1.Verification of the Korean Version of the Dental Fear Survey
Ah Hyeon KIM ; Eun Suk AHN ; So Youn AN
Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine 2019;19(6):361-367
BACKGROUND: Although studies on dental fear in relation to sex and age have been conducted, there have been few nationwide studies particularly on the youth sector. In addition, no validity and reliability verifications have been implemented for new research groups on the Korean version of the Dental Fear Survey (K-DFS). Therefore, this study aimed to apply the K-DFS developed in a previous study on Korean youth to draw conclusions on dental fear among the youth.METHODS: This study used the K-DFS, a Korean translation of Kleinknecht's Dental Fear Survey for elementary school, middle school, and high school students. This study selected 2,161 young people of various ages as participants and increased the validity of the research results by expanding nationwide the scope of the study area.RESULTS: Differences in fear levels according to sex were higher in boys fear behavior scores than in girls' regarding dental treatment (P < 0.05). Students with dental fear had higher scores on items associated with dental treatment and fear of dental stimuli compared with students without dental fear (P < 0.05). Differences were observed among the three groups (P < 0.05). However, the results of logistic regression analysis showed no statistically significant differences for dental visits based on sex, grade, and other subcomponents (P > 0.05).CONCLUSION: By verifying the validity of the newly developed K-DFS, this research confirmed its utility as a dental fear questionnaire. Therefore, there can be no objection that the grounds for criticism have been established according to conventional wisdom. In the future, however, developing and studying the limits of K-DFS that overcome the factors of dental fear, especially pain, will help reduce dental fear in adolescents.
Adolescent
;
Dental Anxiety
;
Humans
;
Logistic Models
;
Reproducibility of Results
;
Surveys and Questionnaires
2.Efficacy of Fluvastatin in Patients with Hypercholesterolemia
Moon Ho KANG ; Sung Gwang LEE ; Jung Ho YOUN ; Tae Suk KIM ; Seung Woon AHN
Journal of Korean Society of Endocrinology 1996;11(1):75-84
Background: Fluvastatin is the first entirely synthetic 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A(HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitor. Clinical data indicate that this agent exhibits the proven efficacy of its class and also has some theoretical advantages in safety for long-term use because of its unique pharmacololgic property consistent with hepatoselectivity(i.e., low systemic exposure). This study is to evaluate efficacy and safety of fluvastatin in hypercholesterolemic patients in Korea. Methods: An open clinical trial with fluvastatin was conducted in 31 subjects who continued to have high blood cholesterol levels of 6.21 mmol/L(240 mg/dl) or greater after 1 month of lipid-lowering diet plus single blind placebo period. Fluvastatin was administered for 8 weeks with the initial dose of 20 mg per day and if serum cholesterol levels did not fall below 5.20 mmol/L(200 mg/dl) after 4 weeks the dose was increased to 40 mg per day for the second 4 weeks. On each visit every 4 weeks they underwent interview and laboratory tests about side effects and tolerability. Results: The mean % changes in plasma total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol from baseline were
Cholesterol
;
Creatine Kinase
;
Diet
;
Humans
;
Hypercholesterolemia
;
Korea
;
Oxidoreductases
;
Plasma
;
Sleep Stages
;
Triglycerides
3.Thoracoscopic Sympathectomy for Hyperhidrosis Lowers Arterial Pressure Measured in Ipsilateral Arm.
