No abstract available.
Amiodarone*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Lordosis*

Primary adenocarcinoma of appendix is a rare clinical entity that is virtually neverdiagnosed preoperatively.The first description was that of Berger in 1882 and this carcinoma was alwayssymptomatic causing a variant of acute appedicitis and palpable right lower quadrant mass. Thefrequency range between 0.08% to 0.5% and these tumors behave aggressively. The possibleroute of metastasize is mainly by peritoneal implantation and right-sided hemicolectomyis the best treatment.We experienced a case of mucinous adenocarcinoma of appendix metastasis to ovaryand we present this case with the brief review of literature.
Adenocarcinoma ; Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous* ; Appendix* ; Female ; Mucins* ; Neoplasm Metastasis* ; Ovary*

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Prostaglandin (PG) A2 has been reported to inhibit the growth of hepatocellular carcinoma cells via activation of apoptosis, although the molecular mechanisms involved have not been clarified, yet. To investigate the mechanism of the PGA2-induced apoptosis, we analyzed the activation of caspases during the apoptosis of hepatoma cell lines. METHODS: Induction of apoptosis by PGA2 in hepatoma cell lines, Hep 3B and Hep G2, was assessed by DAPI staining of nuclei and agarose gel electrophoresis of genomic DNA. The involvement of caspases was analyzed by immunoblot analysis of poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) and by checking the effect of caspase inhibitors on PGA2-induced apoptosis. RESULTS: PGA2 inhibited the growth of Hep 3B and Hep G2 cells, accompanying nuclear condensation and fragmentation, and genomic DNA laddering, which are the hallmarks of apoptosis. The PARP was not cleaved during the apoptosis of Hep 3B and Hep G2 cells and caspase inhibitors such as z-VAD-Fmk and z-DEVD-Fmk exerted no effect on the PGA2-induced apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that PGA2 induces apoptosis in Hep 3B and Hep G2 cells via caspase-independent pathway.
Apoptosis/*drug effects ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/*pathology ; Caspases/antagonists & inhibitors/*metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation/drug effects ; Enzyme Activation ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms/*pathology ; Prostaglandins A/*pharmacology ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Tumor Cells, Cultured

Adenoid cystic carcinoma is a malignant salivary gland tumor with typical histologic patterns. The majority of the se tumors occurs in the minor salivary glands, especially mucosa of the hard palate. The authors experienced the patient s, who compained the tumor-like soft tissue masses on the palatal and mouth floor area. After careful analysis of clinic al, radiological and histopathological findings, we diagnosed them as adenoid cystic carcinomas in the minor salivary gl ands, obtainted results were as follows: 1. Main clinical symptoms were a slow growing soft tissue mass with normal intact mucosa on the palatal area, and soft tissue mass with mild pain on the mouth floor area. 2. In the radiographic examminations, soft tissue masses were observed with invasion to adjacent structures, and modera te defined, heterogeneous soft tissue mass with enhanced margin, respectively. 3. In the histopathologic examminations, dark-stained, small unifrom basaloid cells in the hyaline or fibrous stroma we re observed as solid and cribriform patterns, respectively.
Adenoids* ; Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic* ; Humans ; Hyalin ; Mouth Floor ; Mucous Membrane ; Palate, Hard ; Salivary Glands ; Salivary Glands, Minor*

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the position and shape of mental foramen in panoramic radiographs. For t his study, panoramic radiographs were obtained from the 200 adults and evaluated the position and shape of mental foramen. According to various positional changes in panoramic radiographs of the patients, the author also obtained panoramic radiographs from the 100 adults and then evaluated the positional and shape changes of mental foramen. The following results were obtained: 1. Shapes of mental foramen were observed elliptical(43.3%), round or oval(42.5%), unidentified(7.5%) and diffuse(6.7%) type in descending order of frequency. 2. Horizontal position of mental foramen were most frequently observed at the 2nd premolar area(54.2%), and area between the 1st premolar and 2nd premolar(43.1%), area between the 2nd premolar and 1st molar(2.7%), and at apex(9.7%), overlap with apex(1.9%), superior of apex(0.2%) in descending order of frequency. 4. According to various positional changes in panoramic radiographs of the patients, shape changes of mental foramen we re more obviously observed at the forward 10mm and chin down 10degrees positioned panoramic radiographs, And changes of horizo ntal and vertical position were observed in similar to compared with normal positioned panoramic radiographs.
Adult ; Bicuspid ; Chin ; Humans

Adenoid cystic carcinoma is a malignant salivary gland tumor with typical histologic patterns. The majority of the se tumors occurs in the minor salivary glands, especially mucosa of the hard palate. The authors experienced the patient s, who compained the tumor-like soft tissue masses on the palatal and mouth floor area. After careful analysis of clinic al, radiological and histopathological findings, we diagnosed them as adenoid cystic carcinomas in the minor salivary gl ands, obtainted results were as follows: 1. Main clinical symptoms were a slow growing soft tissue mass with normal intact mucosa on the palatal area, and soft tissue mass with mild pain on the mouth floor area. 2. In the radiographic examminations, soft tissue masses were observed with invasion to adjacent structures, and modera te defined, heterogeneous soft tissue mass with enhanced margin, respectively. 3. In the histopathologic examminations, dark-stained, small unifrom basaloid cells in the hyaline or fibrous stroma we re observed as solid and cribriform patterns, respectively.
Adenoids* ; Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic* ; Humans ; Hyalin ; Mouth Floor ; Mucous Membrane ; Palate, Hard ; Salivary Glands ; Salivary Glands, Minor*

