Air Pollution, Indoor ; analysis ; Anesthetics ; analysis ; Environmental Monitoring ; methods ; Isoflurane ; analysis ; Methyl Ethers ; analysis ; Operating Rooms

Objective To investigate kupffer cells (KCs) expressing indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase(IDO)in the inhibition of allogeneic T-cell proliferation in vitro. Methods Real-time PCR was used to investigate the expression of IDO mRNA and FasL mRNA in KCs pretreated with or without IFNγ. High performance liquid chromatography was used to analyze the catabolism of tryptophan by IDO from KCs. Allogeneic T-cell response was used to confirm the inhibition of KCs in vitro. The proliferation of lymphocytes was detected using [3 H] thymidine incorporation. Cell cycle and lymphocyte apoptosis were evaluated by flow cytometric assay. Results Real-time PCR revealed IDO mRNA and FasL mRNA expression in KCs pretreated with IFN-γ. IDO catabolic effect was confirmed by a decrease in tryptophan and increase in kynurenine concentration. KCs expressing IDO and FasL from BABL/c mice acquire the ability to suppress the proliferation of T-cells from C57BL/6, which could be blocked by the addition of 1-methyl-tryptophan and anti-FasL antibody. The co-cultured T-cells with KCs expressing IDO and FasL could induce allogeneic T-cell apoptosis and exhibited cell-cycle arrest in G1. Conclusion In addition to the Fas/FasL pathway, IDO may also play an important role in KCs to inhibit allogeneic T-cell proliferation in vitro.

OBJECTIVETo observe the efficacy of He-wei Jie-gu (Chinese characters) decoction on femoral intertrochanteric fractures after internal fixation in elderly.

METHODSFrom January 2010 to January 2012, 90 elderly patients with osteoporotic intertrochanteric fracture were randomly divided into two groups. The patients in experimental group were treated with open reduction and internal fixation, He-wei Jie-gu decoction and Caltrate D in oral, including 18 males and 27 females with an average age of (77.8±11.3) years old ranging from 65 to 89 years old;the time from injured to operation was 2 to 9 days with an average of (6.6±2.1) days; according to Evans-Jensen classification, 17 cases were in type I, 8 in type II, 15 in type III, 3 in type IV, 2 in type V. Meanwhile, the patients in control group were treated with open reduction and internal fixation, Caltrate D in oral, including 16 males and 29 females with an average age of (81.2±9.6) years old ranging from 67 to 91 years old; the time from injury to operation was 2 to 10 days with an average of (6.8±2.6) days; according to Evans-Jensen classification, 15 cases were in type I, 10 in type II, 14 in type III, 4 in type W, 2 in type V. The VAS score, hip BMD value before and after treatment, fracture healing and the Harris function score after operation were recorded and compared.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up from 3 to 9 months with an average of (5.6±2.8) months. Compared with the control group, the VAS score of the experimental group had an obviously reduction (F=98.138, P<0.01) after treatment; the hip BMD value at 3 months after treatment in the experimental group was higher than that of the control group (P<0.05); the fracture healing rate of the experimental group was higher than that of the control group (P<0.05); Harris score in 3 months of follow-up in the experimental group was higher than that of the control group (t=2.542, P<0.05); all the differences between two groups were statistically significant (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONHe-wei Jie-gu decoction can reduce postoperative pain and increase bone mineral density after internal fixation of femoral intertrochanteric fracture in elderly, promote the fracture healing and functional recovery in the hip joint.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Bone Density ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Femur ; injuries ; surgery ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; Hip Fractures ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Osteoporotic Fractures ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Pain, Postoperative ; drug therapy ; physiopathology

Objective To explore the levels of serum alkaline phosphatase ( ALP) as well as its impact on the cognitive impairment in patients with subcortical ischemic vascular disease ( SIVD).Methods One hundred and fifty-eight SIVD patients were divided into two subgroups which included 86 patients with mild cognitive impairment ( SVMCI ) and 72 patients with vascular dementia ( SVaD ) according to the severity of cognitive impairment.Sixty-seven old people with normal cognitive function were selected as control qruop.Multiple lacunar infarction ( LI) or leukoaraiosis ( LA) was detected according to their MRI scan appearances and graded LA according to the severity.Serum ALP was measured by an enzymatic method as well as the Mini-Mental State Examination ( MMSE) and the Cambridge Cognitive Examination-Chinese Version (CAMCOG-C) were used in assessments.Serum ALP was divided into 3 groups and the occurrence rate of LI , LA and cognitive impairment were compared with each other.The levels of ALP were compared in different cognitive impairment and Logistic regression was used to explore the relation between ALP and cognitive impairment.Results Both SVaD and SVMCI groups (17.00 (13.00, 20.00), 59.50 (49.00, 68.75);25.00 (25.00, 26.00), 82.50 (76.75, 89.00)) showed significantly lower scores in MMSE and CAMCOG-C than control group (28.00 (28.00, 29.00), 93.00 (89.00, 96.00); Z=187.337, P=0.000; Z=150.480, P=0.000).A positive relationship between the elevated ALP level and the severity of cognitive impairment was found after adjusting for sex , age and other confunding factors ((68.60 ±15.52), (78.76 ±13.39), (86.75 ±18.85) U/L, F=22.587, P=0.000).The occurrence rate of LI, LA and SVaD among the three groups were significantly different (χ2 =8.008, P=0.018;χ2 =17.998, P=0.000;χ2 =12.255, P=0.002).The ALP level was negatively correlated with MMSE and CAMCOG-C scores ( r=-0.350, P=0.000; r=-0.286, P=0.000 ).Logistic regression analysis revealed the relation between ALP and cognitive impairment was positive when we controlled all the vascular risk factors.However , the relation had gone when futher adjusting for the grade of LA.Conclusions The level of ALP is significantly higher in SIVD patients and positively relates with cognitive impairment especially in those whose grade of LA is severe.

