Manufacture of aromatic liquor differs from that of mellow liquor not only in the technology of fermenting and producing liquor but also in the technology of preparing leaven. The difference in the technology of preparing leaven results in the difference in the formation of bacterial groups in these two kinds of leaven. In this paper, bacteria in leaven are classified into three main groups: (1) acid-producing bacteria, (2) substratedecompocing bacteria and (3) Actinomyces. For each kind of leaven the numbers of each group of bacteria is counted and the quantitative composition and structural feature is studied. The relationship between these bacteria and the respective flavors of the two kinds of liquor is discussed.

Objective To explore the pathogenic relationship between cell surface hydrophobicity (CSH) and adhesion of Cryptococcus neoformans (C.neoformans) to host cells. Method Some drugs and chemical agents were used to pre treat the yeast to observe the impact of iatrogenic factors on CSH, adhesion to host cells and capsule of the yeasts which were treated pretreated with low concentration of drugs and chemical agents for short duration in vitro. Results The results showed that both amphotericin B (AmB) and fluconazole (FCZ) decreased the adhesion of the yeasts, and caused vasiation of CSH. Ampicillin (AMP) had little influence on CSH and adhesion of the yeasts to host cells, but it caused characteristic ultrastructural changes of outer wall of yeasts and acapsulated changes which were reversible as AmB did. FCZ produced a different ultrazstructural change of the yeast′s wall and capsulated change. The chemical agents, such as PHA, ConA, fucose, mercaptoethanol and trypsin decreased CSH and adhesion level of the yeast while lectin increased adhesion level. Conclusion The above data suggest that there is no significant relationship among CSH, adhesion to host cells and the capsule of C.neoformans which are three independent biologic features of the cell wall surface of yeasts.

Objective To understand the HIV infection status and epidemic characteristics among blood donors in Hefei area to provide the basis for recruiting the blood donors and establishing the blood detection scheme.Methods Two kinds of serological re-agent were adopted for screening the blood donors.HRV RNA in the detection samples of the nucleic acid test system and positive serological samples were simultaneously sent to the municipal Center for Disease Control for conducting the confirmation detection from 2012.Results 495 279 blood donors were performed the serological screening,44 cases were confirmed HIV positive with the detection positive rate of 0.9;112 940 samples were performed the NAT detection,20 cases were confirmed HIV positive,all were the serological dual reagent positive samples.Conclusion The HIV infection among unpaid blood donors in Hefei area shows the increasing trend year by year.Effective measures must be taken to ensure the safety of blood.

Objective To study to take the oxidized Mannan?modified 786?0 in renal clear cell carcinom as tumor cells antigen to sensitize Dendrit?ic cells(DC)and to observe the its killing effect on renal clear cell carcinoma of CTLs induced. Methods Getting the peripheral blood mononucle?ar cells from the volunteers,and then to be stimulated to turn to be maturation by GM?CSF and IL?4 in vitro. Taking the clear renal carcinoma cell as the tumor antigen,and then making it to be modified by oxidized Mannan to acquire the tumor cell vaccine.Experimental groups include:blank group:DC?PBS group,control group:control?DC?786?0,experimental group:DC?Ox?Mannose?786?0 group. Taking the flow cytometry to detect the changes of DC phenotype,then taking the ELISA to detect the sencretion levels of supernatant of IL?12 of DC,then taking the CCK to detecte the cytotoxicity of lymphocytes(CTL)induced by DC of these experiment groups. Results Results by flow cytometry:the mature phenotype of DCs sensitized by Ox?Mannose?786?0 group included CD80,CD83,CD86 and HLA?DR expressed significantly higher than the other groups. As well as the secretion levels of IL?12. Meanwhile the cytotoxicity activity of lymphocytes(CTLs)induced by DCs which are sensitized by Ox?Mannose?786?0 increased more significantly than the other groups. Conclusion Glycosylated Antigens can be more effective in sensitizing antigen?presenting cells DC,and stimulating them to be maturation,while the killing effect to tumor cells also have noticeably improved.

Objective To investigate the biological effects of Wnt gene in kidney cancer Caki?2 cells. Methods The Wnt gene was silenced in kidney cancer Caki?2 cells by lentivirus vector. The cell proliferate ability of cells in each group were assayed by CCK?8 kit at different time points. The apoptosis of Caki?2 cells was observed after silencing Wnt gene by transmission electron microscope. The invasion ability of each group cells was tested using Transwell chambers. The genes expression changes of Wnt/β?catenin signaling pathway and apoptosis related gene were determined by realtime PCR. Results Compared with the other two groups,the cell proliferate ability of the cells after silencing Wntgene was suppressed,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Apoptosis increased significantly in shRNA+Caki?2+Wnt group cells with silencing of Wntgene, and apoptotic body appeared in these cells. In invasive experiment,the number of emigrated cells in shRNA+Caki?2+Wnt group were significantly lower than other groups(P<0.05). The expression of Wnt mRNA,β?catenin mRNA and Bcl?2 mRNA in shRNA+Caki?2+Wnt group cells was lower than other groups(P<0.05). Conclusion Silencing of Wnt gene of kidney cancer Caki?2 cells can affect the proliferation rate of the cells, promote the cell apoptosis,and inhibit the invasion ability,which provide certain theoretical basis for the research and development of new drugs and new therapeutic targets.