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the position and shape of mental foramen in panoramic radiographs. For t his study, panoramic radiographs were obtained from the 200 adults and evaluated the position and shape of mental foramen. According to various positional changes in panoramic radiographs of the patients, the author also obtained panoramic radiographs from the 100 adults and then evaluated the positional and shape changes of mental foramen. The following results were obtained: 1. Shapes of mental foramen were observed elliptical(43.3%), round or oval(42.5%), unidentified(7.5%) and diffuse(6.7%) type in descending order of frequency. 2. Horizontal position of mental foramen were most frequently observed at the 2nd premolar area(54.2%), and area between the 1st premolar and 2nd premolar(43.1%), area between the 2nd premolar and 1st molar(2.7%), and at apex(9.7%), overlap with apex(1.9%), superior of apex(0.2%) in descending order of frequency. 4. According to various positional changes in panoramic radiographs of the patients, shape changes of mental foramen we re more obviously observed at the forward 10mm and chin down 10degrees positioned panoramic radiographs, And changes of horizo ntal and vertical position were observed in similar to compared with normal positioned panoramic radiographs.
Adult ; Bicuspid ; Chin ; Humans

In order to determine the electrophysiologic properties of aberrant ventricular conduction we analyzed the electrophysiologic studies done for various reasons in SNUH(1983.3 -1987.8). All patients did not have underlying heart disease and were in sinus rhythm with normal PR intervals & no intraventricular conduction delay at the time of study. The patients of preexcitation syndrome were excluded. Only aberrant ventricular conduction induced by premature atrial stimulation at the high right atrium or(HRA) during sinus rhythm or HRA pacing was analyzed. 1) Aberrant ventricular conuction was induced by premature atrial extrastimulation in 34 subjects of 156 cases reviewed(21.8%). The patients were 16 to 70 years old(sixteen males and eighteen females). 2) The longest atrial coupling(A1S2) interval resulting in aberrant ventricular conduction approximated 45%(600-280) of the basic cycle length(450-1550 msec). 3) As a prerequisite for aberrant ventricular conduction, the functional refractory period(FRP) of the AV node should be less than the relative refractory period(RRP) of the His Purkinje System and the most important determinant of aberrant ventricular conduction by atrial extreastimulation was resultant H1H2 interval, which should be between RRP and effective refractory period(ERP) of HPS. 4) There was good linear correlation between the basic cycle length(BCL) and RRP of the HPS(RRP=0.247xBCL+247.048, r=0.885, p-value<0.001). 5) 155 different configurations of aberrant ventricular conduction were recorded during atrial extrastimulation till atrial ERP. The pattern frequencies were as follows : left anterior hemiblock, 6(3.9%) ; right bundle brach block, 92(59.4%) ; left bundle branch block, 28(18.0%) ; left anterior hemiblock combined with right bundle branch block, 14(9.0%) ; left posterior hemiblock combined with right bundle branch block, 9(5.8%) ; unclassified intraventricular conduction disturbances, 6(3.9%). 6) As the atrial coupling intervals were further shortened, aberrant conduction persisted up to the point of atrial ERP at 19/41 BCL's(46.3%). Other patterns of atrioventricular conduction were as follows : atrio-His block, 7(17.1%) ; His-ventricular block, 6(14.6%) ; normal conduction due to prolonged A2H2, 9(22.0%). But there was no statistical significance between the pattern of A-V conduction and the longest S2H2 & H2V2 intervals during VAB (p-value=0.235>0.050). In conclusion, atrial extrastimulation which is routinely done during clinical EPS is an effective method to induce aberrant ventricular conduction and to study the electrophysiologic characteristics of atrioventricular conduction. Further study with recording of bundle branch electrogram, after infusion of cardioactive drugs and pacing of HRA at fixed rate should be done to determine the electrophysiologic properties of VAB more completely.
Atrioventricular Node ; Bundle-Branch Block ; Heart Atria ; Heart Diseases ; Humans ; Male ; Pre-Excitation Syndromes

BACKGROUND: Percutaneous mitral commissurotomy(PMC) has been known as an effective therapeutic modality for moderate to severe mitral stenosis. However, long-term results and factors influencing late outcome after PMC remain to be elucidated. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Three hundred and forty-six patients received PMC at Seoul National University Hospital between August, 1988 and March, 1996. We evaluated long-term results of these patients and assessed demographic, clinical, echocardiographic and hemodynamic variables in order to identify predictors of immediate and late outcomes. RESULTS: PMC was completed without major complication or technical failure in 339(98%) out of 346 cases. A good immediate result was obtained in 67% of cases. Multivariate study identified echocardiographic score(P=0.004) and left atrial volume(P=0.009) as independent predictors of immediate outcome. The estimated 3-year and 5-year event-free survival rates were 95.8+/-2.5% and 90.6+/-4.3%, respectively. According to multivariate analysis, the independent predictors of late outcome were pre-PMC left atrial volume(P=0.03), post-PMC mitral valve area(P=0.01), and severity of mitral regurgitation after PMC(P=0.03). CONCLUSION: Percutaneous mitral commissurotomy as a treatment for patients with mitral stenosis is safe, and achives good long-term results. Pre-procedural echocardiographic score, left atrial volume, post-procedural mitral valve area, and severity of mitral regurgitation affect the immediate and late outcomes after PMC.
Disease-Free Survival ; Echocardiography ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Mitral Valve ; Mitral Valve Insufficiency ; Mitral Valve Stenosis ; Multivariate Analysis ; Seoul