Yong Seok OH ; Won Shik AHN ; Youn Suk LEE ; Seoung Hyun LEE
Korean Journal of Anesthesiology 1998;34(6):1216-1220
BACKGROUND: Thoracoscopic sympathectomy seems to be a safe therapeutic procedure without a severe complication. Hypotension has been often reported as one of postoperative complications, but intraoperative changes in blood pressure (BP) were not studied. However, authors' past experience of thoracic sympathectomy told that intraoperative BP reduction could be observed only when measured in ipsilateral arm. During general anesthesia, BP reduction might be a crucial, which could be associated with complication. Authors conducted this study to establish whether BP reduction is confined to ipsilateral arm, or is systemic phenomenon in thoracoscopic sympathectomy. METHODS: Twenty healthy, male and female patients scheduled for one stage thoracoscopic thoracic sympathectomy were prepared for this study. Without premedication, invasive BP monitoring was taken place in bilateral radial arteries. General anesthesia was induced with low dose of fentanyl, propofol and vecuronium. Endotracheal intubation was done with double lumen tube and anesthesia was maintained with variable concentrations of isoflurane in 100% oxygen. Sympathetomies were done for T2~3 during one lung ventilation. BP and palmar temperature were recorded at arrival, after one lung ventilation, after sympathectomy, 5 min, 10 min, after two lung ventilation. BPs and temperatures were analyzed by time and groups. RESULTS: Concurrent with initiation of sympathectomy, BP was reduced only in ipsilateral radial artery. Mean BP decrement was almost 11% (right side: 80 +/- 11 mmHg -> 71 +/- 15 mmHg; left side: 80 +/- 14 mmHg -> 71 +/- 9 mmHg; both of p<0.05). It was accompanied with ipsilateral palmar temperature elevation (right side: 1.28 degrees C; left side: 1.19 degrees C; both of p<0.05). CONCLUSION: Conclusively, BP reduction in thoracic sympathectomy is a change confined to ipsilateral arm, which seems because of peripheral vasodilation.
Anesthesia
;
Anesthesia, General
;
Arm*
;
Arterial Pressure*
;
Blood Pressure
;
Female
;
Fentanyl
;
Humans
;
Hyperhidrosis*
;
Hypotension
;
Intubation, Intratracheal
;
Isoflurane
;
Lung
;
Male
;
One-Lung Ventilation
;
Oxygen
;
Postoperative Complications
;
Premedication
;
Propofol
;
Radial Artery
;
Sympathectomy*
;
Vasodilation
;
Vecuronium Bromide
;
Ventilation
4.A case of microscopic polyarteritis associated with recurrent pulmonary hemorrhage.
Ji Youn BAE ; Sang Soon LIM ; Yoon Suk LEE ; Kwang Ho IN ; Se Hwa YOO ; Tae Hoon AHN
Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases 1991;38(4):389-395
No abstract available.
Hemorrhage*
5.Secondary Breast Reconstruction.
Hee Chang AHN ; Yong Su AHN ; Youn Hwan KIM ; Seung Suk CHOI
Journal of the Korean Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgeons 2009;36(6):761-766
PURPOSE: Secondary breast reconstruction is defined as a whole reconstructive procedure to correct complications and to improve the aesthetics when a patient is dissatisfied with her initial reconstruction. We would like to present these particular procedures on previously failed breast reconstruction with analysis of unsatisfactory results. METHODS: From June 2002 to August 2008, we performed secondary breast reconstructions for 10 patients with failed breasts. Six patients with implant failure underwent secondary breast reconstructions using free TRAM flaps after the removal of implants. Two patients with partial loss of pedicled TRAM flaps underwent secondary breast reconstruction using Latissimus Dorsi flaps. Two patients with 1 total loss of free TRAM flap and 1 extensive fat necrosis underwent secondary breast reconstruction using implants. RESULTS: The average age of the patients were 36.4 years (26 - 47 years). All flaps survived completely and had relatively good aesthetic results in free TRAM cases. There was breast asymmetry in one patient using cohesive gell implants in total loss of previously free TRAM patient, which was corrected by exchanging the implants and placing dermofat grafts. CONCLUSION: Secondary breast reconstruction differs from primary procedures in several aspects; there are changes in the anatomy and tissue environment of the breasts, and various limitations in choosing reconstruction methods. In addition, the patients may be uncomfortable with previous complication. It is important to consider various factors before deciding to undergo a secondary breast reconstruction carefully with informed consent.
