No abstract available.
Amniotic Band Syndrome* ; Anencephaly* ; Infant, Newborn

No abstract available.
Pancytopenia* ; Pneumonia*

No abstract available.
Compartment Syndromes*

Movement disorders associated with glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) autoantibodies have rarely been reported as ataxia or tremors. A 32-year-old man with headache and fever, initially diagnosed with viral meningoencephalitis, showed gradual improvement with empirical treatment. Two weeks after the illness, he suddenly developed orofacial, tongue, and neck dyskinesia accompanied by oculomotor abnormalities, which developed into severe generalized choreoballism. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (fluid-attenuated inversion recovery) showed signal hyperintensities in the bilateral globus pallidus interna. The clinical picture suggested an acute inflammatory trigger of secondary autoimmune encephalitis. The autoimmune antibody test was positive for GFAP, with the strongest reactivity in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) before treatment and decreased reactivity in serial CSF examinations during immunotherapy. Dyskinesia gradually improved to the extent that it could be controlled with only oral medications. This patient presented with parainfectious GFAP meningoencephalitis with distinctive clinical features and imaging findings.

The interlocking nail is used as a valuable method in treating humerus shaft fracture because of the merit, including relatively simple procedure, one of the most stable fixation methods, and allowing early ROM excericise and low complication. Fourteen pateints with humerus shaft fractures were treated using interlocking nail at the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Paik Hospital from Jan.1993 to Oct.1994. l. Among the 14 pateints, average age was 34.8 years and 9 cases were male and the most common cause of injury was traffic accident. 2. Associated injury including 3 cases of ipsilateral scapular fracture, I case of ipsilateral clavicle fracture, and 1 case of brachial plexus injury, and 1 case of radial nerve injury. 3. The mean duration of the radiologic bone union was 8.6 weeks. 4. There was no serious post operative complication such as non-union, infection, bending or rotational deformity at fracture site, impingement syndrome, metal failure of the nail or interlocking screws. 5. To prevent the impingement syndrom and rotator cuff injury, we countersinked the proximal end of the nail into the humeral head and minimized skin incision.
Accidents, Traffic ; Brachial Plexus ; Clavicle ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Humans ; Humeral Head ; Humerus ; Male ; Methods ; Radial Nerve ; Rotator Cuff ; Skin ; Tibia

We would like to correct the phrases.

An undifferentiated (embryonal) sarcoma of the liver (USL) is a rare and highly malignant hepatic neoplasm of mesenchymal origin. This tumor almost exclusively affects pediatric patients, with a poor prognosis. The highest incidence is noted in pediatric patients, usually from 5~10 years of age, but only 43 cases of USL have been reported in adults worldwide since it was first as a clinicopathological entity. With a USL in adults, most patients are known to have died within 1 year of diagnosis. The absence of specific symptoms, rapid tumor growth, normality of common tumor markers and the consequential delay in diagnosis often result in significant enlargement of the tumor, with a poor prognosis. Various therapeutic modalities have been attempted in adult patients, but only a few long-term survivors have been reported. Herein, our experience of a 42-year-old female patient who is still alive, 55 months after the first resection for a USL is reported.
Adult* ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Liver Neoplasms ; Liver* ; Prognosis ; Sarcoma* ; Survivors* ; Biomarkers, Tumor

PURPOSE: Climacturia is involuntary loss of urine during orgasm. The mechanism of climacturia in men who undergo radical prostatectomy (RP) is not fully understood, while deficiency in bladder neck coaptation during orgasm may be the cause. We evaluated the prevalence and risk factors of climacturia after RP. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of prostate cancer patients who underwent RP from 2002 to 2013 and was able to have a vaginal intercourse postoperatively. RP was conducted using open or robot-assisted approach. We analysed the symptoms of climacturia, relationship between climacturia and several clinical factors. Also, we tried to find factors to predict the presence of climacturia. RESULTS: Total of 123 patients were analyzed in this study. The median age of the men was 65 year and postoperative follow-up period for the interview was 37 months. Of the total 123 patients, 29 (23.6%) complained of the climacturia. In climacturia group, robot-assisted RP (p=0.018), nerve-sparing (p=0.046) and penile rehabilitation (p=0.012) were significantly less frequent, and more pad were comsumed (p=0.001) compared to non-climacturia group. On multivariable analysis, post-prostatectomy incontinence (PPI) (OR 6.49, p=0.004) and penile rehabilitation (OR 0.22, p=0.036) were significant factors to predict the presence of climacturia. CONCLUSIONS: Climacturia occurs in more than 20% patients who were potent enough after RP in our study. PPI and penile rehabilitation were positive and negative factor to predict an occurrence of climacturia, respectively. Therefore, in addition to PPI and erectile dysfunction, patients must be informed of this complication before undergoing RP.
Erectile Dysfunction ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Medical Records ; Neck ; Orgasm ; Prevalence ; Prostatectomy* ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; Rehabilitation ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Incontinence

Common blue nevi are solitary, asymptomatic blue-gray, or blue-black papules, usually less than 10 mm in diameter. Rarely, lesions may be multiple and agminated or arranged in large plaques. Common blue nevi may occur anywhere, but about half the reported cases present on the dorsa of hands and feet, whereas the plaque-type blue nevi occur mainly on the trunk and extremities. Histopathologically, the plaque-type blue nevi are reported to be common or cellular. We report a rare case of plaque-type blue nevus on the right temporal area in a 32-year-old female.
Adult ; Extremities ; Female ; Foot ; Hand ; Humans ; Nevus, Blue ; Scalp

To understand the mechanism of cell injury when exposed to HgCl2, monitoring of cytosolic ionized free Ca2+([Ca2+]i), viability test, measurement of the amount of ATP, and Ca-ATPase activity were evaluated in cultured rabbit renal tubular cells(RTC) exposed to HgCl2. The results were as follows: 1) HgCl2 was cytotoxic to rabbit RTC at all doses except 10 uM and the rate of killing displayed a dose- and time-dependent relationship. 2) The absence of extracellular Ca provided partial protection from irreversible injury induced by HgCl2. 3) The increasing pattem of [Ca2+]i varied according to the concentrations of HgCl2. At the low concentrations of HgCl2 (2.5-10 microM), the level of [Ca2+]i increased slowly over the flat 2-3 min and then achieved plateau-state. In contrast, at the high concentrations of HgCl2 (25-100 microM) the level of [Ca2+]i achieved peak within 1 min and then decreased to a plateau state under normal concentrations. 4) The level of ATP was decreased to 27.5% of that of normal control cells within 3 min by using a treatment of 100 microM HgCl2. 5) HgCl2 did not affect the Ca2+ ATPase activity by enzyme histochemical observation. These findings suggest that the elevation of [Ca2+]i in response to the HgCl2-induced injury is an important event in accelerating injury that ultimately leads to cell death. But other possibilities such as HgCl2 might have direct deleterious effects on the also should be considered.
Rabbits ; Animals