PURPOSE: We evaluated the morphologic change of the hydroxyapatite(HA)-coated porous alumina as a new orbital implant when it was used in rabbit. METHODS: After evisceration of 18 eyes of 18 New Zealand white rabbits, we implanted 12 mm-diameter-sized HA-coated porous alumina with different pore sizes; 300, 500, and 800 micrometer, and then the implants were extracted back to evaluate their morphologic change according to different time interval; 2, 4, and 12 weeks. RESULTS: Fibrovascularization was noted at periphery of the implant 2 weeks after implantation in all of the three groups, and to the center of the implant 4 and 12 weeks after implantation. This fibrova-scularization was most predominant in 500 micrometerpore-sized group compared to the rest two groups. CONCLUSIONS: HA-coated porous alumina showed similar appearance of fibrovascularization with relatively more affordable price and easy manufacture, compared to the other porous implants.
Aluminum Oxide* ; Anophthalmos ; Durapatite ; Orbit* ; Orbital Implants* ; Rabbits

It has been reported that the cause of the bacterial endophthalmitis following cataract extraction and intraocular lens implantation was G(+) organisms in most cases. However, the endophthalmitis caused by G(-) organisms has worse prognosis than that by G(+)organisms. We experienced a case of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia endophthalmitis which has not yet been reported in Korea. A 77-year-old female presented with blurred vision, conjunctival injection and ocular pain 5 days after cataract extraction and intraocular lens implantation. Ocular findings such as corneal edema, hypopyon and thick posterior capsular opacity were consistent with infectious endophthalmitis. Culture of vitreous aspirate isolated Stenotrophomonas maltophilia 15 days after cataract extraction.
Aged ; Cataract Extraction ; Cataract* ; Corneal Edema ; Endophthalmitis* ; Female ; Humans ; Korea ; Lens Implantation, Intraocular ; Prognosis ; Stenotrophomonas maltophilia* ; Stenotrophomonas*

PURPOSE: To assess the clinical characteristics of central serous chorioretinopathy in patients over 50 and be of help to diagnose it. METHODS: The medical records of 30 eyes of 24 patients diagnosed as central serous chorioretinopathy were reviewed retrospectively. We analyzed age, sex, visual acuity, and evaluated clinical features of fundus, characteristics of fluorescein angiography, indocyanine green angiography (ICGA), optical coherence tomography (OCT). RESULTS: The mean age was 55.4 years (50-69 years). 18 were male and 6 were female. Of the 30 eyes, 8 eyes were identified as classic central serous chorioretinopathy and 22 eyes were identified as chronic. On ICGA, 16 patients (76.2%) showed transient multifocal choroidal hyperpermeability bilaterally and 19 patients (90.5%) showed dilated choroidal vasculature bilaterally. Late hypofluorescence due to severe atrophy, hypertrophy, pigmentation, or small detachment of retinal pigment epithelium was noted in 22 eyes. On fellow eyes, retinal pigment epithelial degeneration was found in 15 eyes (79%). On OCT, serous retinal pigment epithelial detachment was noted in 10 eyes, serous retinal detachment in 25 eyes, and foveal thickening in 19 eyes. CONCLUSIONS: Central serous chorioretinopathy in patients over 50 was often associated with more degeneration of retinal pigment epithelium. ICGA and OCT are useful in diagnosing central serous chorioretinopathy in old ages.
Angiography ; Atrophy ; Central Serous Chorioretinopathy* ; Choroid ; Female ; Fluorescein Angiography ; Humans ; Hypertrophy ; Indocyanine Green ; Male ; Medical Records ; Pigmentation ; Retinal Detachment ; Retinal Pigment Epithelium ; Retinaldehyde ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, Optical Coherence ; Visual Acuity

PURPOSE: To evaluate the long-term clinical result and patient satisfaction after laser in situ keratomileusis. METHODS: This is a long term (over 3 years) retrospective analysis of 107 eyes (54 patients) that has undergone LASIK since February 1996. RESULTS: Mean preoperative Spherical Equivalent(SE) was -7.81 +/- 4.07D and mean postoperative SE was -0.88 +/- 1.74D at 1 week, -1.18 +/- 1.17D at 1 month, -1.32 +/- 1.71D at 3 month and -2.44 +/- 2.20D after 3 years. At the last visit, uncorrective visual acuity was 0.5 or better in 83.1% and 26.2% of manifest SE was within the +/- 1D. However, in high myopic group (>-10.D), it has decreased to 41.7% and 0% respectively. Myopic progression occurred also in reoperation cases, 81.3% had uncorrective visual acuity of 0.5 or better and 31.3% had manifest SE within +/- 1D at the last visit. In the survey of subjective satisfaction, 80.2% of patient was satisfied with the surgery, which has decreased to 46.2% after long term follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, the higher the preoperative SE, the more myopic regression has occurred (p<0.01) and the clinical result was reversely related to the degree of myopia. There was no statistically significant difference between reoperation cases and the total group (p>0.05). The patient subjective satisfaction has significantly decreased after long term follow-up compared to immediate postoperative visit.
Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ* ; Myopia ; Patient Satisfaction* ; Reoperation ; Retrospective Studies ; Visual Acuity

