OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of Naomaitong Recipe, a compound Chinese herbal medicine, on the expressions of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) and nitric-oxide synthases (NOSs) in brain tissue after focal cerebral ischemia reperfusion in aged rats and the dosage-effect relationship. METHODS: We adopted the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in aged rats as the focal cerebral ischemia model, with 3-hour ischemia and 12-day reperfusion, and observed the changes of the nerve dysfunction score, the water content of cerebral constitution and the expressions of NF-kappaB, heat-shock protein 70 (HSP70) and NOSs in cerebral cortex. RESULTS: The nerve dysfunction score, the water content of cerebral constitution, the expressions of NF-kappaB, HSP70, neuronal nitric-oxide synthase (nNOS), endothelial nitric-oxide synthase (eNOS) and inducible nitric-oxide synthase (iNOS) in the untreated group were higher than those of the sham-operated group. The nerve dysfunction score, the water content of cerebral constitution, the expressions of NF-kappaB, iNOS and nNOS were lower, while the expressions of HSP70 and eNOS were higher in the high-, medium- and low-dose Naomaitong-treated groups and nimodipine-treated group than those of the untreated-group. The nerve dysfunction score and the expression of nNOS were lower, while the expression of eNOS was higher in the medium-dose Naomaitong-treated group than those of the nimodipine-treated group. The expressions of HSP70 and eNOS were higher, while the other indices were lower in the medium-dose Naomaitong-treated group than those of the low-dose Naomaitong-treated group. CONCLUSION: Naomaitong Recipe can protect the brain cells from damage after focal cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury by adjusting the expressions of NF-kappaB, HSP70 and NOSs, and the medium-dose Naomaitong Recipe is more effective.

Objective To evaluate the effects of ozoned water on the synovial inflammation in rabbits with knee osteoarthritis.Methods Thirty-two rabbits were randomly and evenly divided into four groups by random number method.All the rabbits were made into osteoarthritis models except those in groups A and D.After the osteoarthritis models were made successfully,rabbits in groups C and D received intra-articular injection of ozoned water of 20 μg/ml (2 ml)once a week for three weeks,and the other two groups did not.The morphology of synovium was observed and the expres-sion levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in the synovium were compared among the four groups.Results In group A,there was no hyperemia,edema or cell hyperplasia in the synovium,and the synovium re-mained normol tissue structure.In group B,the synovial structure was damaged,with serious cell hyperplasia,masses of inflammatory cells invading,vascular proliferation and hyperemia,and signifi-cantly increased synovium thickness compared with the normal.In group C,synovial hyperemia and edema were improved,the inflammatory cells reduced,and the synovium thickness was thinner than that in group B.And the group D had no synovitis phenomenon.Compared with group A,the expres-sions of IL-6 and TNF-αwere slightly higher in group D,and they were significantly increased (P <0.05)in the other two groups.Compared with group B,the IL-6 and TNF-α contents of synovium were reduced (P < 0.05)in group C.Conclusion Injecting 2 ml ozoned water of 20 μg/ml into artic-ular cavity can significantly improve synovial inflammation and reduce the expression of IL-6 and TNF-αin the synovium,which does no damage normal synovium.

Objective: To study the protective e ects and dosage-e ect relationship of Naomaitong on focal cerebral ischemia reperfusion in aged rats.Methods : Focal cerebral ischemia model ( ischemia 3h and I/R12d)was duplicated with MCAO.The changes of the nervous dysfunction score ,the water content of cerebral constitution and the expression of TNF-?,VCAM-1,ICAM-1and its mRNA were observed. Results :The nervous dysfunction score ,the water content of cerebral constitution, the expression of TNF-?,VCAM-1,ICAM-1and its mRNA in aged model group were higher than those of the sham-operated group;but all of these were decreased in three Naomaitong groups and Nimodipine group compared with that of aged model group;the nervous dysfunction score and the expression of VCAM-1,ICAM-1 mRNA in Naomaitong group(0.9g?kg-1) were lighter than that of the Nimodipine group;the nervous dysfunction score,the water content of cerebral constitution, the expression of TNF-?,VCAM-1,ICAM-1and its mRNA in Naomaitong group(0.9g.g-1.d-1) were higher than that of Naomaitong group(0.45g?kg-1?d-1).Conclusion :Naomaitong could protect brain cell from damage after focal cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury by inhibiting the expression of TNF-?,VCAM-1,ICAM-1, with the middle dose of Naomaitong being more e ective.

