PURPOSE: Children in migrant villages in Kyrgyzstan have a high incidence of anemia and need effective health promotion programs. The purpose of this study was to evaluate a pilot study of a health promotion project for infants and toddlers based on community participation.METHODS: This was a retrospective study conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the project. The project was carried out by nurses at a public health center, community health workers, and local residents in a migrant village. After the operational system of the project was established, health assessments, child-care education, provision of vouchers for iron supplements, and activities to improve residents' awareness were conducted during 6 months among 100 children, of whom 85 were finally analyzed.RESULTS: In international health projects, close cooperation of the project team with community residents and health workers is important. Access to the community-based program was feasible in the socially and economically poor migrant village, and improvements were shown in children's anemia and awareness of health care.CONCLUSION: By focusing on the effective aspects of this preliminary project, plans to utilize community health workers and promotion strategies can be added to the main project to improve health promotion among children in this area.
Anemia ; Child Health ; Child ; Community Health Centers ; Community Health Workers ; Community-Based Participatory Research ; Consumer Participation ; Delivery of Health Care ; Education ; Health Promotion ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant ; Iron ; Kyrgyzstan ; Pilot Projects ; Program Evaluation ; Public Health ; Retrospective Studies ; Transients and Migrants

Purpose: This study aims to find ways to reduce the reality shock of newly graduated nurses by exploring the relationship between nursing practice readiness, social support from clinical nurse educators, and reality shock. Methods: From August 24 to September 13, 2023, data were collected from 134 newly graduated nurses with less than 12 months of clinical experience, who were trained by clinical nurse educators at one general hospital and two tertiary hospitals in I City and G Province. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-test, one-way analysis of variance, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and hierarchical multiple regression with the SPSS/WIN 28.0 program. Results: Reality shock was negatively correlated with nursing practice readiness (r=-.50, p<.001) and social support (r=-.19, p=.03), while nursing practice readiness was positively correlated with social support (r=.37, p<.001). Nursing practice readiness was identified as a significant predictor of reality shock in newly graduated nurses (β=-.46, p<.001), accounting for 31% of the variance in reality shock (F=18.82, p<.001). Conclusion To alleviate the reality shock of newly graduated nurses, it is important to improve their practice readiness and ensure systematic, continuous education for clinical nurse educators.

Purpose: This study aims to find ways to reduce the reality shock of newly graduated nurses by exploring the relationship between nursing practice readiness, social support from clinical nurse educators, and reality shock. Methods: From August 24 to September 13, 2023, data were collected from 134 newly graduated nurses with less than 12 months of clinical experience, who were trained by clinical nurse educators at one general hospital and two tertiary hospitals in I City and G Province. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-test, one-way analysis of variance, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and hierarchical multiple regression with the SPSS/WIN 28.0 program. Results: Reality shock was negatively correlated with nursing practice readiness (r=-.50, p<.001) and social support (r=-.19, p=.03), while nursing practice readiness was positively correlated with social support (r=.37, p<.001). Nursing practice readiness was identified as a significant predictor of reality shock in newly graduated nurses (β=-.46, p<.001), accounting for 31% of the variance in reality shock (F=18.82, p<.001). Conclusion To alleviate the reality shock of newly graduated nurses, it is important to improve their practice readiness and ensure systematic, continuous education for clinical nurse educators.

Purpose: This study aims to find ways to reduce the reality shock of newly graduated nurses by exploring the relationship between nursing practice readiness, social support from clinical nurse educators, and reality shock. Methods: From August 24 to September 13, 2023, data were collected from 134 newly graduated nurses with less than 12 months of clinical experience, who were trained by clinical nurse educators at one general hospital and two tertiary hospitals in I City and G Province. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-test, one-way analysis of variance, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and hierarchical multiple regression with the SPSS/WIN 28.0 program. Results: Reality shock was negatively correlated with nursing practice readiness (r=-.50, p<.001) and social support (r=-.19, p=.03), while nursing practice readiness was positively correlated with social support (r=.37, p<.001). Nursing practice readiness was identified as a significant predictor of reality shock in newly graduated nurses (β=-.46, p<.001), accounting for 31% of the variance in reality shock (F=18.82, p<.001). Conclusion To alleviate the reality shock of newly graduated nurses, it is important to improve their practice readiness and ensure systematic, continuous education for clinical nurse educators.

