No abstract available.
Ascites ; Hydrops Fetalis* ; Pleural Effusion ; Ultrasonography

No abstract available.
Arthritis, Rheumatoid* ; Humans

No abstract available.
Adolescent* ; Humans

PURPOSE: We investigated whether in utero exposure to magnesium sulfate is associated with lower incidence of neonatal mortality, morbidity, and neurodevelopmental abnormalities in very low birth weight infants. METHODS: We evaluated 172 infants with birth weight less than 1,500g. According to the maternal receipt of magnesium sulfate, we divided into two groups. We reviewed the medical records of mothers and their babies to evaluate clinical outcome. RESULTS: Of 172 infants, 58(GA 30.0+/-2.3weeks, BW 1,20+/-2221g) received magnesium sulfate prior to delivery for tocolysis or preeclampsia(study group). The remaining 114(GA 29.6+/-2.3weeks, BW 1,220 +/-198g) served as the control group. Neonatal mortality was not significantly different between the two groups(12.5% vs 26.0%). There was no significant difference between the two groups in neonatal complications' RDS(52.4% vs 67.6%), BPD(16.7% vs 29.6%), apnea(52.4% vs 67.6%), IVH(23.8% vs 31.0%), PVL(4.8% vs 11.3%), NEC(7.1% vs 7.0%), ROP(26.8% vs 41.2%), and neal infection(33.3% vs 54.9%). The duration of ventilator therapy(10.9+/-7.3 vs 14.2+/-10.6 days), oxygen administration(20.2+/-20.0 vs 24.3+/-19.9 days) and admission(51.5+/-16.9 vs 54.6+/-16.7 days) were not different. Among 64 patients in whom follow up evaluation was possible more than 1 year, the incidence of cerebral palsy or developmental delay was not different(12.0% vs 12.8%). CONCLUSION: Maternal receipt of magnesium sulfate does not seem to be associated with an appreciably reduced risk of neonatal mortality, morbidity, and neurodevelopmental abnormalities in very low birth weight infants. (Abbreviations. GA, gestational age, BW, birth weight; RDS, respiratory distress syndrome; BPD, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, IVH, intraventricular hemorrhage; PVL, periventricular leukomalacia; NEC, necrotizing enterocolitis; ROP, retinopathy of prematurity)
Birth Weight ; Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia ; Cerebral Palsy ; Enterocolitis, Necrotizing ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gestational Age ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant ; Infant Mortality* ; Infant* ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Very Low Birth Weight* ; Leukomalacia, Periventricular ; Magnesium Sulfate* ; Magnesium* ; Medical Records ; Mothers ; Oxygen ; Tocolysis ; Ventilators, Mechanical

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify the conceptual structure of stressors experienced by nursing students during clinical practice. METHODS: Ten men and 10 women nursing college students were interviewed. The results were 208 ideas. By synthesizing and editing these ideas, the final statement was trimmed down to 39 questions. The next step was to have the participants classify these 39 final questions. They were asked to rate stress scores using a five-point scale. Through multidimensional scaling analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis yielded dimensions and clusters. RESULTS: Results of the study showed 2 dimensions which were classified as 'interpersonal relationship-practice system' and 'identity-practice environment'. It also yielded 8 clusters which were classified as 'role confusion', 'gender discrimination', 'attitudes of medical personnel and patients', 'comparison between fellow students', 'difference between theory and practice', 'disestablishing the role of practice guide', 'interference with training', and 'problems of the practice environment'. Further, stress factors and stress levels were differentiated depending on the gender of the student. CONCLUSION: The results of the study indicate that educators who are developing clinical practice programs and clinical practitioners should consider stressors during clinical practice and the educational implications to nursing students.
Female ; Humans ; Male ; Nursing ; Students, Nursing*

