BACKGROUND: In recent years, the incidence of obesity increased in Koreans. The main cause suggested is the diet style of Korean changed to that of Western. It has been proved that obesity is a risk factor or an aggravating factor of hypertension and diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, etc. Primary physician has been interested in the correlation of blood pressure with relative body weight and aging. The purpose of this study was to focus on the influence of age and relative body weight on blood pressure. METHODS: Subjects were collected from 2,068 adults who had received Adult Health Examination. That subjects were divided according to age, relative body weight and then the relation of blood pressure with age according to relative body weight and relation with relative body weight according to age were investigated. RESULTS: Systolic blood pressure increased significantly according to age in all male and female three weight groups and then increased significantly according to relative body weight in all male and female three age groups except male seventh decade group. Diastolic blood pressure increased significantly according to age in all male and female three weight groups except male obesity group and then increased significantly according to the relative body weight in all male and female three age groups except male and female seventh decade groups. Systolic blood pressure has higher correlation with age than relative body weight and diastolic blood pressure has higher correlation with relative body weight in male. In female, systolic and diastolic blood pressure have higher correlations with age. CONCLUSIONS: It can be suggested that blood pressure increase significantly according to aging process and relative body weight. These two factors have a little different effects to systolic and diastolic blood pressure according to sex. Relative body weight has more effect to diastolic blood pressure than systolic blood pressure in male.
Adult ; Aging ; Blood Pressure* ; Body Weight ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Diet ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Incidence ; Male ; Obesity* ; Risk Factors

The effect of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) eradication on the development of metachronous recurrence after endoscopic resection (ER) of gastric adenoma is not well defined. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of H. pylori eradication after ER of gastric adenoma for the prevention of metachronous recurrence. A systematic literature review and meta-analysis were conducted using the databases Ovid-MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, KoreaMed, and KMBASE. Thus, a systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to investigate this relationship. Pooled risk ratio for metachronous gastric lesions with regard to H. pylori eradication was calculated, and heterogeneity was also measured. Five eligible studies were finally identified in systematic review, and included in meta-analysis. H. pylori eradication was associated with overall 55% lower odds of metachronous events (RR=0.55; 95 % CI 0.34-0.92). Based on the best available evidence, eradication of H. pylori can also provide protection against metachronous recurrence after ER of gastric adenoma.

The effect of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) eradication on the development of metachronous recurrence after endoscopic resection (ER) of gastric adenoma is not well defined. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of H. pylori eradication after ER of gastric adenoma for the prevention of metachronous recurrence. A systematic literature review and meta-analysis were conducted using the databases Ovid-MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, KoreaMed, and KMBASE. Thus, a systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to investigate this relationship. Pooled risk ratio for metachronous gastric lesions with regard to H. pylori eradication was calculated, and heterogeneity was also measured. Five eligible studies were finally identified in systematic review, and included in meta-analysis. H. pylori eradication was associated with overall 55% lower odds of metachronous events (RR=0.55; 95 % CI 0.34-0.92). Based on the best available evidence, eradication of H. pylori can also provide protection against metachronous recurrence after ER of gastric adenoma.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of communication competence and burnout on nursing performance in intensive care units (ICU). METHOD: The participants were 209 nurses from four university hospitals. Measurements included a socio-demographic and job related survey, communication competence inventory, the Maslach burnout inventory and a nursing performance scale. Data were collected from February 6 to 24, 2012, with a self-report questionnaire. The statistical analyses were performed with SPSS 18.0 software. RESULTS: The mean scores for communication competence, burnout and nursing performance were 50.49, 84.72, and 62.18, respectively. Communication competence (r=.44, p<.001) and burn out (r=-.32, p<.001) were significantly correlated with nursing performance. In the multiple linear regression, factors influencing nursing performance were communication competence, age and burnout. These variables explained about 46% of the total variance of nursing performance. Communication competence (beta=.34, p%.001) was the most influential factor. CONCLUSION: Nurses' poor communication skills and burnout can influence the occurrences of medical errors in ICU nursing performance. The results suggest that good communication and burnout resolution skills programs should be implemented to improve nursing performance efficiency.
Burns ; Hospitals, University ; Critical Care ; Intensive Care Units ; Linear Models ; Medical Errors ; Mental Competency ; Surveys and Questionnaires

PURPOSE: To evaluate the influence of a silicone tube on tear drainage in patients with a healed rhinostomy site after dacryocystorhinostomy. METHODS: The subjects of the present study included the patients for whom the removal of a silicone tube was performed after dacryocystorhinostomy for acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction. The silicone tube was removed after the rhinostomy site was completely healed. The tear drainage function was evaluated using the fluorescein dye disappearance test at the following 3 time points: immediately before, immediately after, and 1 month after silicone tube removal. In addition, a Schirmer test was performed and tear break-up time was measured at each time point. To study the correlation between the measured values and subjective tearing symptoms, self-report questionnaires were given to each patient at his/her last visit. RESULTS: The 3 measured values showed no statistical difference between the 3 time points, immediately before, immediately after, and 1 month after silicone tube removal. When the patients were divided into groups according to their subjective symptomatic changes after silicone tube removal, no group showed statistically significant difference in the 3 measured values before, between, and after silicone tube removal. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with a healed rhinostomy site after dacryocystorhinostomy, the removal of the silicone tube did not induce a change of tear drainage function. Therefore, based on the results from the present study, a silicone tube may not have influence on tear drainage functions.
Dacryocystorhinostomy ; Drainage ; Fluorescein ; Humans ; Nasolacrimal Duct ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Silicones ; Tears

