No abstract available.
Fever* ; Mucous Membrane* ; Tongue*

Conjoined twins occur when there is imcomplete fission of the inner cell mass later at approximately 13 to 15 days after fertilization. The earlist case in the literat.ure appears to be that of the Biddenden Maids who were born in England in 1100. since then over two hundred cases of successful separation were reported on literature. And also successful separation cases were reported by Seung et al.(1991) in Korea. Conjoined twins occur between one in 50,000 to 100,000 births but real incidence is one in 200,000 because two thirds are stillbirth or died immediately after birth. The conjoined twins are not associated with maternal age, race or family history and 70 % of them are females. We experienced a case of conjoined twins with omphalopagus and performed surgical separation. A brief review of related literatures was done.
Animals ; Continental Population Groups ; England ; Female ; Fertilization ; Humans ; Incidence ; Korea ; Maternal Age ; Murine Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; Parturition ; Stillbirth ; Twins, Conjoined*

Authors experienced 100 cases of retrobulbar optic neuritis among the patients who visited the Chang Shoo Choi Eye Clinic during the last 2 years, from September 1, 1964 to August 31, 1966. The chief complaints are asthenopia, blurring vision, ocular pain, headache and photophobia. Of 100 cases, 46 cases wanted to be refracted. The corrected visual acuities are not always poor, though they are very variable from time to time as the tests are processing. The most cases revealed central relative scotomas instead of cecocentrals as previously believed. Fields are taken with glasses if corrected. In our cases, the age distribution of the patients are very interesting, the most susceptible age groups are 11~13 years.
Age Distribution ; Asthenopia ; Eyeglasses ; Glass ; Headache ; Humans ; Optic Neuritis* ; Photophobia ; Scotoma ; Vision, Ocular ; Visual Acuity

PURPOSE: To report a case of delayed-onset expulsive suprachoroidal hemorrhage due to trauma after removal of a penetrating keratoplasty suture. CASE SUMMARY: A 66-year-old man had penetrating keratoplasty for bullous keratopathy performed in his left eye. After 1 year, the continuous suture was removed for adjustment of astigmatism. Four days after removal of the suture, the patient struck his left eye with the back of his hand, although at the time of injury he had no specific symptoms. Two days later, the patient noticed abrupt pain, decreased visual acuity, and massive hemorrhage in his left eye. Examination revealed an inferior wound dehiscence of approximately 8 clock hours (2 thru 10 o'clock) with prolapsed intraocular contents such as the uvea and retina. The patient underwent cornea graft resuturing with resection of ocular contents, which could not be repositioned. Although bleeding was controlled after the operation, vision was lost in his left eye. After two months, according to decrement of intraocular hematoma, the patient had a phthisis bulbi with low intraocular pressure in his left eye. CONCLUSIONS: Persistent low intraocular pressure due to wound leakage through the graft-host junction likely resulted in delayed onset of expulsive suprachoroidal hemorrhage. The risk of traumatic corneal graft rupture after penetrating keratoplasty is significant and is associated with a poor visual outcome and eyeball viability. Therefore, patients should be cautioned. In addition, the importance of eye examination after trauma should be emphasized.
Aged ; Astigmatism ; Cornea ; Eye ; Hand ; Hematoma ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Intraocular Pressure ; Keratoplasty, Penetrating ; Retina ; Rupture ; Sutures ; Transplants ; Uvea ; Vision, Ocular ; Visual Acuity

PURPOSE: It is important to take a precise history of patients to diagnose enuresis. However, this is difficult to perform in the outpatient department, because the consultation time is limited. So by taking the medical histories with questionnaires, we classified the enuresis patients into monosymptomatic and non-monosymptomatic groups and compared the clinical characteristics between the two groups in order to determine whether this would aid in the diagnosis and treatment of enuresis. METHODS: Thirty-four enuresis patients seen in the Department of Pediatrics at Yeungnam University Hospital from 2004 January to 2005 July were enrolled in this study. Two to three weeks before starting medical treatment, questionnaires about the patients' urination habits and past medical history were taken from the parents with consents. RESULTS: There were 21 patients in the monosymptomatic group and 13 patients in the non-monosymptomatic group. There was no difference in the delivery mode, birth weight, birth order, sleep habit, constipation, and treatment results between the two groups. Urinary infection was more frequently observed in the non-monosymptomatic group. There was a higher incidence of daytime incontinence and a past medical history of allergy in the non- monosymptomatic group. Oriental medicine was the most common treatment of enuresis before visiting the hospital, but the treatment effect was minimal. CONCLUSION: Comparison between the monosymptomatic and non-monosymptomatic group with the questionnaires was helpful for detailed diagnosis and treatment of enuresis. A more effective education for enuresis patients is needed, since before visiting the hospital many of them wasted their efforts with ineffective oriental medicine treatment.
Birth Order ; Birth Weight ; Child* ; Constipation ; Diagnosis ; Education ; Enuresis* ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; Incidence ; Medicine, East Asian Traditional ; Outpatients ; Parents ; Pediatrics ; Surveys and Questionnaires* ; Urination

No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans ; Killer Cells, Natural* ; Nephrosis, Lipoid*

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans ; Tuberculosis*

PURPOSE: Edema is one of the cardinal features of nephrotic syndrome. Although the pathogenesis of edema is not entirely understood, it is caused by hypovolemia or hypervolemia by different mechanisms. Accordingly it is important to evaluate the volume status of patients in order to treat the edema, but it is difficult to evaluate the patient's volume status only by clinical parameters. The quotient of urine sodium and potassium excretion UK/(UNa+UK) is introduced as a more useful way to evaluate volume status. In this study we will propose the usefulness of UK/(UNa+UK) in evaluating the volume status of children with nephrotic syndrome. METHODS: Primary nephrotic syndrome patients at Yeungnam University Hospital since January 1995 to June 2005, were included in the study. We analyzed clinical parameters such as tachycardia, cardiomegaly, pleural effusion, blood chemistry and urinalysis prospectively. We defined hypovolemia when UK/(UNa+UK) exceeded 60%. Intravenous albumin and diuretics were administered to hypovolemic edematous patients. On the other hand, hypervolemic edematous patients were treated only with diuretics. RESULTS: There were 50 cases of primary nephrotic syndrome patients(hypervolemia: 29 vs hypovolemia: 21). There were no significant differences in clinical symptoms and laboratory findings except for FeNa. While FeNa and UK/(UNa+UK) had a significant negative correlation, BUN and UK/(UNa+UK) had a significant positive correlation. Urine output after edema treatment was effective and there were no treatment-related side effects in both groups. CONCLUSION: FeNa, BUN and UK/(UNa+UK) are a useful parameters for evaluating volume status of edematous nephrotic syndrome patients. We could suggest a therapeutic option for using albumin and/or diuretics according to volemic status by means of measured UK/(UNa+UK).
Blood Volume* ; Cardiomegaly ; Chemistry ; Child* ; Diuretics ; Edema ; Hand ; Humans ; Hypovolemia ; Nephrotic Syndrome* ; Pleural Effusion ; Potassium* ; Prospective Studies ; Sodium* ; Tachycardia ; Urinalysis

No abstract available.
Leukemia*