The application of biological technology and the deepening of tumor research have effectively improved the level of tumor diagnosis, treatment and clinical outcome prediction. However, the specific mechanisms of tumorigenesis and development are still unclear, and tumor drug resistance has also become an urgent problem that needs to be solved to improve the clinical outcome of patients. Considerable studies have shown that the extrachromosomal DNA (ecDNA) can promote tumorigenesis, development and drug resistance. EcDNA is a looser, rounded form of DNA with unique genetic properties that carry specific genes and regulatory elements. This paper will discuss the biological characteristics, tumor-promoting mechanisms and drug resistance-facilitating of ecDNA.

Glioma is one of the most common and invasive malignant tumors in the central nervous system. The Wnt-β-catenin signaling pathway is a classical Wnt pathway, which is involved in the occurrence and development of glioma and other tumors. Long non-coding RNA (LncRNA) is a functional RNA molecule without protein coding function, which plays a regulatory role in the occurrence and development of various tumors. Recent studies have shown that LncRNA and Wnt-β-catenin signaling pathways are jointly involved in glioma growth, invasion, migration and other processes, but the complex mechanism has not been thoroughly elaborated. In this paper, the influence of Wnt-β-catenin signaling pathway and its related LncRNA on glioma was reviewed, and the pathogenesis of glioma was deeply understood, so as to find a better way for the diagnosis and treatment of glioma.