The purpose of this study is to clarify success factors for desirable relationship between buyer and supplier in elementary school. Therefore, the survey questionnaire consisted of general background, past success, success difference, buyer-supplier relationship characteristics(trust, supporting status, communication behavior, conflict resolution techniques, supplier selection process). The subjects were 66 dieticians of elementary school in Inchon. The statistical analysis of data was completed using SPSS program. The results were summarized as follows : Average total cost/day per one person 1,156Won. The number of suppliers per one school were 6. 92.3% of the subjects were in favor of private contract, regarding contract methods of purchasing food materials. For the past success, degree of satisfaction about past their supplier showed 3.49 score. The present success difference was shown higher than the past success. There was significant correlation between the past success and the present success difference. Trust about suppliers showed 3.40score. Supplying companies hardly support for buying school. Among information quality(timely, accurate, adequate, complete, credible), timely and complete showed lower score than the other kind of elements. Among the buyer-supplier relationship characteristic elements, only trust correlated with satisfaction about suppliers significantly. Among the conflict resolution techniques, joint problem solving and persuasive attempts were often made use of by subjects. The supplier selection criteria were shown quality(7.47), supplier's capabilities(6.46), management plan(6.00), price(5.73), scale(5.48), assets(5.27), considers delivery(4.76) and technology(2.39). As results, trust was needed for the desirable relationship between buyers and suppliers. This study has some limitations. The data in this study were collected from only buyer. It is more desired to acquire data from suppliers also.
Humans ; Incheon ; Joints ; Lunch* ; Negotiating ; Nutritionists ; Patient Selection ; Problem Solving ; Surveys and Questionnaires

No abstract available.
Tenosynovitis*

PURPOSE: We studied the incidence and clinical course of BCG lymphadenitis to investigate the BCG related problem. SUBJECT AND METHODS: Three hundred and eighty-six infants received BCG vaccine (Pasteur-1173p2) in the Well Baby Clinic, Dept. of Pediatrics, Chonnam University Hospital from May 1993 and April 1994. Among them, twenty three infants developed regional lymphadenitis. We investigated the clinical course in twenty six infants with BCG lymphadenitis (three infants were transferred from the Public Health Center and they also had taken same BCG preparations). According to the lymph node size, we divided them into three groups (A : below 1cm, 5 infants; B : 1 to 2cm, 10; C : above 2cm, 11), and evaluated the clinical outcome. RESULTS: 1) The incidence of BCG lymphadenitis was 6.0% (23/386), the differences according to sex or age at vaccination were not observed. 2) Twenty three of twenty six infants (88.5%) showed one lymph node (left axillary 19 infants, left cervical 3 infants, left supraclaviclar 1 infant), but three (11.5%) showed multiple lymph node involvement. 3) Eight (30.8%) showed spontaneous improvement, but eighteen (69.2%) received single or double antituberculous medication at the beginning or after a period of observation. Two infants were treated by incision and drainage. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of BCG lymphadenitis was relatively higher (6.0%) than previous reports, and the two thirds of the cases received antituberculous medication and or surgical treatment. Further prospective study according to the recent recommendation by the Korean Health Administration should be needed.
BCG Vaccine ; Drainage ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant ; Jeollanam-do ; Lymph Nodes ; Lymphadenitis* ; Lymphatic Diseases ; Mycobacterium bovis* ; Pediatrics ; Public Health ; Vaccination

PURPOSE: This study was aimed to identify the factors that influence eating behaviors in coronary artery disease patients and to create data for nursing which is thought to improve the eating behavior. METHOD: The study population was coronary artery disease patients who were treated on an outpatient basis. The measurements were eating behavior, diet self-efficacy, perceived-benefits, perceived-seriousness, family support and medical team support. All of the measurement tools above were thoroughly modified to verify validity and reliability. Statistical analysis was done by the SPSS PC 12.0 program. RESULTS: The influencing factors for the eating behavior was diet self-efficacy (beta=0.476), social support (beta=0.253), chest pain (beta=0.177), smoking (beta=-0.173) and regular exercise (beta=.169), which explained 46.2%. CONCLUSION: Eating behaviors of coronary artery disease patients were influenced by diet self-efficacy, family support and the presence of chest pain. Therefore, the development of a program for efficient dietary education that prevents the progression of coronary artery disease is needed.
Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Coronary Artery Disease/*diet therapy/pathology ; Diet, Reducing ; Exercise ; *Feeding Behavior ; Female ; Health Promotion ; Humans ; Interviews as Topic ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Self Efficacy ; Social Support

No abstract available.
Acinetobacter Infections* ; Acinetobacter* ; Infant, Newborn ; Intensive Care, Neonatal*