No abstract available.
Animals ; Interleukin-2 ; Mice*

Regionalization of high-risk perinatal care has been advocated because intensive care for small and ill newborn infants lowers mortality and morbidity. This report is based on analysis of admissions to the Neonatal Intensive Care unit (NICU) at the Wonju christian Hospital during the 4-year period from January, 1988 to December, 1991. There were 786 inborn infants and 1155 outborn infants admitted to the NICU. The results of our study follow; 1) Mean gestational ages were 36.8 weeks in inborn infants and 39.0 weeks in outborn infants. Mean birth weight was 2.5kg in inborn and 3.0kg in outborn infants. 2) The high-risk maternal factors, such as cesarian section delivery, eclampsia, preeclampsia, multiple pregnancy and placental anomaly were significantly more frequent in inborn infants than in outborn infants. 3) Perinatal sphyxia, HMD and transient tachypnea of newborn (TTN) were more common in inborn than in outborn infants, but pneumonia, meconium aspiration syndrome, and seizure were more common in outborn infants. 4) The positivity of bacterial cultures in blood and urine was higher in outborn infants than in inborn infants. The most frequently isolated microorganism was staphylococcus species in both inborn and outborn infants. 5) Hospital days, duration of TPN, duration of mechanical ventilation, frequency of seizure, and frequency of transfusion were longer or more frequent in inborn than in outborn infants. 6) Mortality rate was higher in inborn infants than in outborn infants. 7) In outborn infants, mortality rate was higher in infants whose transporting time was longer than 2 hours than for infants within 2 hour distances. However, this difference was not statistically significant. 8) These findings suggest that many lower birth weight and severly ill infants were not transported to the NICU of Wonju Christian Hospital perhaps due to poor transport systems, distance or socio-economic status. In conclusion, the improvement of transporting systems and socio-economic conditions will be required within this region.
Birth Weight ; Eclampsia ; Female ; Gangwon-do ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Infant* ; Infant, Newborn ; Critical Care ; Intensive Care, Neonatal ; Meconium Aspiration Syndrome ; Mortality ; Perinatal Care ; Pneumonia ; Pre-Eclampsia ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Multiple ; Respiration, Artificial ; Seizures ; Staphylococcus ; Transient Tachypnea of the Newborn

No abstract available.
Colonialism* ; Leprosy*

In 1958, Jackson first reported on the use of proximal tibial osteotomy in the treatment of pain due to osteoarthritis of the knee joint. Subsequently, various osteotomy techniques have been reported. The varus deformity of the knee associated with osteoarthritis can be corrected by realigning the joint and thereby shifting the line of weight bearing to the compartment with preserved articular cartilage. This procedure has been found to relieve pain, improve function and arrest the progress of the condition. Twenty five cases of genu varum associated with osteoarthritis were treated by high tibial osteotomy at Dept. of O.S., Seoul National University Hospital, from July 1976 to June 1983. And the following results were obtained. 1. In a review of 25 high tibial osteotomies, excellent and good results were noted in 80% of the knees after average follow-up 2.9 years. 2. Postoperative valgus angles, ranging from 5° to 20°, were averaged to be 10.8°. 3. Though some authors indicate the obesity as one of risk factors, we obtained satisfactory results in 25 knees of obese patients.
Cartilage, Articular ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Follow-Up Studies ; Genu Varum ; Humans ; Joints ; Knee ; Knee Joint ; Obesity ; Osteoarthritis ; Osteotomy ; Risk Factors ; Seoul ; Weight-Bearing

Vulvar leiomyoma is a rare benign solid tumor of the vulva. Their incidence is not known as most reports are of a single case or small series, and their origin is not known exactly. Most cases are asymptomatic and local excision is recommended as initial therapy and also for recurrences. We have experienced vulvar leiomyoma (the labia majora and vestibule of the vagina) in a 51 years old woman and present it with a brief review of the literatures.
Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Leiomyoma* ; Middle Aged ; Recurrence ; Vulva

Obstructive hydrocephalus caused by tectal glioma, which relived by neuroendoscopy, have been described using 3.0 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging (3T MRI) so far, we present the results obtained from 3T and 7T MRI in this patient. A 21-year-old woman presented at our hospital with gait disturbance, hormonal insufficiency, and urinary incontinence that began prior to 6 years of age. 3.0T MRI revealed a non-enhancing tectal mass along with obstructive hydrocephalus. The mass measured approximately 1.1×1.0×1.2 cm. An endoscopic third ventriculostomy was performed to relieve the hydrocephalus. We compared hydrocephalus and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow findings from 3T and 7T MRI, both preoperative and postoperative at 1, 6 months. Intraventricular CSF voiding on T2-weighted images obtained with 7T MRI showed greater fluid inversion than those obtained with 3T MRI. This study shows that 7T brain MRI can provide detailed information on hydrocephalus caused by tectal glioma. Further studies are needed to develop refined 7T MRI protocols for better images of hydrocephalus.
Brain ; Brain Neoplasms ; Cerebrospinal Fluid ; Female ; Gait ; Glioma* ; Humans ; Hydrocephalus* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Neuroendoscopy ; Urinary Incontinence ; Ventriculostomy ; Young Adult

