BACKGROUND: This study was designed to investigate the relationship between psychiatric disease and systemic disease in geriatric psychiatric inpatients who were consulted to department of internal medicine and were above 6th decade, and was directed to assess the physical problems and possible ways to resolve them in a closed psychiatric unit. METHOD: Through evaluation of medical records of 225 inpatients who had consulted in department of internal medicine in Seoul National Mental Hospital from January 1, 1998 to December 31, 1999. We classified the physical illness according to ICD-9-CM and psychiatric disease according to NTA. RESULTS: The result were as follows: 1) In age sex distribution, male was 62.7%, and 81.8% of the subjects was 6th decade. 2) The most common systemic diagnosis were disease of circulatory system, disease of digestive system, and disease of respiratory system. 3) The most systemic disease was disease of circulatory system in 6th and 8th decade. 4) Disease of circulatory system in all psychiatric disease was the most frequent. 5) Rate of circulatory disorder was the highest in organic mental disorder. Disease of digestive system and disease of endocrine system were the most frequent in alcoholics. Disease of respiratory system showed the highest rate in schizophrenea. CONCLUSION: The clinical characteristics of psychiatric diseases influenced to get systemic disease in geriatric patients.
Alcoholics ; Neurocognitive Disorders ; Diagnosis ; Digestive System ; Endocrine System ; Hospitals, Psychiatric ; Humans ; Inpatients* ; Internal Medicine ; International Classification of Diseases ; Male ; Medical Records ; Respiratory System ; Seoul ; Sex Distribution

Traditionally umbilical vein has been used for exchange transfusion in neonates. This method is relatively safe and effective but with a few complications. So via percutaneous femoral vein catheters we tried exchange transfusions in 30 patients with neonatal hyperbilirubinemia admitted to GNUH from September 1990 to August 1992. Femoral vein catheterization succeeded in 2~3 trials, In all cases high bilirubin level was lowered by half at the end of exchange transfusion. Transient microscopic hematuria by bladder puncture occurred in one neonate. Exchange transfusion via femoral vein catheter is a sage, easy and effective method.
Bilirubin ; Catheterization* ; Catheters* ; Femoral Vein* ; Hematuria ; Humans ; Hyperbilirubinemia, Neonatal ; Infant, Newborn* ; Punctures ; Umbilical Veins* ; Urinary Bladder

PURPOSE: It is known that single umbilical artery is frequently associated with gastrointestinal or urogenital anomaly, however, routine renal sonography has been debated in healthy neonate with isolated single umbilical artery. This study is designed to determine the usefulness of routine renal sonography in apparently healthy infants with an isolated single umbilical artery. METHODS: Thirty healthy neonates with a single umbilical artery without a major anomaly from January 1995 to July 2002 were enrolled. The authors investigated the clinical background of babies and their mothers after renal sonography after 72 hours of age. When the abnormalities were found at the first renal sonography, the severity of hydronephrosis and degree of obstruction and renal function were analyzed by follow up renal sonography, voiding cystourethrography(VCUG) and technetium-99m-dimercaptosuccinic acid(DMSA) scan or technetium-99m-mercaptoacetyl-triglycerine (MAG3) scan. RESULTS: Among the 30 healthy patients with isolated single umbilical artery, five patients(16.7%) showed abnormalities on first renal sonography with one major(3.3%) and four(13.4%) minor renal anomaly(minimal or mild hydroneohrosis). One major renal anomaly(severe hydronephrosis) showed severe decreased renal function on MAG3 scan without reflux, and the other four minor regressed spontaneously on follow up study. CONCLUSION: The value of routine early renal sonograpy for detecting renal anomaly in healthy infants with an isolated single umbilical artery remained unclear because most of the anomalies would regress spontaneously in the follow up study.
Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hydronephrosis ; Infant* ; Infant, Newborn ; Mass Screening* ; Mothers ; Single Umbilical Artery*