Breast
;
Esthetics
;
Fat Necrosis
;
Female
;
Humans
;
Informed Consent
;
Mammaplasty
6.Quantity and Quality Assessment of Randomized Controlled Trials Published in Five Korean Medical Journals, from 1980 to 2000.
Suk Won KIM ; Youn Seon CHOI ; Hyung Sik AHN ; Hoi Young LEE ; Duck Sun AHN ; Young Mee LEE
Journal of the Korean Academy of Family Medicine 2004;25(2):118-125
BACKGROUND: As evidence-based medicine is getting popular recently, the importance of randomized controlled trial as a research methodology is also getting highlighted. This study was conducted in order to identify the status quo of randomized controlled trial research in major domestic journals and to provide baseline data for constructing Korean clinical trial database such CCTR (Cochrane Clinical Trial Registry). METHODS: Five journals issued by domestic publication industry were selected, out of which 127,560 original articles, equal to 253 volumes, were investigated. The author extracted the articles, which performed prospective clinical trial, targeting human beings. The selected papers were analyzed with experts to single out randomized controlled trial among them. Furthermore, the quality of the re-selected ones were assessed according to Jadad Quaility Assessment Scale. RESULTS: After analysis, it turned out that the number of papers adopting prospective clinical trial were 406 volumes (3.2%) of 12,760 and that they increased from 157 in 1980s to 224 in 1990s. However, the percentage of prospective clinical trial monographs, introduced during 1980s and 1990s, remained 2.0 to 4.0. The number of randomized controlled trial-based papers were 115, accounting for 0.9% of total articles. The number of RCT increased to approximately two fold from 1980s to 1990s. Quality analysis showed that among a total of 115 RCT papers, those of scoring 1 and 3 were 16 (13.9%), 82 articles obtained score 2 (72.2%). There was no papers, which won the marks of 4 and 5. CONCLUSION: It was found that domestic randomized controlled trial research was weak both in number and quality. Therefore, it is necessary to activate clinical medicine study with good quality to upgrade the amount and quality of monographs.
Clinical Medicine
;
Evidence-Based Medicine
;
Humans
;
Publications
;
Research Design
7.Postoperative Complications Following Cochlear Implantation in Patients with Inner Ear Anomalies.
Joong Ho AHN ; Youn Suk AHN ; Jong Woo CHUNG ; Kwang Sun LEE
Korean Journal of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery 2007;50(4):291-295
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Cochlear implantation is regarded as a safe and effective treatment for patients with profound sensorineural hearing loss. However, a few patients, especially with inner ear anomalies, suffer from complications with variable degrees after operation. This study reports various complications encountered in patients with inner ear anomalies undergoing cochlear implantation in 3rd referreral center. SUBJECTS AND METHOD: We retrospectively analyzed 342 patients who had cochlear implantation between April 1999 and December 2005. There were 70 patients with various inner ear anomalies. Immediate and delayed complications were defined according to their onset which happened within or over 1 week. Minor and Major complications were defined according to their severity which needed further operation or management. RESULTS: Among 342 patients, there were 35 cases (10.2%) with various postoperative complications. In patients with inner ear anomalies, the total number of complications was 20 cases (28.6%). There were 4 cases (5.7%) of major complications including facial nerve palsy, recurrent meningitis, device failure, and cerebrospinal fluid leakage. Reimplantation was performed in 3 cases (4.3%). CONCLUSION: Although the rate of postoperative complications in patients with inner ear anomalies was higher than in patients with normal inner ear, most of them were minor and could be managed with conservative treatments. The tolerable rate of major complications suggests that cochlear implantation is a safe operation even for patients with inner ear anomalies.
Cerebrospinal Fluid
;
Cochlear Implantation*
;
Cochlear Implants*
;
Ear, Inner*
;
Equipment Failure
;
Facial Nerve
;
Hearing Loss, Sensorineural
;
Humans
;
Meningitis
;
Paralysis
;
Postoperative Complications*
;
Replantation
;
Retrospective Studies
8.Implementing a Communication Skills Course for Undergraduate Medical Students.