Objective:To explore the effect of standardized infection management system in neurosurgery inpatients.Methods:Using the convenience sampling method, 560 neurosurgery inpatients in Lishui Central Hospital from September 2019 to August 2020 were selected as the control group, with routine infection prevention nursing. A total of 560 neurosurgery inpatients in Lishui Central Hospital from September 2020 to August 2021 were selected as the observation group, with the standardized infection management system. The incidence of infection during hospitalization in the two groups was compared.Results:The incidence of infection in the observation group was lower than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:The standardized infection management system can improve the quality of infection prevention and control, and reduce the incidence of infection in neurosurgery inpatients.

Previous studies suggest that NGAL (neutro phil gelatinase-associated lipocalin) is involved in the transformation and development of esophageal carcinoma. Alteration of NGAL expression can trigger the change of cellular morphology in esophageal carcinoma cells. However, the mechanisms remain unclear. To get a better understanding of NGAL function in esophageal carcinoma, NGAL protein was expressed in methylotrophic yeast, Pichia pastoris, and purified by chromatography. EC1.71 cells expressed high levels of NGALR (NGAL receptor) and EC109 cells expressed low levels of NGALR were used as cells model. The trafficking and the possible function of NGAL protein were then analyzed in the esophageal carcinoma cells. The results showed that 5-FAM-labeled recombinant NGAL protein could internalize into the EC1.71 and EC109 cells. Furthermore, the internalized NGAL protein could induce the alteration of cellular morphology, resulting in generation of autophagosome, transcriptional up-regulation of genes associated with autophagy and increase of phospho-ERK1/2 (p-ERK1/2). Interestingly, the treatment with the NGAL protein did not affect the intracellular iron level. These data indicate that induced autophagy by exogenous NGAL protein is a mechanism that internalized NGAL plays important roles in esophageal carcinoma cells, independent with NGAL-mediated iron transport process, while ERK1/2 signal pathway is involved in activation of autophagy by exogenous NGAL protein.

Objective To formulate effective safety management method for falls and reduce inpatients' fall occurrence rate and fall injury rate. Methods Setting up a multi-sectoral fall management team and the failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA) was used to form a fall assessment, education, prevention and disposal management system. Taking the inpatients of Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University from January 2014 to December 2017 as the research object, the incidence and injury rate of falls of inpatients before and after FEMA implementation were compared. Results After implementation, fall occurrence rate reduced from 0.091‰ in 2014 and 2015 to 0.076‰ in 2016 and 2017, however there was no statistical significance (P＞0.05). The rate of injury above Grade 2 caused by falls decreased from 42.86% to 21.25%. The difference was statistically significant (P＜ 0.05). Conclusions Using FEMA quality improvement tools to form a fall management system can effectively reduce the fall injury rate of hospitalized patients.

Objective To investigate the clinical value of ultrasound-guided catheterization in intraperitoneal perfusion chemotherapy for postoperative abdominal malignant tumor without ascites. Methods A retrospective analysis were performed in 146 postoperative patients with abdominal malignancies who were admitted to Fujian Cancer Hospital from April 2013 to September 2018, and there were no ascites founded in these patients before abdominal catheterization. Two hundred and seventy-nine times ultrasound-guided catheterization in intraperitoneal perfusion chemotherapy were performed under clinical guidance. Results Two hundred and seventy-seven times abdominal catheterization was completed, with a success rate of 99.3％(277/279), and the one-time success rate was 83.2％(232/279), 2 times (0.7％, 2/279) had to be abandoned for peritoneal adhesions. Fifty-three patients (36.3％, 53/146) underwent catheterization ≥ 2 times. The intraperitoneal perfusion chemotherapy was successfully completed after catheterization, no intestinal injury and bleeding occurred. Conclusions In the absence of ascites, ultrasound guided catheterization in perfusion chemotherapy is safe, reliable, simple, accurate and has a high success rate. This new approach is good for clinical application when the conventional catheterization with ascites is blocked.

Objective To explore the nutritional risk influencing factors in stroke patients， and to discuss the formulation of rehabilitation nursing countermeasures. Methods We randomly selected 152 patients with acute hemorrhagic stroke admitted to our hospital from July 2018 to July 2020. Based on the results of the mini nutritional assessment （MNA） score， the patients were divided into normal group （49 cases）， risk group （53 cases）， and bad group （50 cases）. Single factor analysis and correlation analysis were used to analyze the nutritional risk factors， and the countermeasures for the influencing factors were discussed. Results Univariate analysis showed that stroke time， mechanical ventilation， swallowing dysfunction， ADL score， upper arm muscle circumference， serum albumin， and total lymphocyte count in risk and bad groups were different from the normal group. In comparison， the proportion of patients with mechanical ventilation and swallowing dysfunction was higher， and ADL score， upper arm muscle circumference， serum albumin level and total lymphocyte count were lower （P<0.05）. The Spearman rank correlation analysis showed that the factors with differences in the univariate analysis also showed correlation （P<0.05）. Among them， the positive correlation factors included the duration of stroke， receiving mechanical ventilation， swallowing dysfunction， NIHSS score， negatively related factors included ADL score， serum levels of albumin， transferrin， and hemoglobin. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that stroke time （OR=1.739， P<0.001） and swallowing dysfunction （OR=3.966， P=0.008） were independent risk factors for malnutrition. ADL score （OR=0.687， P<0.001）， upper arm muscle circumference （OR=0.770， P=0.012）， serum albumin level （OR=0.870， P=0.003） were independent protective factors for malnutrition. Conclusion The nutritional status in stroke patients is not optimistic. Most patients have swallowing disorders， motor dysfunction， and poor self-care ability. At the same time， the body protein content in patients has decreased significantly. The clinical work is needed to deal with the patients' swallowing function recovery together with the treatment of nerve damage.