No abstract available.
Animals ; Autoimmunity* ; Mice*

Purpose: : Exercise may prevent the worsening of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and progression of cardiovascular diseases in patients with CKD. This review aims to identify the best type of exercise modality and summarizes the beneficial effects of exercise on physical and renal function among older adults with pre-dialysis CKD. Methods: : A systematic search of PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, SCOPUS, and domestic database was performed for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the effect of exercise intervention on older adults with pre-dialysis CKD published until February 2023. A random-effects metaanalysis was conducted. The risk of bias was assessed using a Cochrane tool for assessing the risk of bias in RCTs (RoB 2.0). Results: : The systematic review included 11 RCTs (n = 591, average age 60.2–76), of which 8 could be included for meta-analysis. Exercise was significant in increasing peak oxygen consumption and knee muscle strength among physical functions, and also in improving glomerular filtration rate among kidney functions. Conclusion : Exercise has beneficial effects on physical and renal function among older adults with pre-dialysis CKD. In the future, it is necessary to verify the effectiveness of exercise by subdividing it by type, intensity, duration, and delivery.

No abstract available.
Autoantibodies* ; DNA*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the reality of workplace violence experienced by emergency nurses and the relationship of violence response to professional quality of life. METHODS: The participants in this study were 899 emergency nurses from Korea nationwide. Data were obtained through an online survey done during October, 2017. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient. RESULTS: Of the emergency nurses, 72.1% recognized that workplace violence is serious. Experience with workplace violence correlated positively with violence reaction (r=.32, p < .001), burnout (r=.20, p < .001) and secondary trauma (r=.22, p < .001). Also, reaction to violence was positively correlated with burnout (r=.28, p < .001) and secondary trauma (r=.56, p < .001). CONCLUSION: Findings indicate that the diverse workplace violence experienced by emergency nurses decreases their professional quality of life. Further study is needed to develop solutions to the problem of workplace violence in emergency settings.
Compassion Fatigue ; Emergencies ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Korea ; Quality of Life ; Violence ; Workplace Violence

No abstract available.
Autoantibodies* ; Humans*

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the value of phosphorylated tau with epitopes threonine 181(p-tau181) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) for the differential diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease typed dementia from other type of dementia. METHODS: A systematic literature search was performed to identify studies on p-tau181. Two evaluators independently evaluated the quality of the ten studies using the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN) tool. The literature review covered from October 27, 1946 to October 22, 2013, and eight domestic databases including KoreaMed and international databases including Ovid-MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library were used. Tau concentrations were compared to healthy controls and to subjects with Alzheimer's disease (AD) using random effect meta-analysis. Outcome measures were Cohen's delta, sensitivity and specificity. RESULTS: Finally, 8 studies (8 diagnostic evaluation studies) were identified to evaluate CSF p-tau181. The effectiveness of this test was evaluated based on diagnostic accuracy. The diagnostic accuracy for identifying AD by ELISA was high which revealed pooled sensitivity as 0.843 (95% CI 0.818-0.867), pooled specificity as 0.799(95% CI 0.768-0.828) and summary receiver operating characteristic area under the curve 0.9082+/-0.0236. CONCLUSIONS: CSF p-tau181 concentrations in other type of dementia are intermediate between controls and AD patients. Overlap between both controls and AD patients results in insufficient diagnostic accuracy, and the development of more specific biomarkers for these disorders is needed.
Alzheimer Disease* ; Biomarkers ; Cerebrospinal Fluid ; Dementia ; Diagnosis, Differential* ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Epitopes ; Humans ; Outcome Assessment (Health Care) ; ROC Curve ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; tau Proteins ; Threonine

OBJECTIVE: To calculate monthly weight gains during pregnancy among 20s, early and late 30s, and to investigate the influence of age groups on monthly weight gains. METHODS: We analyzed the monthly weight gain data from 892 women who had visited before 20 weeks of gestation and had healthy singleton term pregnancy. Data was categorized in three groups according to age (20s, early and late 30s). RESULTS: The monthly weight gain tables among 20s, early and late 30s have been determined. Monthly weight gain was not significantly different among three age groups. CONCLUSION: Although statistically insignificant among three age groups, more cautious prenatal care according to the monthly weight gain-gestational month tables for each age group is needed to prevent complications which may be associated with abnormal weight gain during pregnancy.
Female ; Humans ; Pregnancy* ; Prenatal Care ; Weight Gain*