Purpose: This study aims to find ways to reduce the reality shock of newly graduated nurses by exploring the relationship between nursing practice readiness, social support from clinical nurse educators, and reality shock. Methods: From August 24 to September 13, 2023, data were collected from 134 newly graduated nurses with less than 12 months of clinical experience, who were trained by clinical nurse educators at one general hospital and two tertiary hospitals in I City and G Province. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-test, one-way analysis of variance, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and hierarchical multiple regression with the SPSS/WIN 28.0 program. Results: Reality shock was negatively correlated with nursing practice readiness (r=-.50, p<.001) and social support (r=-.19, p=.03), while nursing practice readiness was positively correlated with social support (r=.37, p<.001). Nursing practice readiness was identified as a significant predictor of reality shock in newly graduated nurses (β=-.46, p<.001), accounting for 31% of the variance in reality shock (F=18.82, p<.001). Conclusion To alleviate the reality shock of newly graduated nurses, it is important to improve their practice readiness and ensure systematic, continuous education for clinical nurse educators.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the diagnostic value of source images of 3D TOF MR angiography in patients with hemifacial spasm. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirteen patients with surgically-confirmed hemifacial spasm and 30 who were not suffering from this condition were included in this study. T1 and T2-weighted images and 3D TOF MR angiography were performed. In 43 randomly-selected individuals, we retrospectively determined whether source images obtained during 3D TOF MR angiography could be used to evaluate symptoms. The results were correlated with surgical findings. RESULTS: Sensitivity was 92% and specificity was 86%. In all 13 patients with hemifacial spasm, neurovascular compression was detected during their operation. Offending vessels were the anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA) in four cases, the posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) in seven, both the vertebral artery and PICA in one, and the vertebral vein, also in one. There were ten false-positive cases in the asymptomatic control group, nine of which showed neurovascular contact in the root entry zone of the facial nerve; one case showed indentation of the pons. CONCLUSION: Source images obtained during 3D TOF MR angiography are useful in the preoperative evaluation of hemifacial spasm.
Angiography ; Arteries ; Facial Nerve ; Hemifacial Spasm* ; Humans ; Pica ; Pons ; Retrospective Studies ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Veins ; Vertebral Artery

Background: The Korean Red Cross has conducted serologic tests for C, c, E, e antigens and found 18 D-- donors.In this study, we performed RHCE genotyping to identify the molecular characteristics of the serologic D-- blood type in Korean blood donors. Methods: We performed RHCE-specific PCR-based electrophoresis to check the amplification pattern of each exon.Sanger sequencing was conducted to find the variants in the nucleotide sequence. We determined the RHCE genotype based on the electrophoresis and Sanger sequencing results. Results: Total eight out of 18 D-- donors were participated in this research. In the PCR-based electrophoresis tests, RHCE exons 3, 4, and 6 were not amplified in samples #4, #6, and #8. Also, sample #2 showed an abnormal band pattern of RHCE exon 9. The Sanger sequencing results showed that the nucleotide sequences of the RHCE exons 5, 7, and 8 in samples #4, #6 and #8 corresponded to the nucleotide sequences of RHD exons 5, 7, and 8, respectively, suggesting the possibility of a RHCE-RHD(3-8)-RHCE hybrid allele. The nucleotide sequences of RHCE exons 7 and 8 in sample #2 were the same as the nucleotide sequences of RHD exons 7 and 8, respectively.In samples #1, #3, #5, and #7, no specific variants known to cause D-- phenotype were found. Conclusion RHCE genes partially replaced by the RHD genes were found in four out of eight participants and three of them were identified as ?RHCE*02N.07, which is known as the RHCE null allele. A further study with complete RHCE sequencing could be helpful for an understanding of the molecular mechanisms of samples in which no significant variants were identified.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: In acute coronary syndrome (ACS), the B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) level is a strong predictor of mortality. Most ACS patients have a history of myocardial infarction (MI) or high risk ACS, clinical entities that are anticipated to lead to elevated BNP levels. Therefore, we assessed the relationship between BNP levels and long-term prognosis in low-risk patients with unstable angina (UA). SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Between September 2002 and June 2004, BNP was measured in baseline samples from 137 patients referred for angiography. UA was defined as a clinical diagnosis paired with significant coronary artery narrowing. Patients had to exhibit no ST segment changes or abnormal Q waves, no elevation of cardiac enzymes, and no abnormal left ventricular diastolic or systolic function or regional wall motional abnormality on echocardiography. Major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) were defined as cardiovascular death, MI, or readmission due to heart failure. RESULTS: The mean patient age was 62.2+/-10 years, and 70 (51.1%) of the patients were men. The mean follow-up duration was 44.5 months. Six patients died due to cardiac causes, 4 were admitted due to heart failure, and 2 had MIs. The mean BNP level was not different between patients suffering MACEs and those not suffering MACEs. Other characteristics were similar between the groups. Kaplan-Meier survival curves showed a statistically significant benefit in the BNP < or =80 pg/mL group (p=0.037). There were no significant prognostic factors on multivariate analysis. CONCLUSION: A single BNP measurement was not an independent prognostic factor, but was related to event-free survival in patients with low-risk UA.
Acute Coronary Syndrome ; Angina, Unstable ; Angiography ; Coronary Vessels ; Disease-Free Survival ; Echocardiography ; Follow-Up Studies ; Heart Failure ; Humans ; Kaplan-Meier Estimate ; Male ; Multivariate Analysis ; Myocardial Infarction ; Natriuretic Peptide, Brain ; Prognosis ; Stress, Psychological

