Objective:To determine the prevalence of fatty liver in physical examination group of Chongqing,and to analyze its risk factors.Methods:Total 13610 persons who underwent physical examination and laboratory tests,were measured the level of body mass index(BMI)?blood pressure(BP)?blood lipids(TC&TG)?glucose(FBG)and liver function(ALT&AST).The results of cases of fatty liver were compared with those of non-fatty liver.Results:The ratio of fatty liver was16.9%,and the prevalence of fatty liver in male was significantly higher(22.4%) than that of in females(8.69%),about 2.6 times.The prevalence of fatty liver was increased with age.There was significant difference between the fatty liver and non-fatty liver groups in their BMI?BP?TC?TG?FBG?ALT and AST.The morbidity of obesity?dyslipidemia?hypertention?and diabetes mellitus in the fatty liver group were significantly higher than in non-fatty liver.The ratio of hepatitis B carrier was no significant difference between the two groups.Conclusion:Obesity?diabetes mellitus?hyperlipidemia and hypertention may be independent risk factors of fatty liver.The mildly to moderate abnormal hepatic functions could be found in patients with fatty liver.To lose the body weight?control the hyperlipidemia and maintain normal glucose?blood pressure are important measures to prevent the fatty liver.

Objective:To observe clinical therapeutic effect of the method for soothing the liver and strengthening the spleen on fibromyalgia syndrome(FMS).Methods:56 cases of FMS were divided into group A(Primary,n=38)and group B(complicated by other rheumatism,n=18).They were treated by modified Xiaoyao Powder for 12 weeks.Results:The effective rate was 92.11% in group A and 72.22% in group B with significant difference between the two groups(P

Bilingual Teaching has been put into practice several years in China’s Medical Colleges and Universities,but there are still several problems urgently to be solved.The paper elaborates the significance of Bilingual Teaching and the key points of factors and component elements to improve Bilingual Teaching,as well as the difficulties and questions in the teaching.

Constructing clinical teaching hospital is an effective means on resolving the lack of clinical resource,enhancing the benefit of education and ensuring the clinical quality. In order to exert hospital teaching advantage,the criteria system of evaluation on teaching hospital should be taken. Building the teaching function and awareness of hospital are highly important.

Aim: To enhance the management of clinical teaching hospital and improve the quality of clinical teaching.Methods: The criteria system of evaluation on teaching hospitals were taken to assess the teaching quality of 4 non-directly affiliated hospitals by means of listening to the self-evaluation,checking the file,surveying on the scene and holding student symposium.Prompt feedback were supplied to the 4 hospitals.Result: The 4 hospitals obtained similar scores,which had intelligent teachers,favorable teaching condition,strict management and better teaching quality.Conclusions: Emphasizing teaching,qualified teachers,improving teaching condition and optimizing teaching method are the important measures of improving clinical teaching quality.

Objective To assecess the role of CT in the diagnosis and the reasons of misdiagnosis of biliary duct carcinoma.Methods 23 cases with biliary duct carcinoma pathologically comfirmed were reviewed.Results 2 cases were peripheral type,10 cases were major intrahepatic biliary duct type,7 cases were extrahepatic type and 4 cases ampullar type.The masses within biliary duct were showed by CT in 16 cases.The obstruction of biliary duct was cut off abruptly in 18 cases and narrowing sharply in 5 cases.The intrahepatic biliary duct indicated mild or marked expansion,of them,17 cases were showed as vine and 6 as segmental.The extrahepatic biliary duct were dilated in 11 and gallbladder dilatation in 7.4 cases were misdiagnosed and leaked diagnosis was in one cases by CT preoperation.Conclusion CT is valuable in diagnosis of biliary duct carcinoma,but it still has some limitations.

Exploring a pattern of teaching hospital evaluation to solve the problem of its present teaching hospitals being not enough to meet the needs of undergraduate education in the coming a couple of years due to the adjustment of enrolling system and the increase of student number .Through the evaluation ,the university is intended to attain the goal of promoting the building and development in medical treatment,teaching and research of all kinds of teaching hospitals,and the goal of "promoting the development and improvement through evaluation ,combining the evaluation with development ".