No abstract available.
Neuromyelitis Optica

No abstract available.
Humans

BACKGROUND: The t(11;14)(q13;q32) is known to be one of the most frequent chromosomal abnor-malities found in multiple myeloma (MM). However, studies on t(11;14) in MM have been problemat-ic due to the fact that MM cells proliferate poorly in vitro. The purpose of our study is to evaluate inci-dence, clinical, and hematologic findings of MM with IgH and cyclin D1 gene rearrangement and to investigate the usefulness of interphase FISH (fluorescence in situ hybridization). METHODS: The study group included 36 patients (23 newly diagnosed MM, 8 relapsed MM, 5 per-sistent MM after treatment) admitted to Mokdong and Gil Hospital from November 1998 to July 2002. Interphase FISH was performed with IGH/CCND1 dual color, dual fusion translocation probe (Vysis Inc, Downers Grove, IL USA), using bone marrow mononuclear cells. RESULTS: Incidence of IgH and cyclin D1 gene rearrangement by interphase FISH was 19%. One patient with normal karyotype and another patient without any metaphase cells showed IgH and cyclin D1 gene rearrangement with interphase FISH. The lambda light chain subtype was more frequently found in patients with rearrangement (4/5, 80%) than those without rearrangement (6/23, 26%) (P<0.05). No significant differences were found in other clinical and hematologic findings in the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: We suggest that MM with IgH and cyclin D1 gene rearrangement is associated with the expression of lambda light chain. Interphase FISH may be helpful in samples with normal karyotype or no metaphase cells for detection of gene rearrangement of MM.
Bone Marrow ; Cyclin D1* ; Cyclins* ; Gene Rearrangement ; Genes, bcl-1* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Interphase* ; Karyotype ; Metaphase ; Multiple Myeloma*

AIMS AND METHOD: Comparative genomic hybridization serves as a screening test for regions of copy number changes in tumor genomes. I have applied the technique to map DNA losses and gains in 13 cases of frozen cholangiocarcinomas. RESULTS: All of the 13 cases showed genetic alterations. Loss of short arm of chromosome 19 (92%) was the most common changes observed. 22q(62%), 1p(54%), 17p(54%) and 19q(54%) also showed nonrandom patterns of genomic losses with high frequencies. Among the genomic gains, 13q was revealed as the most common site (69%), and 8q (46%) and 12q (46%) also showed relatively high frequencies of genomic gains. Genomic amplifications were detected on 5p13, 10q21.1 and 18q11.3 in 3 different cases, respectively. CONCLUSION: This study represents the first analysis of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas by CGH, and it confirms the presence of nonrandom genetic changes occur in the pathogenesis of cholangiocarcinomas. These findings should lead to the characterization of new loci involved in cholangiocarcinoma pathogenesis.
Arm ; Cholangiocarcinoma* ; Chromosome Aberrations* ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 19 ; Comparative Genomic Hybridization* ; DNA ; Genome ; Mass Screening

The classification, size and activity of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) by optical coherence tomography (OCT) were compared with those obtained by fluorescein angiography (FA) and Indocyanine green angiography (ICG). This study included 32 patients (32 eyes) diagnosed as having CNV. The etiology of CNV was found to be age-related macular degeneration (AMD) or non-AMD. Patients were studied retrospectively by FA, ICG, and OCT. Of the 13 eyes with AMD, the boundary of the lesion could not be defined using FA in 7 patients. Among the 7 poorly defined CNV cases by FA, the identification of the boundary was possible in one case by OCT. The mean diameter of the classic well-defined lesions was 3500 +/- 421 micrometer by FA, 2624 +/- 1044 micrometer by ICG, and 1927 +/- 1272 micrometer by OCT. The size of the CNV by OCT was always smaller than by FA or ICG. Of the 19 eyes with Non-AMD, the boundary of the lesion could not be defined by FA in 5 patients. Among the 5 poorly defined cases by FA, the identification of the boundary was possible in 3 cases by OCT. The mean diameter of the well-defined CNV lesions was 2153 +/- 759 micrometer by FA, 1929 +/- 673 micrometer by ICG, and 1322 +/- 566 micrometer by OCT. Retinal thickness, which represents retinal edema, was found to be proportional to lesion size, although the relationship was not statistically significant. Regardless of CNV type, FA, ICG and OCT used in combination increase the specificity of diagnosis if their findings are compared.
Adult ; Aged ; Choroidal Neovascularization/*diagnosis/pathology ; Female ; Fluorescein Angiography ; Human ; Indocyanine Green/diagnostic use ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; *Tomography, Optical Coherence

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical characteristics of heat stroke in a bath facility and investigate predictive factors of multiple major complications in heat stroke patients. METHODS: This was a retrospective study on heat stroke patients who visited an urban emergency center from January 2010 to March 2018. We compared clinical characteristics, complication, and outcomes of heat stroke patients in bath and non-bath facilities. Multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed to identify independent predictors of multiple major complications in heat stroke patients. RESULTS: A total of 67 heat stroke patients with heat stroke were enrolled, of which 42 (62.6%) were in a bath facility and 25 (37.3%) were in a non-bath facility. Patients with heat stroke in the bath facility were characterized by old age, past medical history of hypertension and diabetes mellitus, and high incidence of hypotension compared with those in the non-bath facility but also low incidence of acute renal failure, seizure, and multiple major complications. In the multivariate analysis, predictive factors of multiple major complications in heat stroke patients were non-bath facility (odds ratio [OR], 5.4; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.2–29.9), Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS)≤8 (OR, 8.2; 95% CI, 1.3–49.4), and mean arterial pressure (MAP), body temperature above 40.5℃ (OR, 8.1; 95% CI, 1.1–58.8) < 60 mmHg (OR, 14.8; 95% CI, 1.8–122.9). CONCLUSION: Heat stroke in the bath facility resulted in less major complications, and high body temperature, GCS ≤8, and MAP < 60 mmHg were independent predictive factors of multiple major complications in heat stroke patients.
Acute Kidney Injury ; Arterial Pressure ; Baths* ; Body Temperature ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Emergencies ; Glasgow Coma Scale ; Heat Stroke* ; Hot Temperature* ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Hypotension ; Incidence ; Logistic Models ; Multivariate Analysis ; Retrospective Studies ; Seizures