Gartner duct cysts are relatively common congenital cysts in the anterolateral wall of the vagina. Most are small (less than 2 cm) and asymptomatic, but larger cysts may cause problems. We report a rare case of a giant Gartner duct cyst (7 cm) originating from the right lateral portion of the uterine cervix and adjacent myometrium. It appeared as an exophytic multiseptated cystic mass containing different density fluids on CT.
Animals ; Cervix Uteri ; Female ; Mice ; Myometrium ; Vagina

PURPOSE: To report the results of surgical repairing of inferomedial orbital wall fractures accompanied with loss of bony strut by an overlapping method using Resorb X(R) plates (poly(D,L)-lactic acid). METHODS: To repair inferomedial orbital wall fractures with loss of bony strut, we bent the medial aspect of the plate for floor fracture according to the anatomical structure and then inserted the floor implant, which was supported by anterior, posterior and lateral margins of the floor fracture. Then, the medial implant, which was supported by the bent medial edge of the floor implant, was inserted. Postoperatively, we analyzed the outcomes of 21 patients regarding postoperative enophthalmos, limitation of eye movement (LOM) and diplopia. The diagonal lengths of the orbit in the operated side were compared with the non-traumatized side based on the coronal view of the postoperative CT scans to determine the success or failure of the reconstruction. RESULTS: The average postoperative enophthalmic value was 0.5 mm, and no significant differences between the orbital diagonal lengths of the operated and non-operated eyes were observed. The LOM shown in 7 out of 8 patients was completely resolved during the postoperative follow-up period. All patients with diplopia, including one patient who showed partial remission of LOM, experienced complete symptom resolution. No other complications related to the implant were recorded. CONCLUSIONS: Inferomedial orbital wall fractures with the loss of bony strut can be successfully repaired by the overlapping method using Resorb X(R) implants.
Diplopia ; Enophthalmos ; Eye ; Eye Movements ; Floors and Floorcoverings ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Orbit ; Orbital Implants

Purpose: Medial epicondyle fractures are a common elbow injury in pediatric and adolescent patients. The management of these fractures continues to be debated. This study aims to review the long-term clinical and radiological outcomes of operative treatment of medial epicondyle fractures in pediatric and adolescent patients. Methods: In this study, 24 consecutive patients were categorized into two groups as follows: group 1, 10 patients undergoing internal fixation with Kirschner wires (K-wires) and group 2, 14 patients undergoing internal fixation with cannulated screws. To assess clinical outcomes, Mayo Elbow Performance Score were used in addition visual analogue scale for pain, subjective range of motion, ulnar nerve irritation symptoms, residual instabilities and requirement for secondary surgery were checked. To access the radiological outcomes, check the bone union and possible deformities secondary to the medial epicondyle fractures were examined. Results: There were no cases of immediate or residual ulnar nerve irritation symptoms and no cases of residual deformity or valgus instability. There was no radiological evidence of loss of reduction and all patients had achieved bone union at last follow-up. And all patients had performed secondary surgery for hardware removal regardless of symptomatic hardware irritation. Conclusion Both K-wires fixation for younger children and screw fixation for near skeletal maturity children may provide favorable clinical and radiological outcomes at long-term follow-up, with low morbidity and radiographic deformity. In the K-wire fixation group, it is thought that preoperative explanation is needed because the K-wires tends to be removed earlier than screw fixation group due to hardware irritation.

BACKGROUND: Among the multitude of tests developed for the diagnosis of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, the enzyme immunoassay and the chemiluminescence immunoassays (CLIA) are the most commonly used. The OraQuick HCV Rapid Antibody Test is also popular because it can detect HCV antibodies from blood or saliva within 20 minutes. In this study, we compared the performances of the OraQuick HCV Rapid Antibody Test and CLIA in the diagnosis of HCV infection. METHODS: We tested 150 serum samples from Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital for HCV between November 2012 and January 2013 using CLIA (ADVIA Centaur) as well as the OraQuick test. The data from both tests were compared to the results of HCV real-time PCR (COBAS AmpliPrep/COBAS TaqMan HCV test kit). RESULTS: In the PCR analysis, 59 of the 150 samples (39.3%) tested positive and 91 (60.7%) tested negative for HCV RNA. All these samples also tested positive when screened by CLIA. However, only 57 of 59 samples tested positive with the OraQuick test. Among the 91 samples found to be HCV-negative in the PCR analysis, 50 tested negative in both CLIA and the OraQuick tests. However, a discrepancy was noted among the remaining 41 samples that tested HCV-negative in the PCR analysis; 21 of these samples tested positive in both CLIA and the OraQuick tests, but the remaining 20 tested positive only in CLIA. CONCLUSIONS: Although the OraQuick test showed a marginally lower sensitivity for HCV detection than CLIA, we conclude that it is still beneficial because it is rapid and can be performed using blood and saliva samples. Our findings suggest that the OraQuick test could be an important diagnostic tool for screening HCV infection.
Diagnosis ; Hepacivirus* ; Hepatitis C Antibodies ; Hepatitis C* ; Hepatitis* ; Immunoassay ; Immunoenzyme Techniques ; Luminescence ; Mass Screening* ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ; RNA ; Saliva ; Seoul