Yonsei University College of Medicine (YUCM) adopted a criterion-referenced assessment (CRA) system in 2014. Six cohorts have graduated over the past decade under CRA. Positive impacts on student wellness and academic achievement were observed during the system’s initial years, and this study therefore aimed to analyze the changing perceptions of graduating students who experienced CRA to reflect YUCM’s experience of CRA implementation and suggest future directions and insights. Utilizing self-reporting graduation survey data of 621 graduates from 2018 to 2023, eight items regarding perceptions of CRA were examined with analysis of variance to explore changes in perceptions among the graduates, and short answers were also reviewed to investigate keywords and main themes. The CRA grading system positively influenced students’ learning motivation, level of class participation, cooperative attitudes, and self-directed attitudes. In particular, students’ perceptions of cooperative attitudes significantly improved from 2018 (3.97) to 2023 (4.46). The system also had a positive impact on students’ interest in conducting research from 2018 (3.04) to 2023 (3.56). Students’ perceptions of validity significantly increased from 2018 (3.40) to 2023 (3.92), and the perceptions of reliability also increased from 2018 (3.38) to 2023 (3.65), although the inter-year changes were not statistically significant. This study on graduating students’ changing perceptions of the CRA at YUCM aligned with the intended goals and context of its introduction and implementation. Ongoing improvements in fairness and reliability are required to enhance students’ perceptions of the system’s credibility, necessitating ongoing education and improvement efforts. Further studies on the positive and negative factors influencing perceptions of CRA are required to derive insights for system improvement.

Yonsei University College of Medicine (YUCM) adopted a criterion-referenced assessment (CRA) system in 2014. Six cohorts have graduated over the past decade under CRA. Positive impacts on student wellness and academic achievement were observed during the system’s initial years, and this study therefore aimed to analyze the changing perceptions of graduating students who experienced CRA to reflect YUCM’s experience of CRA implementation and suggest future directions and insights. Utilizing self-reporting graduation survey data of 621 graduates from 2018 to 2023, eight items regarding perceptions of CRA were examined with analysis of variance to explore changes in perceptions among the graduates, and short answers were also reviewed to investigate keywords and main themes. The CRA grading system positively influenced students’ learning motivation, level of class participation, cooperative attitudes, and self-directed attitudes. In particular, students’ perceptions of cooperative attitudes significantly improved from 2018 (3.97) to 2023 (4.46). The system also had a positive impact on students’ interest in conducting research from 2018 (3.04) to 2023 (3.56). Students’ perceptions of validity significantly increased from 2018 (3.40) to 2023 (3.92), and the perceptions of reliability also increased from 2018 (3.38) to 2023 (3.65), although the inter-year changes were not statistically significant. This study on graduating students’ changing perceptions of the CRA at YUCM aligned with the intended goals and context of its introduction and implementation. Ongoing improvements in fairness and reliability are required to enhance students’ perceptions of the system’s credibility, necessitating ongoing education and improvement efforts. Further studies on the positive and negative factors influencing perceptions of CRA are required to derive insights for system improvement.

Yonsei University College of Medicine (YUCM) adopted a criterion-referenced assessment (CRA) system in 2014. Six cohorts have graduated over the past decade under CRA. Positive impacts on student wellness and academic achievement were observed during the system’s initial years, and this study therefore aimed to analyze the changing perceptions of graduating students who experienced CRA to reflect YUCM’s experience of CRA implementation and suggest future directions and insights. Utilizing self-reporting graduation survey data of 621 graduates from 2018 to 2023, eight items regarding perceptions of CRA were examined with analysis of variance to explore changes in perceptions among the graduates, and short answers were also reviewed to investigate keywords and main themes. The CRA grading system positively influenced students’ learning motivation, level of class participation, cooperative attitudes, and self-directed attitudes. In particular, students’ perceptions of cooperative attitudes significantly improved from 2018 (3.97) to 2023 (4.46). The system also had a positive impact on students’ interest in conducting research from 2018 (3.04) to 2023 (3.56). Students’ perceptions of validity significantly increased from 2018 (3.40) to 2023 (3.92), and the perceptions of reliability also increased from 2018 (3.38) to 2023 (3.65), although the inter-year changes were not statistically significant. This study on graduating students’ changing perceptions of the CRA at YUCM aligned with the intended goals and context of its introduction and implementation. Ongoing improvements in fairness and reliability are required to enhance students’ perceptions of the system’s credibility, necessitating ongoing education and improvement efforts. Further studies on the positive and negative factors influencing perceptions of CRA are required to derive insights for system improvement.