Purpose:To study the efficacy of preoperative selective intra arterial chemotherapy in advanced gastric carcinoma. Methods:Between August 1999 and November 2001, a total of 98 hospitalized patients with advanced gastric carcinoma who underwent selective intra arterial regional chemotherapy prior to surgery were recruited in this study. 60 patients with advanced gastric carcinoma on whom surgery were performed did not receive any preoperative regional anti cancer drugs between 1997 and 1998 and served as controls. The surgical resection rate and histologic investigations were compared. Results:The resection rate was 78% in regional chemotherapy group and 68% in control group. Tumor cell necrosis was investigated by postoperative pathological study and revealed that the response rate in regional chemotherapy group was 67%. Only 8 cases in control group showed mild focal necrosis. Conclusions:Preoperative regional chemotherapy in patients with advanced gastric carcinoma may enhance resection rate and destroy large numbers of tumor cells vigorously. The preliminary results are satisfying.

OBJECTIVETo observe the difference in the analgesic effect on primary dysmenorrheal between acupuncture and sham acupuncture at Sanyinjiao (SP 6) during menstrual pain and evaluate the impact of psychological effect on acupuncture analgesia.

METHODSSixty subjects were randomized into an acupuncture group and a sham acupuncture group, 30 cases in each one. The conventional acupuncture and sham acupuncture were applied to Sanyinjiao (SP 6) on bilateral sides when menstrual pain began to attack and needles were retained for 30 min each time. Three menstrual cycles were required. The visual analogue scale (VAS) was adopted to determine the scores before and 0. 5 h, 1 h, 3 h, 6 h and 12 h after acupuncture during menstrual pain in each cycle separately.

RESULTSIn the acupuncture group, VAS score at each time point after acupuncture was reduced as compared with that at the previous one during menstrual pain in each menstrual cycle, indicating the significant difference (all P<0. 05). In the sham acupuncture group, the scores in 6 h and 12 h of acupuncture were reduced as compared with the previous one, indicating the significant difference (all P<0. 05). After acupuncture, VAS score at each time point in the acupuncture group was lower than that in the sham acupuncture group (all P<0. 05).

CONCLUSIONThe conventional acupuncture at Sanyinjiao (SP 6) achieves the significant analgesic effect on primary dysmenorrheal. The psychological placebo effect of sham acupuncture has no obvious impact on acupuncture analgesia.

Acupuncture Analgesia ; Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Dysmenorrhea ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Menstrual Cycle ; Placebo Effect ; Young Adult

Objective:To evaluate the effect of intra-articular injection of different concentrations of ozonated water on articular cartilage of rabbits with osteoarthritis (OA).Methods:Twenty-four clean-grade New Zealand white rabbits of both sexes, weighing 2.0-3.0 kg, aged 6 months, were divided into 4 groups ( n=6 each) using a random number table method: control group (group C), OA group, low concentration ozonated water group (L group) and high concentration ozonated water group (H group). The OA model was established by intra-articular injection of papain.At 2 weeks after the model was successfully established, 10.0 and 20.0 μg/ml ozonated water 1.0 ml was injected into the knee joint of rabbits in L and H groups, respectively, and 0.9% sodium chloride solution 1.0 ml was injected once a week, 3 times in total in OA group.At 1 week after the last injection, the cartilage tissue of the knee joint was removed and stained with toluidine blue for evaluation of Mankin score (under light microscope). The activity of caspase-3 in chondrocyte was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results:Compared with group C, the Mankin score and caspase-3 activity were significantly increased in the other 3 groups ( P<0.05). Compared with group OA, the Mankin score and caspase-3 activity were significantly decreased in group L and group H ( P<0.05). Compared with group L, the Mankin score was significantly increased, and the activity of caspase-3 was decreased in group H ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Injecting ozonated water 10.0 μg/ml and 20.0 μg/ml into the knee joint cavity both can inhibit the apoptosis in chondrocytes and reduce the damage to articular cartilage, however, high concentration of ozonated water can cause the denaturation of the articular cartilage matrix in rabbits with OA.