Young Mee LEE ; Youn Jae OH ; Duck Sun AHN ; Suk Min YOON
Korean Journal of Medical Education 2007;19(2):171-175
PURPOSE: The purposes of this study were to describe a viable communication skills course for medical students and to discuss how to improve it for better teaching. METHODS: The subjects were a communication skills course and one hundred thirty three third-year medical students who participated in the course in 2006. Program evaluation by students was conducted using questionnaire at the end of each session and the entire course. RESULTS: The communication course was named as "Medical Communication Skills". Basic communication skills and interview skills for specific clinical situations were taught. We used experiential leaning methods such as standardized patient (SP) interviews with feedback. Students rated the course highly especially for SP-based practice sessions and student group projects. The course evaluation indicated that the students considered communication skills to be significantly more important as a clinical competency after the completion of the course. CONCLUSION: We confirmed that the communication skills course was well perceived by medical students and they preferred experiential learning methods more than didactic methods.
Humans
;
Problem-Based Learning
;
Program Evaluation
;
Students, Medical*
;
Surveys and Questionnaires
9.A case of malignant T cell lymphoma of chest wall.
Eai Suk HWANG ; Hyung Jung KIM ; Jong Hwa LEE ; Chul Min AHN ; Sung Kyu KIM ; Won Young LEE ; Sang Jin KIM ; Youn Jung CHOI ; Woo Hee JUNG
Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases 1993;40(2):192-196
No abstract available.
Lymphoma, T-Cell*
;
Thoracic Wall*
;
Thorax*
10.A Comparison of the Effects of Remifentanil and Alfentanil on Hemodynamic Responses to Endotracheal Intubation in Hypertensive Patients.
Eun Sook YOO ; Eun Kyoung AHN ; Sang Hwa KANG ; Youn Suk KIM
Anesthesia and Pain Medicine 2008;3(2):114-117
BACKGROUND: Laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation often provoke an undesirable increase in blood pressure and heart rate. This response may be exaggerated in patients with essential hypertension. We compared the effect of administration of remifentanil and alfentanil on the hemodynamic responses to endotracheal intubation in patients with essential hypertension. METHODS: Forty patients with essential hypertension were allocated into two groups. The remifentanil group received 0.5micro g/kg remifentanil followed by an infusion of 0.25microg/kg/min remifentanil. The alfentanil group received 10microg/kg alfentanil intravenously. Anesthesia was induced with thiopental and vecuronium, and was maintained with 2 vol% sevoflurane with 100% oxygen. Laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation were performed 3 min after vecuronium administration. Arterial blood pressure and heart rate were measured in patients after arrival at the operating room and before and after intubation. RESULTS: The systolic and mean blood pressure after intubation showed significantly higher values in the alfentanil group of patients than in the remifentanil group of patients. There was no significant difference in blood pressure measured at baseline and after intubation in the remifentanil group of patients, but blood pressure showed significantly higher values after intubation in the alfentanil group of patients. Heart rate showed significantly higher values after intubation than at baseline in each group of patients. CONCLUSIONS: These results show that the administration of 0.5micro g/kg remifentanil followed by an infusion of 0.25microg/kg/min remifentanil attenuated the pressor response to endotracheal intubation more significantly than the administration of 10microg/kg alfentanil in patients with essential hypertension.
Alfentanil
;
Anesthesia
;
Arterial Pressure
;
Blood Pressure
;
Heart Rate
;
Hemodynamics
;
Humans
;
Hypertension
;
Intubation
;
Intubation, Intratracheal
;
Laryngoscopy
;
Methyl Ethers
;
Operating Rooms
;
Oxygen
;
Piperidines
;
Thiopental
;
Vecuronium Bromide