Yonsei University College of Medicine (YUCM) adopted a criterion-referenced assessment (CRA) system in 2014. Six cohorts have graduated over the past decade under CRA. Positive impacts on student wellness and academic achievement were observed during the system’s initial years, and this study therefore aimed to analyze the changing perceptions of graduating students who experienced CRA to reflect YUCM’s experience of CRA implementation and suggest future directions and insights. Utilizing self-reporting graduation survey data of 621 graduates from 2018 to 2023, eight items regarding perceptions of CRA were examined with analysis of variance to explore changes in perceptions among the graduates, and short answers were also reviewed to investigate keywords and main themes. The CRA grading system positively influenced students’ learning motivation, level of class participation, cooperative attitudes, and self-directed attitudes. In particular, students’ perceptions of cooperative attitudes significantly improved from 2018 (3.97) to 2023 (4.46). The system also had a positive impact on students’ interest in conducting research from 2018 (3.04) to 2023 (3.56). Students’ perceptions of validity significantly increased from 2018 (3.40) to 2023 (3.92), and the perceptions of reliability also increased from 2018 (3.38) to 2023 (3.65), although the inter-year changes were not statistically significant. This study on graduating students’ changing perceptions of the CRA at YUCM aligned with the intended goals and context of its introduction and implementation. Ongoing improvements in fairness and reliability are required to enhance students’ perceptions of the system’s credibility, necessitating ongoing education and improvement efforts. Further studies on the positive and negative factors influencing perceptions of CRA are required to derive insights for system improvement.

Yonsei University College of Medicine (YUCM) adopted a criterion-referenced assessment (CRA) system in 2014. Six cohorts have graduated over the past decade under CRA. Positive impacts on student wellness and academic achievement were observed during the system’s initial years, and this study therefore aimed to analyze the changing perceptions of graduating students who experienced CRA to reflect YUCM’s experience of CRA implementation and suggest future directions and insights. Utilizing self-reporting graduation survey data of 621 graduates from 2018 to 2023, eight items regarding perceptions of CRA were examined with analysis of variance to explore changes in perceptions among the graduates, and short answers were also reviewed to investigate keywords and main themes. The CRA grading system positively influenced students’ learning motivation, level of class participation, cooperative attitudes, and self-directed attitudes. In particular, students’ perceptions of cooperative attitudes significantly improved from 2018 (3.97) to 2023 (4.46). The system also had a positive impact on students’ interest in conducting research from 2018 (3.04) to 2023 (3.56). Students’ perceptions of validity significantly increased from 2018 (3.40) to 2023 (3.92), and the perceptions of reliability also increased from 2018 (3.38) to 2023 (3.65), although the inter-year changes were not statistically significant. This study on graduating students’ changing perceptions of the CRA at YUCM aligned with the intended goals and context of its introduction and implementation. Ongoing improvements in fairness and reliability are required to enhance students’ perceptions of the system’s credibility, necessitating ongoing education and improvement efforts. Further studies on the positive and negative factors influencing perceptions of CRA are required to derive insights for system improvement.

Background: The Ask Suicide-Screening Questions (ASQ) tool is a simple suicide screening tool developed to screen patient suicide risk (SR). The purpose of this study was to verify the reliability and validity of the ASQ tool in hospitalized patients. Methods: The internal consistency and test-retest reliability of the South Korean version of the ASQ tool were verified in 99 hospitalized patients admitted to a tertiary medical institution in Seoul. To verify the correlations and validity of each convergence with other scales, the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), and Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) were also conducted to determine convergent and discriminant validity. Then, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve diagnosis values for suicide and depression levels with the highest correlations were analyzed. Results: As a result, Cronbach’s alpha was 0.826, and when each item was removed sequentially, Cronbach’s alpha ranged from 0.736–0.840, showing stable internal consistency. Most of the corrected item-total correlation were over 0.500; however, a relatively low correlation was shown for the fourth and fifth questions, which had values of 0.429 and 0.410, respectively. The test-retest reliability was 0.830, and the MINI and PHQ-9 showed high values of 0.872 and 0.672, respectively. The area under the curve (AUC) according to the ASQ diagnosis value was also the highest for the MINI (0.936). Conclusion The validity and reliability of the South Korean version of the ASQ tool were demonstrated. Through this validation, the ASQ tool can be used for simple suicide risk screening (SRS) in hospitalized patients.

This study aimed to evaluate the imaging and pathological findings in axillary lymph nodes in patients with breast cancer who received concurrent ipsilateral coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination. Of the 19 women with breast cancer who received concurrent COVID-19 vaccination shot in the arm ipsilateral to breast cancer, axillary lymphadenopathy was observed in 84.2% (16 of 19) of patients on ultrasound (US) and 71.4% (10 of 14) of patients on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and 21.0% (4 of 19) of patients were diagnosed with metastasis. Abnormal US and MRI findings of cortical thickening, effacement of the fatty hilum, round shape, and asymmetry in the number or size relative to the contralateral side were noted in more than half of the non-metastatic and metastatic lymph nodes; however, statistical significance was not noted. Axillary lymphadenopathy is commonly observed in patients with breast cancer who receive concurrent ipsilateral COVID-19 vaccination without specific differential imaging features. Thus, understanding the limitations of axillary imaging and cautious interpretation is necessary to avoid overestimation or underestimation of the axillary disease burden.