Angiomyofibroblastoma is a distinctive, hitherto uncharacterized, benign soft tissue tumor of the vulva with histology similar to an aggressive pelvic angiomyxoma. It can be distinguished from an aggressive angiomyxoma by its circumscribed borders, higher cellularity, more numerous blood vessels, the frequent presence of plump stromal cells, minimal stromal mucin, and rarity of erythrocyte extravasation. We experienced a case of angiomyofibroblastoma of the vulva occurring in a 45-year-old woman. The lesion was a well-defined but not encapsulated mass, 4.5x4.2 cm. Histologically the mass was characterized by alternating hypercellular and hypocellular edematous zones in which abundant blood vessels were irregularly distributed. Immunohistochemically, the spindled, plump spindled, and oval stromal cells were reactive for vimentin and desmin, but not for cytokeratin, or S-100 protein.
Female ; Humans

Ganglion is the most common soft tissue tumor which occurs mainly in hand, but it can also occur in any part of the extremity. It is not always necessary to excise the tumor because it seldom cause symptoms severe enough to take operation. We reviewed the patients with ganglion treated surgically. Exculding the cases which were operated under local anesthesia and Bakers cyst, 42 patients were treated surgically from 1983 to 1992. Females were 33, and males 9. Average age at the time of operation, was 40 years (16 to 67). All the cases were analysed retrospectively in terms of surgical indication, anatomical location, size, duration of symptoms, relationship between recurrence and size, and complication. The average duration of follow-up was 1 year 7 months, ranging from 1 year to 4 years. The causes of operation were, cosmetic problem in 6996 (29 cases); pain in 19% (8 cases); and both comesis and pain in 12% (5 cases). The locations were, wrist in 4696 (19 cases); knee 29% (12 cases); foot 12% (5 cases); hand 7% (3 cases); forearm 2% (1 case); ankle 2% (1 case); and elbow 296 (1 case). The size of mass was less than 2.5 cm in 30 cases (71%), and more than 2.5 cm in 12 (29%). (Total average of size was 2.4 cm)The average duration of symptoms were 28 months (1 month 15 years). The recurrence was found in 7 cases: 3 of them (10%) occurred among 30 cases the diameter of which was less than 2.5 cm, and other four (33%) occurred among 12 cases, larger than 2.5 cm. There were no other complications.
Anesthesia, Local ; Ankle ; Elbow ; Extremities ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Foot ; Forearm ; Ganglion Cysts ; Hand ; Humans ; Knee ; Male ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Wrist

PURPOSE: The prevalence of osteoporotic sacral fractures is increasing. Traditionally, conservative treatment is the 1st option, but it can increase the risk of comorbidity in the elderly. To reduce the complications and allow early mobility, iliosacral screw fixation with cement augmentation will be one of the treatment options for patients with osteoporotic sacral fractures. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study reviewed 25 patients (30 cases) who had undergone percutaneous iliosacral screw fixation with cement augmentation for osteoporotic sacral fractures from July 2012 to December 2018 with a minimum follow up of six months. The clinical outcomes were assessed using the measures of pain (visual analogue scale [VAS] score), hospital stay and the date when weight-bearing started. All patients were evaluated radiologically for pull-out of screw, bone-union, and cement-leakage. RESULTS: Bone union was achieved in 30 cases (100%). The mean duration of the hospital stay was 24 days (4–66 days); weight-bearing was performed on an average nine days after surgery. The VAS scores immediately (3.16) and three months after surgery (2.63) were lower than that of the preoperative VAS score (8.3) (p<0.05). No cases of cement-leakage or neurologic symptoms were encountered. Two patients (6.7%) experienced a pulling-out of the screw, but bone-union was accomplished without any additional procedures. CONCLUSION: Percutaneous iliosacral fixation with cement augmentation will be an appropriate and safe surgical option for osteoporotic sacral fractures in the elderly in terms of early weight-bearing, pain reduction, and bone-union.
Aged ; Comorbidity ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Length of Stay ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Osteoporotic Fractures ; Prevalence ; Sacrum ; Weight-Bearing

Purpose: To determine if it is feasible and safe for a surgeon to transition from using the posterolateral approach to direct anterior approach (DAA) by evaluating the first 53 cases of total hip arthroplasty using a DAA. Materials and Methods: A retrospective review of 52 patients who underwent THA using a DAA between July 2017 and December 2018. Reasons for THA were: femoral neck fracture (n=34), avascular necrosis (n=13), and arthritis (n=6). The mean age was 70 years old. An assessment of feasibility was made by analyzing mean operative time and blood loss. Cup inclination, anteversion, and leg length discrepancy (LLD) were measured using postoperative radiology. Safety of the DAA was judged using the incidence and nature of all complications. Results: The mean operative time was 112 minutes. 135 minutes for the 1st 10 cases, 100 minutes for 2nd 10 cases, 113 minutes for 3rd 10 cases, 119 minutes for 4th 10 cases, and 91 minutes for the final 13 cases. The mean blood loss was 724 mL. Average cup inclination was 40.27。; 2 cases were out of safety angle. Mean anteversion was 16.18。. No intraoperative fractures or infections were observed. LLD was detected in 3 cases, one of which underwent revision due to walking difficulty. Dislocation occurred in 3 cases, all within the first 20 cases, however, there was no recurrent dislocation. Conclusion DAA for THA was deemed to be feasible and safe based on an assessment of operative time, blood loss and complications.