Objective:To observe the repairing effect of ozone water injection in the articular cavity for the treatment of knee osteoarthritis (KOA) on articular cartilage and to explore its repair mechanism.Methods:48 rats were randomly divided into fourgroups, the normal, model, normal saline and ozone water group, each group had 12 rats. The rats were injectied into the joint cavity with papain to establish a KOA model other than the normal group. After confirming the success of the model, the ozone water group and normal saline group was treated with ozone water and normal saline injection into the joint cavity once a week for a total of 3 treatments, the normal group and the model group are all raised routinely. Before and after the treatment, the ratknee joint behavioral score MG score was conducted; after the treatment articular cartilage surface gross score, hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining and modified Mankin score of articular cartilage pathological changes was measured, and Western blot and Rt-PCR to measure the level of protein and mRNA expression of NF-κB p65, IKKβ and IκBα in articular cartilage tissues.Results:Compared with before the treatment, the rat knee joint behavioral score of the ozone water group was significantly lower (all P<0.05); after the treatment, the gross articular cartilage surface score and the modified Mankin score of the ozone water group were significantly reduced compared with the model and normal saline group (all P<0.05); Compared with the model and normal saline group, the protein and mRNA expression levels of NF-κB p65 and IKKβ in the ozone water group are significantly lower (all P<0.05), and the levels of IκBα are significantly higher (all P<0.05). Conclusion:Ozone water injection in the articular cavity can effectively repair damaged articular cartilage. The repair mechanism may be achieved by inhibiting the activation of NF-κB signaling pathway.

Objective:To construct three image recognition models of manikin′s glottis using visual laryngoscopy based on deep-learning algorithm.Methods:The tracheal intubation manikin′s epiglottis was visualized using a videolaryngoscope, and then epiglottis was elevated to expose the glottis and acquire glottic images. A total of 149 images were obtained from various angles and orientations and randomly divided into training set and test set, and the annotation of image data was completed. Three glottal image recognition models of CenterNet, YOLOv3 and YOLOv4 were developed. The training set was used to complete the training of the models, and finally the test set was used to evaluate the model performance.Results:CenterNet, YOLOv3 and YOLOv4 three models were successfully constructed, the mean average precision of CenterNet, YOLOv3 and YOLOv4 was 92.33%, 89.52% and 89.02% respectively, the recall rates were 87.50%, 90.00% and 90.00% respectively, the precision rates reached 97.22%, 94.74% and 94.74% respectively, and the accuracy rates were 90.91%, 85.11% and 88.89% respectively. All three algorithms demonstrated an identical F1 score of 91.00%.Conclusions:The CenterNet, YOLOv3 and YOLOv4 models are successfully constructed, and three recognition models can accurately identify the glottis in the image, with the CenterNet model demonstrating the highest recognition precision.

OBJECT IVE To provide reference for the improvement of the quality standard for Niushanggui capsules. METHODS Based on the previous quality standard ，thin-layer chromatography （TLC）identification methods were established for Angelicae dahurica and Anemarrhenae asphodeloides . High performance liquid chromatography （HPLC）method was established to determine the contents of 5 components simultaneously ，such as mangiferin ，prim-O-glucosylcimifugin，naringin，neohesperidin and 5-O-methylvisammioside. The limits were confirmed. RESULTS TLC chromatogram of Niushanggui capsules showed the same color spots in the same position as the corresponding （mixed）substance control or reference medicinal material of A. dahuricae and A. asphodeloides ，while the negative samples had no interference. The linear range of mangiferin ，prim-O-glucosylcimifugin， naringin，neohesperidin and 5-O-methylvisammioside were 7.98-127.63，6.74-107.84，53.06-848.96，39.31-628.90，13.54-216.62 μg/mL，respectively（all r＝0.999 9）. RSDs of precision ，stability（24 h）and repeatability tests were all no more than 1.20％（n＝ 6）. The average recoveries were 95.00％，105.16％，97.16％，101.00％ and 104.97％（RSD≤1.50％，n＝6）. In 4 batches of samples，the average contents of the above 5 components were 0.842，0.696，6.951，5.755 and 1.106 mg/g respectively ；the limits of A. asphodeloides ，Saposhnikovia divaricata and Citrus aurantium were based on the contents of mangiferin ，the total content of prim-O-glucosylcimmifugin and 5-O-methylvisammioside，naringin and neohesperidin ，which would not be less than 0.42，0.90 and 6.36 mg/grain，respectively. CONCLUSIONS TLC identification methods of A. dahurica and A. asphodeloides and the content determination methods of 5 components as mangiferin in Niushanggui capsules are established in this study ，and the limits of A. asphodeloides ，S. divaricata and C. aurantium are confirmed.