Objective: To investigate the therapeutic effects of Tuina (Chinese therapeutic massage) in a knee osteoarthritis (KOA) rat model and its influence on proteins associated with the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Methods: A total of 32 specific-pathogen-free grade Sprague-Dawley rats were used. Eight rats were randomly selected as the control group (CG). The remaining 24 rats underwent intra-articular injections with 0.2 mL of 4％ papain to prepare the KOA rat models. After the model was established, the 24 rats were randomly and equally assigned to 3 groups, including a model group (MG), a Tuina group (TG), and a positive medicine group (PMG), with 8 rats in each group. The Lequesne score was applied to evaluate the success of model development. After the model was successfully established, the CG did not receive any intervention, and the TG was treated with local, clockwise annular Rou-Kneading around the knee joint with the thumbs. The pressure in the longitudinal direction was 3 N, and the frequency was designed to be 120-140 times/min for 15 min, followed by flexing the joint 10 times. The PMG was intragastrically administered with celecoxib [24 mg/(kg·bw)] every day. These interventions were performed once a day, 6 d per week, for a total of 4 weeks. After treatment, the Lequesne score was applied again to assess the severity of the KOA in the rats; hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and a mixture of equal volumes of aqueous solutions of safranin O-fast green were used to stain and observe the cartilage morphology and structure; the modified Mankin score was applied to evaluate the pathology; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method was used to quantify the C-telopeptide fragments of type Ⅱ collagen (CTX-Ⅱ) and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP); Western blotting was then applied to quantify Wnt4, β-catenin, matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP-13), and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) protein expression; immunohistochemistry was conducted to determine the percentage of collagen type X (ColX)-positive cells. Results: The Lequesne score of the TG and PMG was both lower than that of the MG (P<0.01); the HE staining, safranin O-fast green stained morphology and structure, and modified Mankin scores of the TG and the PMG were also better than those in the MG (P<0.01). Compared with the CG, the amounts of CTX-Ⅱ and COMP in the serum were significantly increased (P<0.01); the expression of Wnt4, β-catenin, MMP-13, and BMP-2 proteins in the cartilage tissue was significantly increased (P<0.01), and the percentage of ColX-positive chondrocytes was significantly increased (P<0.01) in the MG. In comparison with those in the MG, the amounts of CTX-Ⅱ and COMP were significantly decreased (P<0.01), the expression of Wnt4, β-catenin, MMP-13, and BMP-2 proteins was significantly decreased (P<0.01), and the percentage of ColX-positive chondrocytes was significantly decreased (P<0.01) in the TG and PMG. Compared with the PMG, the contents of CTX-Ⅱ and COMP and the expression of Wnt4, β-catenin, MMP-13, and BMP-2 proteins were decreased (P<0.05 or P<0.01); the percentage of ColX-positive chondrocytes was significantly decreased (P<0.01) in the TG. Conclusion: Tuina can relieve the degeneration of KOA, and the mechanism may be related to the down-regulation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, the decrease in MMP-13 and BMP-2 protein expression, the reduction in chondrocyte extracellular matrix degradation, and slowing down the terminal cell differentiation.

Objective To understand the teachers′health status of one university in Chongqing to provide the basis for the healthcare of this group.Methods The teachers′health examination information in1 303 cases of physical healthy examination was retrospectively analyzed.The data were analyzed by the SPSS17.0 statistical software.Results The main detected diseases were conj unctivitis,fatty liver,cataract,refractive error,eyeground arteriosclerosis and hypertension.The top-5 health risk factors includ-ed dyslipidemia,overweight,hyperpiesia,increased uric acid and fasting blood glucose abnormality.The detection rates of conj uncti-vitis,fatty liver,eyeground arteriosclerosis,overweight,hyperpiesia,increased uric acid,fasting blood glucose abnormality examined in males were obviously higher than those in females(P<0.05),while which of cataracts,refractive errors,hypertension and dyslip-idimia were not relevant to gender(P>0.05).Apart from the increased uric acid(P=0.740),the morbidity and risk factors in dif-ferent ages were markedly different(P<0.01).The case rate of diabetes and hypertension was lower than the national average. Conclusion The eye health status of teachers in this university is not optimistic;there were many health risk factors.The health knowledge education of overweight,dyslipidemia,pathoglycemia and hyperpiesia should be carried out aiming at this group.

Previous studies suggest that NGAL (neutro phil gelatinase-associated lipocalin) is involved in the transformation and development of esophageal carcinoma. Alteration of NGAL expression can trigger the change of cellular morphology in esophageal carcinoma cells. However, the mechanisms remain unclear. To get a better understanding of NGAL function in esophageal carcinoma, NGAL protein was expressed in methylotrophic yeast, Pichia pastoris, and purified by chromatography. EC1.71 cells expressed high levels of NGALR (NGAL receptor) and EC109 cells expressed low levels of NGALR were used as cells model. The trafficking and the possible function of NGAL protein were then analyzed in the esophageal carcinoma cells. The results showed that 5-FAM-labeled recombinant NGAL protein could internalize into the EC1.71 and EC109 cells. Furthermore, the internalized NGAL protein could induce the alteration of cellular morphology, resulting in generation of autophagosome, transcriptional up-regulation of genes associated with autophagy and increase of phospho-ERK1/2 (p-ERK1/2). Interestingly, the treatment with the NGAL protein did not affect the intracellular iron level. These data indicate that induced autophagy by exogenous NGAL protein is a mechanism that internalized NGAL plays important roles in esophageal carcinoma cells, independent with NGAL-mediated iron transport process, while ERK1/2 signal pathway is involved in activation of autophagy by exogenous NGAL protein.