This work describes tamaoxifen, a nonsteroidal antiestrogen compound, which has been used extensively in the treatment of breast cancer on account of its efficacy and relatively low toxicity. It has been reported to inhibit glioma proliferation in all cell line tested, acting by a mechanism independent of estrogen receptor blockade. Tamoxifen causes cytotoxicity at higher concentration(>or=5 micrometer), as compared with control. Our results showed that this compound decreased the rate of cell proliferation in dose-dependent manner. Its treatment against the C6 glioma cells also resulted in enhancement of the antitumor effect. These data suggest that tamoxifen may serve as an useful agent in chemotherapy of glioma.
Breast Neoplasms ; Cell Line ; Cell Proliferation ; Drug Therapy ; Estrogen Receptor Modulators ; Estrogens ; Glioma* ; Tamoxifen*

Trisomy 18, called Edward syndrome, occurs in about 3500-8000 births. It is much more common at conception, with about 95% of cases resulting in spontaneous abortion or stillbirth. Postnatal survival is poor, with the majority of patients dying in early infancy. Characteristic findings include cardiac malformations, mental retardation, growth retardation, a prominent occiput, micrognathia, clenched hands, and rocker-bottom feet, omphalocele. The prenatal sonographic findings of our case include delayed growth, omphalocele, wrist joint fixation, choroid plexus cyst, hydramnios and postnatal gross findings include growth retardation, omphalocele, wirst joint fixation, absence of radius, syndactyly, focal absence of phalanges and flexion deformities of fingers and toes. We report a case of prenatally diagnosed Edward syndrome, which is confirmed by chromosome analysis, with brief review of related literatures.
Abortion, Spontaneous ; Choroid Plexus ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Female ; Fertilization ; Fingers ; Foot ; Hand ; Hernia, Umbilical ; Humans ; Intellectual Disability ; Joints ; Parturition ; Polyhydramnios ; Pregnancy ; Radius ; Stillbirth ; Syndactyly ; Toes ; Trisomy ; Ultrasonography ; Ultrasonography, Prenatal ; Wrist Joint