No abstract available.
Abscess*

No abstract available.
Alopecia Areata ; Alopecia ; Humans ; Prognosis

PURPOSE: This study was done to identify the influence of nursing work environment and social support on multidimensional organizational commitment among nurses. METHODS: The survey was conducted in August 2012 with self-report questionnaire. Participants were 480 registered nurses working in one general hospital. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression using SPSS/WIN(16.0). RESULTS: The average scores were; for affective commitment 2.84, for continuance commitment 2.48, and for normative commitment 2.57. There were significant relationships between affective, continuance, normative commitment and sub-factors of nursing work environment and social support. The affective, continuance, and normative commitment were all influenced by 'staffing and resource adequacy' and 'nursing foundations for quality of care', sub-factors of nursing work environment. Distinctively, affective commitment was influenced by 'staffing and resource adequacy', nurses' age, 'nurse-doctor relations', 'supervisor's emotional support', 'nurse participation in hospital affairs', 'nursing foundations for quality of care', and 'supervisor's informational support', which explained 30.9% of variance in affective commitment(F=31.57, p<.001). CONCLUSION: The findings show that programs which promote supervisors' emotional and informational support are important to enhance nurses' affective commitment. Also, it is necessary to improve nursing work environment to improve nurses' organizational commitment.
Foundations ; Hospitals, General* ; Nursing* ; Surveys and Questionnaires

It has been known that right ACA occlusions can cause callosal disconnection syndrome. A 61-year old right-handed man was admitted because of a left ACA occlusion. MRI showed infarction of the medial frontal cortex and the anterior two-thirds of the corpus callosum. He presented with weakness and gait initiation failure in the right leg with grasp reflex, suspicious alien hand sign, and tactile anomia in the right hand. He was diagnosed with transcortical motor aphasia. He was unable to successfully complete written tasks in response to dictations and writing down spontaneous answers. He wrote down incorrect words and demonstrated paragraphism with his left hand. He could copy simple items but not written words and complex items with his left hand. Finally, he had difficulties in writing answers in response to complex verbal and written commands with his left hand, but preserved the ability to simple verbal commands, somato-sensory, and visually guided tasks. We attribute these results to the anterior callosal disconnection of the right sensorimotor cortex from the left language area.
Anomia ; Anterior Cerebral Artery ; Aphasia, Broca ; Corpus Callosum ; Emigrants and Immigrants ; Gait ; Hand ; Hand Strength ; Humans ; Infarction ; Leg ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Middle Aged ; Reflex ; Writing

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Ankylosis ; Fascia ; Temporal Muscle ; Temporomandibular Joint

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to identify the risk factors of metabolic syndrome (MS) and to analyze the relationship between the risk factors of MS and medical cost of major diseases related to MS in Korean workers, according to the scale of the enterprise. METHODS: Data was obtained from annual physical examinations, health insurance qualification and premiums, and health insurance benefits of 4,094,217 male and female workers who underwent medical examinations provided by the National Health Insurance Corporation in 2009. Logistic regression analyses were used to the identify risk factors of MS and multiple regression was used to find factors associated with medical expenditures due to major diseases related to MS. RESULT: The study found that low-income workers were more likely to work in small-scale enterprises. The prevalence rate of MS in males and females, respectively, was 17.2% and 9.4% in small-scale enterprises, 15.9% and 8.9% in medium-scale enterprises, and 15.9% and 5.5% in large-scale enterprises. The risks of MS increased with age, lower income status, and smoking in small-scale enterprise workers. The medical costs increased in workers with old age and past smoking history. There was also a gender difference in the pattern of medical expenditures related to MS. CONCLUSIONS: Health promotion programs to manage metabolic syndrome should be developed to focus on workers who smoke, drink, and do little exercise in small scale enterprises.
Female ; Health Expenditures ; Health Promotion ; Humans ; Insurance, Health ; Korea* ; Logistic Models ; Male ; National Health Programs ; Physical Examination ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors ; Smoke ; Smoking

No abstract available.
Niemann-Pick Disease, Type A*

To determine effects of the direction of the rotational work shifting on the circadian rhythm and adaptation of physiological and psychological components were investigated with nursing students. Two groups of seven volunteers participated as experimental subjects, and eight nursing students participated as a control group. The directions of rotation work shift were as follows : CW(clockwise)-shift system rotation in the direction of day shift(3 lays), evening shift(3days), off duty(1day) and night shift(5days). and CCW(counterclockwise)-shift system rotation in the reverse direction. Urinary free cortisol and 17-hydroxycorticoster oids in the urine were measured by the solid-phase radioimmunoassay and the colorimetry methods, re spectively. Plasma melatonin was measured by radioimmunoassay. The urinary free cotisol rhythm changed to ir-regular on the evening and night shift in the CCW shift system, whereas the rhythm seems to adapt on night shift in the CW shift system. The daily rhythms of urinary 17-OHCS indicate that they are well synchronized to shift work. These results show that the rotation of shift in the CW direction is more acceptable in terms of the adaptation of hormonal rhythms. These results indicate that the CCW rotation of shift work makes it more difficult for the workers to adapt on a physiological level, and has many more negative effects on nurses when compared with the CW rotation. Thus, a clockwise rotating shift systern seems to be more desirable for the optimal health and performance of nurses.
Circadian Rhythm* ; Colorimetry ; Humans ; Hydrocortisone* ; Melatonin ; Plasma ; Radioimmunoassay ; Students, Nursing ; Volunteers

urpose:Adipocyte specific hormone, leptin is thought to regulate appetite and body weight, and serum level of leptin correlate with body fat content not only in adulthood but also in childhood. Adults who received cranial irradiation for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia are prone to hypothalamic damage in the form of growth hormone deficiency and leptin insensitivity. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of total body irradiation on serum leptin concentration at short- term follow-up. METHODS:Twenty-four acute leukemia patients undergoing bone marrow transplantation(BMT) were enrolled in this study. They were divided into total body irradiation(TBI) group(n=13) and non total body irradiation(NTBI) group(n=11). Body mass index and leptin concentration at 1 week before BMT and 1 day, 1 week and 4 weeks after BMT were checked. Serum leptin concentration was measured by RIA method. RESULTS:Leptin concentration was well correlated with BMI(r=0.689, P<0.05). BMI were 17.96+/-2.48, 17.58+/-2.39, 17.39+/-2.30, 17.74+/-2.31 in TBI group and 16.91+/-1.88, 16.53+/-1.91, 16.50+/-1.96, 16.78+/-1.82 in NTBI group at 1 week before BMT and 1 day, 1 week and 4 weeks after BMT. Lepin concentrations were 4.31+/-3.57ng/ml, 3.22+/-2.87ng/ml, 3.78+/-4.41ng/ml, 3.46+/-2.96ng/ml in TBI group and 3.46+/-1.84ng/ml, 2.60+/-1.11ng/ml, 2.71+/-1.61ng/ml, 3.61+/-3.27ng/ml in NTBI group at 1 week before BMT and 1 day, 1 week and 4 weeks after BMT. BMI was different at each time period(P<0.05) but not different between two groups. Lepin concentration was not different between two groups and at each time period. CONCLUSION: Serum leptin concentration was not changed, but BMI was significantly decreased by total body irradiation at short-term follow-up.
Adipose Tissue ; Adult ; Appetite ; Body Mass Index ; Body Weight ; Bone Marrow Transplantation* ; Bone Marrow* ; Child* ; Cranial Irradiation ; Follow-Up Studies ; Growth Hormone ; Humans ; Leptin* ; Leukemia* ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; Whole-Body Irradiation*