Aim To discuss the influence of endosome/ lysosome transport proteins SNX10 on macrophage, providing new potential targets for the treatment of variety of related immune diseases . Methods The genotype of mice was identified by PCR. The role of SNX10 in phagocytosis of bacterial components and sterilization by macrophages were assessed. The levels of TNF-α、IL-12 / 23 p40 and IL-6 were measured by q-PCR and ELISA assay. Finally, the NF-κB signaling pathway was evaluated by Western blot and immuno-fluorescence staining. Results Ex vivo experiments showed that SNX10 knockout could enhance bactericid-al ability and inhibit the expression and production of TNF-α, IL-12 / 23 p40 and IL-6 of macrophages.These effects might attribute to the inhibition of NF-κB signaling pathway activation. Conclusion SNX10 knockout could enhance bactericidal ability and inhibit the inflammatory response of macrophages, and its mechanism may be achieved through the NF-κB signa-ling pathway.

Objective:To observe the efficacy of He wei Jie gu(和胃接骨)decoction on femoral intertrochanteric frac?tures after internal fixation in elderly. Methods:From January 2010 to January 2012,90 elderly patients with osteoporotic in?tertrochanteric fracture were randomly divided into two groups. The patients in experimental group were treated with open re?duction and internal fixation,He wei Jie gu decoction and Caltrate D in oral,including 18 males and 27 females with an aver?age age of(77.8±11.3)years old ranging from 65 to 89 years old;the time from injured to operation was 2 to 9 days with an av?erage of(6.6±2.1)days;according to Evans-Jensen classification,17 cases were in typeⅠ,8 in typeⅡ,15 in typeⅢ,3 in typeⅣ,2 in type V. Meanwhile,the patients in control group were treated with open reduction and internal fixation,Caltrate D in oral,including 16 males and 29 females with an average age of(81.2±9.6)years old ranging from 67 to 91 years old;the time from injury to operation was 2 to 10 days with an average of(6.8±2.6)days;according to Evans-Jensen classification,15 cases were in typeⅠ,10 in typeⅡ,14 in typeⅢ,4 in typeⅣ,2 in typeⅤ. The VAS score,hip BMD value before and after treatment,fracture healing and the Harris function score after operation were recorded and compared. Results:All patients were followed up from 3 to 9 months with an average of(5.6±2.8)months. Compared with the control group,the VAS score of the experimental group had an obviously reduction(F=98.138,P<0.01)after treatment;the hip BMD value at 3 months after treat?ment in the experimental group was higher than that of the control group(P<0.05);the fracture healing rate of the experimental group was higher than that of the control group(P<0.05);Harris score in 3 months of follow up in the experimental group was higher than that of the control group(t=2.542,P<0.05);all the differences between two groups were statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusion:He wei Jie gu decoction can reduce postoperative pain and increase bone mineral density after internal fixa?tion of femoral intertrochanteric fracture in elderly,promote the fracture healing and functional recovery in the hip joint.

Shikimic acid (SA), as a hydroaromatic intermediate in the common pathway of aromatic amino acid biosynthesis, is the starting material for the synthesis of neuraminidase inhibitors and other useful compounds. The fermentative production of SA by metabolically engineered microorganisms is an excellent alternative to the extraction from fruits of the Illicium plant. In this study, Escherichia coli was metabolically engineered by rational design and genetic manipulation for fermentative production of SA. Firstly, blocking the aromatic amino acid pathway after the production of SA was carried out by deletion of aroL and aroK genes encoding SA kinase. Secondly, the ptsG gene encoding protein EIICBglc were removed in the aroL/aroK mutant strain to make the phosphotransferase system (PTS) system default. In the resulting strain, the phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent PTS pathway, a main pathway for glucose transport, were replaced by ATP-dependent GalP (galactose permease). Thus, more PEP flux was used to produce SA as a critical precursor of SA. Furthermore, ydiB gene (encoding quinic acid/SA dehydrogenase) was deleted to prevent SA precursors of 3-dehyroquinic acid into the byproduct of quinic acid. Thus, the engineered strain with four genes deletion was constructed and 576 mg/L SA was produced in the shake flask fermentation. Results show that SA produciton was increased 90 times compared to the parent strain E. coli CICIM B0013.
Escherichia coli ; enzymology ; genetics ; metabolism ; Gene Knockout Techniques ; Metabolic Engineering ; methods ; Recombinant Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Shikimic Acid ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the safety and efficacy of imatinib in treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients.