For 6 months, we experienced 3 cases of unexpected sudden cardiac death unrelated with coronary disease, from 43 cases of forensic autopsy. Diagnosis of each case is aneurysm of Valsalva sinus, dissecting aneurysm of aorta and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, respectively. All of them are young adult male under 30 years old. They had never recognized their disease before their death and they were found dead in the morning. These are very rare cardiovascular disease and are related with sudden death. So we report 3 cases of sudden cardiac death with review of articles.
Adult ; Aneurysm ; Aneurysm, Dissecting ; Aorta ; Autopsy ; Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Coronary Disease ; Death, Sudden ; Death, Sudden, Cardiac* ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Male ; Sinus of Valsalva ; Young Adult*

PURPOSE: Percutaneous needle aspiration biopsy under the imaging guidance in the diagnosis of intrathoracic diseases has become a standard practice. Core tissue obtained by automated gun biopsy(AGB) is believed to be more diagnostic than materials from fine needle aspiration(FNA) by many cytopathologists. The authors evauated the role of automated gun biopsy in localized pulmonary lesions with respect to the its accuracy and complications. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed 107 percutaneous biopsies in localized pulmonary lesions under fluoroscopic guidance among 107 patients:AGB using 18G or 20G was done in 81 patients, and both AGB and FNA was done in 26 patients. RESULTS: Biopsy samples sufficient for histologic diagnosis were obtained in 94(87.9%) of 107 patients, AG8 in 73(90.1%) of 81 patients and AGB and FNA in 21(80.8%) of 26 patients. 11 of 13 negative results were due to inadeguate specimen size for the histologic diagnosis or were composed of necrotic areas, and 2 of 13 negative results were obtained through nontarget tissue. 10 patients developed pneumothorax and 4 of them required chest tube insertion. Minimal hemoptysis was found in 3 patients. CONCLUSION: Percutaneous automated gun biopsy under fluoroscopic guidance was easy and simple method of obtaining specimens of good quality and quantity. It may be an useful procedure in the diagnosis of localized pulmonary lesions.
Biopsy* ; Biopsy, Needle ; Chest Tubes ; Diagnosis ; Hemoptysis ; Humans ; Needles ; Pneumothorax

PURPOSE: Percutaneous needle aspiration biopsy under the imaging guidance in the diagnosis of intrathoracic diseases has become a standard practice. Core tissue obtained by automated gun biopsy(AGB) is believed to be more diagnostic than materials from fine needle aspiration(FNA) by many cytopathologists. The authors evauated the role of automated gun biopsy in localized pulmonary lesions with respect to the its accuracy and complications. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed 107 percutaneous biopsies in localized pulmonary lesions under fluoroscopic guidance among 107 patients:AGB using 18G or 20G was done in 81 patients, and both AGB and FNA was done in 26 patients. RESULTS: Biopsy samples sufficient for histologic diagnosis were obtained in 94(87.9%) of 107 patients, AG8 in 73(90.1%) of 81 patients and AGB and FNA in 21(80.8%) of 26 patients. 11 of 13 negative results were due to inadeguate specimen size for the histologic diagnosis or were composed of necrotic areas, and 2 of 13 negative results were obtained through nontarget tissue. 10 patients developed pneumothorax and 4 of them required chest tube insertion. Minimal hemoptysis was found in 3 patients. CONCLUSION: Percutaneous automated gun biopsy under fluoroscopic guidance was easy and simple method of obtaining specimens of good quality and quantity. It may be an useful procedure in the diagnosis of localized pulmonary lesions.
Biopsy* ; Biopsy, Needle ; Chest Tubes ; Diagnosis ; Hemoptysis ; Humans ; Needles ; Pneumothorax

PURPOSE: To assess the value of dynamic fast infusion of contrast material in the detection and diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) with spiral CT. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two-phase dynamic spiral CT was performed in 59 patients with 104 HCCs. 150ml of nonionic contrast material was injected with an automatic injector at the rateof 5 ml/sec. Two-phase images were obtained at 20-45 sec(arterial dominant phase) and 2-5 min(equilibrium phase)after the initiation of bolus injection of contrast material. The tumors were divided into three groups(<3cm,3-5cm, and >5cm) according to the size and the enhancement patterns on two-phase images were compared. RESULTS: Inthe arterial phase, HCCs showed total or partial hyperattenuation in 79% of cases(82/104), isoattenuation in 12%,and hypoattenuation in 9%. In the equilibrium phase, HCCs showed hypoattenuation in 86%(89/104) and isoattenuationin 14%. The most common and characteristic enhancement patterns of HCCs were hyperattenuation in the arterialphase and hypoattenuataion in the equilibrium phase ; in the latter, capsules were demonstrated in 45% of cases. Invasions of the portal and/or hepatic vein were demonstrated in 34% of cases. CONCLUSION: Dynamic fastinfusion(5ml/sec) of contrast material(150ml) is useful in the detection and diagnosis of HCCs with spiral CT.
Capsules ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular* ; Diagnosis ; Hepatic Veins ; Humans ; Tomography, Spiral Computed*