OBJECTIVE: To establish the standard values for proper antenatal weight gain, biweekly mean weight gains, standard deviations were calculated from the 5th to the 42nd gestational week and their percentiles were determined. And the influence of prepregnancy body mass index and/or parity on biweekly weight gain was investigated. METHODS: We analyzed the biweekly weight gain data from 910 women who had noncomplicated singleton term pregnancy. Data was categorized in three groups according to body mass index (BMI). RESULTS: The biweekly weight gain table has been determined and 'Sigmoid(S) shaped' weight gain curves were presented. Primipara and multipara have significantly less weight gain than nullipara beyond the 25th weeks. Biweekly weight gain was significantly different among prepregnancy BMI groups from the 13th week. CONCLUSION: More careful prenatal care according to the biweekly weight gain-gestational week tables is needed to prevent a lot of complications which may be associated with abnormal weight gain during pregnancy. To establish Korean standard value for antenatal weight gain, a nationwide multicenter study is needed.
Body Mass Index ; Female ; Humans ; Parity ; Pregnancy* ; Prenatal Care ; Weight Gain*

BACKGROUND: Chemotaxis is one of the cardinal functions of leukocytes, which enables them to be recruited efficiently to the right place at the right time. Analyzing chemotactic activities is important not only for the study on leukocyte migration but also for many other applications including development of new drugs interfering with the chemotactic process. However, there are many technical limitations in the conventional in vitro chemotaxis assays. Here we applied a new optical assay to investigate chemotactic activities induced in differentiated HL-60 cells. METHODS: HL-60 cells were stimulated with 0.8% dimethylformamide (DMF) for 4 days. The cells were analyzed for morphology, flow cytometry as well as chemotactic activities by a time-lapse videomicroscopic assay using a chemotactic microchamber bearing a fibronectin-coated cover slip and an etched silicon chip. RESULTS: Videomicroscopic observation of the real cellular motions in a stable concentration gradient of chemokines demonstrated that HL-60 cells showed chemotaxis to inflammatory chemokines (CCL3, CCL5 and CXCL8) and also a homeostatic chemokine (CXCL12) after DFM-induced differentiation to granulocytic cells. The cells moved randomly at a speed of 6.99+/-1.24 micrometer/min (n=100) in the absence of chemokine. Chemokine stimulation induced directional migration of differentiated HL-60 cells, while they still wandered very much and significantly increased the moving speeds. CONCLUSION: The locomotive patterns of DMF-stimulated HL-60 cells can be analyzed in detail throughout the course of chemotaxis by the use of a time-lapse videomicroscopic assay. DMF-stimulated HL-60 cells may provide a convenient in vitro model for chemotactic studies of neutrophils.
Chemokines ; Chemotaxis ; Dimethylformamide ; Flow Cytometry ; HL-60 Cells* ; Humans ; Leukocytes ; Microscopy, Video ; Neutrophils ; Silicon

OBJECTIVES: Regenerative treatment using stem cells may serve as treatment option for empty nose syndrome (ENS), which is caused by the lack of turbinate tissue and deranged nervous system in the nasal cavity. We aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of the autologous stromal vascular fraction (SVF) in the treatment of ENS. METHODS: In this prospective observational clinical study, we enrolled 10 ENS patients who volunteered to undergo treatment of ENS through the injection of autologous SVF. Data, including demographic data, pre- and postoperative Sino-Nasal Outcome Test-25 (SNOT-25) scores, overall patient satisfaction, and postoperative complications, were prospectively collected. Nasal secretion was assessed using the polyurethane foam absorption method, and the levels of biological markers were analyzed in both ENS group and control group using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The SVF extracted from abdominal fat was diluted and injected into both inferior turbinates. RESULTS: Among the 10 initial patients, one was excluded from the study. Subjective satisfaction was rated as “much improved” in two and “no change” in seven. Among the improved patients, the mean preinjection SNOT-25 score was 55.0 and the score at 6 months after injection was 19.5. However, the average SNOT-25 score of nine participants at 6 months after injection (mean±standard deviation, 62.4±35.8) did not differ significantly from the baseline SNOT-25 score (70.1±24.7, P>0.05, respectively). Among the various inflammatory markers assessed, the levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-8, and calcitonin gene-related peptide were significantly higher in ENS patients. Compared with preinjection secretion level, the nasal secretions from SVF-treated patients showed decreased expressions of IL-1β and IL-8 after injection. CONCLUSION: Although SVF treatment appears to decrease the inflammatory cytokine levels in the nasal mucosa, a single SVF injection was not effective in terms of symptom improvement and patient satisfaction. Further trials are needed to identify a more practical and useful regenerative treatment modality for patients with ENS.
Abdominal Fat ; Absorption ; Biomarkers ; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide ; Clinical Study ; Cytokines ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Humans ; Interleukin-8 ; Interleukins ; Methods ; Nasal Cavity ; Nasal Mucosa ; Nervous System ; Nose* ; Patient Satisfaction ; Polyurethanes ; Postoperative Complications ; Prospective Studies ; Stem Cells ; Turbinates