METHODSFrom December 2003 to March 2007, 151 patients entered Glivec International Patient Assistance Program (GIPAP) in our center and received imatinib therapy. The overall and progression free survival, hematologic, cytogenetic and molecular response, and adverse events were evaluated. The factors associated with outcome of imatinib therapy were also analysed.

RESULTSOne hundred and forty-two patients were evaluable with a median follow-up duration of 21.5 (6 -78) months. (1) The rate of cumulative complete hematologic response (CHR), major cytogenetic response (MCyR), complete cytogenetic response (CCyR) and complete molecular response (CMoR) in chronic phase (CP) CML patients were 96.9%, 82.6%, 76.1% and 29.4%, respectively. These rates were significantly higher in patients with CP than in those with accelerated phase (AP) and blast crisis (BC) (P < 0.0001). (2) The overall survival (OS) rates at 1, 2 and 3 year were 100%, (97.3 +/- 1.9)% and (95.8 +/- 2.4)% for CP patients, they were (84.7 +/- 8.2)%, (77.0 +/- 10.4)% and (69.3 +/- 11.9)% for AP patients, and (62.9 +/- 8.9)%, (41.9 +/- 9.2)% and (28.5 +/- 9.1)% for BC patients, respectively (P < 0.0001). The progression-free survival (PFS) rates at 1, 2 and 3 year were (98.9 +/- 1.1)%, (93.9 +/- 2.7)%, (93.9 +/- 2.7)% for CP patients, (68.9 +/- 10.6)%, (61.3 +/- 11.9)%, (61.3 +/- 11.9)% for AP patients, (36.4 +/- 8.8)%, (25.4 +/- 8.1)%, (10.1 +/- 8.2)% (P < 0.0001) for BC patients respectively. (3) Among 92 CP patients, the rates of MCyR and CCyR in newly diagnosed patients were significantly higher than those in interferon therapy failure patients (P = 0.015, P = 0.010). Patients obtained CCyR at 12 months after the initiation of imatinib treatment were associated with longer PFS (P = 0.0099). According to the Sokal scoring system, the rates of MCyR and CCyR in low-risk patients were significantly higher than those in intermediate-risk and high-risk patients (P = 0.0013, P = 0.0024). Sokal score was also significantly associated with disease progression (P = 0.0467). (4) The adverse events of imatinib were moderate and tolerable.

CONCLUSIONSTreatment of CML patients in CP with imatinib can induce high hematologic, cytogenetic and molecular response and overall survival, but can not do satisfactorily for patients in AP and BC.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Antineoplastic Agents ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Benzamides ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Imatinib Mesylate ; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive ; drug therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Piperazines ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Pyrimidines ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Objective:To evaluate the efficiency of ResNet50-OC model based on deep learning for multiple classification of color fundus photographs.Methods:The proprietary dataset (PD) collected in July 2018 in BenQ Hospital of Nanjing Medical University and EyePACS dataset were included.The included images were classified into five types of high quality, underexposure, overexposure, blurred edges and lens flare according to clinical ophthalmologists.There were 1 000 images (800 from EyePACS and 200 from PD) for each type in the training dataset and 500 images (400 from EyePACS and 100 from PD) for each type in the testing dataset.There were 5 000 images in the training dataset and 2 500 images in the testing dataset.All images were normalized and augmented.The transfer learning method was used to initialize the parameters of the network model, on the basis of which the current mainstream deep learning classification networks (VGG, Inception-resnet-v2, ResNet, DenseNet) were compared.The optimal network ResNet50 with best accuracy and Micro F1 value was selected as the main network of the classification model in this study.In the training process, the One-Cycle strategy was introduced to accelerate the model convergence speed to obtain the optimal model ResNet50-OC.ResNet50-OC was applied to multi-class classification of fundus image quality.The accuracy and Micro F1 value of multi-classification of color fundus photographs by ResNet50 and ResNet50-OC were evaluated.Results:The multi-classification accuracy and Micro F1 values of color fundus photographs of ResNet50 were significantly higher than those of VGG, Inception-resnet-v2, ResNet34 and DenseNet.The accuracy of multi-classification of fundus photographs in the ResNet50-OC model was 98.77% after 15 rounds of training, which was higher than 98.76% of the ResNet50 model after 50 rounds of training.The Micro F1 value of multi-classification of retinal images in ResNet50-OC model was 98.78% after 15 rounds of training, which was the same as that of ResNet50 model after 50 rounds of training.Conclusions:The proposed ResNet50-OC model can be accurate and effective in the multi-classification of color fundus photograph quality.One-Cycle strategy can reduce the frequency of training and improve the classification efficiency.