No abstract available.
Hyperaldosteronism*

BACKGROUND AND OBJECT: Immunostimulatory CpG-oligodeoxynucleotides (ISS CpG-ODN) up-regulate the TH1-type immune response and down-regulate the TH2-type response. This study was performed to investigate the immune response changes resulting from ISS CpG-ODN on bronchial hyperrestponsiveness, eosinophilic inflammation and mucus hypersecretion in rat asthma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 10 normal controls(NC) and 26 asthmatic rats, which were generated by ovallbumin(OVA) sensitization and challenge, were studied. The asthmatic rats were randomized into 11 asthma controls(AC) and 15 in the asthma-CpG treatment group(CpG). The CpG group was administered ISS CpG-ODN intramuscularly and the AC group was administered a placebo(0.9% NaCl)on day 15 and 20. After CpG-ODN or placebo administration, we measured the IFN-(TH1-type cytokine) and IL-4(TH2-type cytokine) levels in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF), the specific airway resistance(sRaw), eosinophilic fraction in BALF, eosinophilic infiltration, goblet cell dysplasia and MUC5AC gene expression in the lung tissue. RESULTS: In the BALF of the CpG group, the IFN-γ concentration was significantly high and the IL-4 concentration was significantly low when compared with the AC group. Both the sRaw and eosinophilic fraction, and infiltration into the BALF and lung tissue significantly lower in the CpG group when compared with the AC group. However, little difference in goblet cell dysplasia and MUC5Ac gene expression was observed between the CpG group and the Ac group. CONCLUSION: ISS CpG-ODN decreases bronchial hyperresponsiveness and eosinophilic inflammation in the rat asthma model through the up-regulation of the TH1-type immune response with the down-regulation of the TH2-type response. However, the effect of these immune response changes on mucus hypersecretion was is not remarkable in this study.
Animals ; Asthma* ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage ; Down-Regulation ; Eosinophils ; Gene Expression ; Goblet Cells ; Inflammation ; Interleukin-4 ; Lung ; Mucus ; Rats* ; Up-Regulation

PURPOSE: We did electrovaporization to reduce the absorbed volume of irrigant and bleeding during TURP, and compared the effects on intraoperative and postoperative serum electrolyte, osmolality, and blood loss between this method and the classic TURP. MATERIALS AND METHOD: Of the 45 BPH patients, 21 patients underwent TURP (Group l), while the other 24 patients were electrovaporized with vaportrode(Group ll). They were followed preoperatively, 30 min intraoperatively, immediate postoperatively, 6 hours and 24 hours postoperatively with measurements of serum sodium, potassium, glucose and BUN. The amount of absorbed irrigant, serum osmolality, effective osmolality, blood loss were calculated and compared between the two groups. RESULTS: Although the group ll showed a longer operation time and used a larger amount of irrigant than the group l, there was not a significant difference in the amount of blood loss between the two groups and lesser amount of irrigant was absorbed than the group l. There was not a significant decrease in postoperative serum Hb and Hct level compared with preoperative level in the group ll. Serum sodium level were significantly decreased during postoperative period every patients in the group l. The serum osmolality and effective osmolality levels were significantly decreased postoperatively as compared with the preoperative levels in the group l, but were not in the group ll. CONCLUSIONS: These results show that electrovaporization may be the effective method in preventing complications such as hyponatremia and hypoosmolality during perioperative period. This method may also be helpful in reducing blood loss.
Glucose ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Hyponatremia ; Osmolar Concentration* ; Perioperative Period ; Postoperative Period ; Potassium ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; Sodium ; Transurethral Resection of Prostate