BACKGROUND: Urinary bladder cancer has been diagnosed by urine cytology and cystoscopy with biopsy. Recently, in vitro noninvasive diagnostic tests, measuring urinary nuclear matrix protein22(NMP22) and bladder tumor antigen(BTA), were introduced. We analyzed the usefulness of the NMP22 and BTA tests for diagnosing bladder cancer and compared those with voided urine cytology. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Single voided urine specimens were obtained from 27 patients with bladder cancer and 23 healthy volunteers. The urine specimens were assayed by enzyme immunoassay(NMP22, Matrietech(R), Newton, MA.) and latex immunoassay(BTA, Bard, USA). Urine cytology was performed in patients with bladder cancer. RESULTS: Mean urinary NMP22 level of patients with bladder cancer(144.6 U/mL) was significantly higher than those of normal controls(2.9 U/mL, P<0.01). The sensitivities were 89% and 74% for NMP22 and BTA tests, respectively, compared with 41% for voided urine cytology. The sensitivities of NMP22 and BTA tests were 88%, 63% at grade 1(G1), 82%, 73% at G2, and 100%, 88% at G3, respectively(P<0.01; NMP22, P=0.580; BTA). According to tumor stage, the sensitivities of NMP22 and BTA tests were both 79% at superficial, and 100% and 69% at invasive cancer, respectively(P=0.110; NMP22, P=0.678; BTA). The sensitivities of urine NMP22 and BTA tests combined with urine cytology were both 96%. In following of transitional cell carcinoma patients, agreement between urine cytology and BTA test was 75%(24/32). Among the various urologic disease, false positive rate for BTA test was 17%(8/47). CONCLUSION: Urinary NMP22 and BTA tests were more sensitive than voided urine cytology regardless of tumor grade and stage, so these noninvasive and simple tests can be used as screening tests for urinary bladder transitional cell carcinoma.
Biopsy ; Carcinoma, Transitional Cell* ; Cystoscopy ; Diagnostic Tests, Routine ; Healthy Volunteers ; Humans ; Latex ; Mass Screening* ; Nuclear Matrix ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ; Urinary Bladder* ; Urologic Diseases

BACKGROUND: Minerals are essential nutrients of human body and related with various diseases. Some minerals may be associated with endocrine function. Especially, chromium is known to enhance the action of insulin. The correlation of minerals with DM has not been studied in Korea yet. Therefore, to know whether there is any significant difference of minerals concentration and component between DM patient and non-DM patient, the quantity of each mineral in the hair of patients and controls was measured. If there is any significance, a guideline of nutritional therapy with minerals could be proposed and recommended. METHOD: An analysis of hair was performed on the type II diabetic patients and non-diabetic patients who visited Severance hospital outpatient clinic from April, 2001 to January, 2002. Hairs were obtained from each subject and were analyzed into the concentration of mineral using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The concentration of each element between the two groups was compared by t-test analysis. RESULTS: The concentration of copper, sodium, chromium, sulfur, and antimony was significantly different; the level of copper was significantly lower in the diabetic group (P=0.013). On the other hand, the levels of sodium, chromium, sulfur, and antimony were significantly higher in the diabetic group (P=0.013, 0.0001, 0.010, 0.0001). CONCLUSION: Previous studies have suggested that the concentration of chromium in diabetic patients' blood was lower than those in normal population. However, this study showed that the measured amount of chromium in hair was significantly higher in the diabetic group. This result warrants a study on the correlation between the concentration of chromium in blood and hair, and also, on the mutual relationship of other minerals (copper, sodium, sulfur, and antimony) which also showed significant difference in this study.
Absorption ; Antimony ; Chromium ; Copper ; Hair* ; Hand ; Human Body ; Humans ; Insulin ; Korea ; Minerals ; Outpatient Clinics, Hospital ; Sodium ; Sulfur