Objective To study the expression of CD44v6 and CD44s in bladder transitional cell carcinomas. Methods: The immunohistochemical staining of monoclonsl antibodies CD44v6 and CD44s were operated in 79 bladder transitional cell carinomas. Results (1) A strong expression of CD44v6 and CD44s were observed in atypical proliferation cells of bladder caricnoma in situ. (2) CD44v6 and CD44s expressed in recurrent I or Ⅱ grade transitional cell carcinomas were 90%(18/20) and 40%(8/20). (3) The positive expression rates of CD44v6 and CD44s were 43. 1%(31/72) and 13. 9%(10/72)in invasive transitional cell carcinomas; moreover, the expression of CD44v6 reduced with the poor differentiation and the deeply invasive growth of transitional eell carcinomas. Conclusion The investigation results suggested that CD44v6 played a role in the formation and recurrence of the bladder transitional cell carcinomas, but the reduced expression of CD44v6 probably related with the poor differentiation and invasive growth of the bladder transitional cell carcinomas.

BACKGROUND: Biliary complications are the common complication of liver transplantation. However, it is difficult to find the complications, since no obvious characteristic signs on the patients. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), especially,magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) may provide a comprehensive evaluation of the functions and complications of the transplanted liver as a safe, noninvasive and exact technique.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the manifestation of biliary system after liver transplantation by MRCP and its value of diagnosis of biliary complications.DESIGN: Comparative observation.SETTING: Medical Imaging Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University.PARTICIPANTS: A total of 13 male liver transplantation patients aged from 40-58 years, who received imaging examination at Medical Imaging Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University from January 2003 to January 2005, were enrolled. Original causes of liver failure included cirrhosis (n =11) and primal hepatic carcinoma (n =2). Ten received orthotopic liver transplantation, while 3 received piggyback orthotopic liver transplantation. Anastomotic mode of bile duct was common bile duct end-to-end anastomosis. The interval between transplantation and MRI examination ranged from 15 days to 1 year. All patients knew the items of examination and agreed to participate in the experiment.METHODS: Thirteen patients with orthotopic liver transplantation underwent turbo spin-echo (TSE) and fast low angle shot (FLASH), MRCP, Gd-DTPA enhanced MRI to analyze the characteristics of each imaging after liver transplantation.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The imaging findings of the reestablished bile duct and complications of bile duct at MRCP.RESULTS: The diameters of bile duct and caliber were normal, no stricture on anastomotic stoma in 3 patients.Thick-section planes of MRCP did not develop biliary duct of one case. Biliary dilation occurred in 8 patients. There were 5 cases of biliary strictures and 2 cases of choledochus stone. Mucocele of bile duct remnant was identified in 2 cases.Bile leakage occurred in 1 case after T-tube was removed. Rejection reaction occurred in 2 cases.CONCLUSION: MRCP not only can display the image of reestablished biliary tract after liver transplantation, but also can exactly diagnose complications rapidly.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD)in outpatients who visited department of internal medicine in hospitals of Zhejiang province and its risk fac- tors were analyzed.Methods The epidemiologic study was carried out on outpatients with reflex diagnos- tic questionnaire(RDQ).The data was analyzed with Logistic regression methods.Results The preva- lence of GERD in those patients was 7.28%(95% CI:6.87%-7.69%)in preliminary screening.There was significant correlation among gender,age,degree of labour intensity,status of marriage and the oc currence of GERD(P

Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura(ITP) as an autoimmune disease,is the most common clinical hemorrhagic disease.But,its pathogenesis is not completely clear yet.Low platelet count can easily repeate in chronic ITP patients,there are poor efficacy in refractory ITP patients,too.In recent years,a series of important progress on the pathogenesis of ITP had been made.In the humoral mechanism,there were significant progress on the emergence of autoantibodies;the theory on anomaly of the megakaryocyte quantity and quality caused by autoantibody were put forward.In the cellular mechanisms,the theory on reduction in the number of Tr cells,Co-stimulative signal and platelets directly dissolved by cytotoxicity T cells were put forward also.This review will be made to sum up the study progress on the pathogenesis of ITP.

Objective To explore the significance of the changes of serum B cell activating factor(BAFF) in children with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura(ITP).Methods The concentrations of BAFF were detected by ELISA in 42 children with ITP(test group) before and after treatment in the Children′s Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University from Apr.to Nov.2008,the blood platelet count(BPC) was detected also.And 40 children who were operated selectively were selected as control group.The variation of concentrations of BAFF were analyzed among children with ITP before,after treatment and control group.Moreover,the relationship between serum BAFF expression and BPC were analyzed by the Pearson test.Results The concentrations of serum BAFF were higher in children with ITP before treatment compared with that in control group [(0.943 3?0.583 5) ?g?L-1 vs(0.538 9?0.234 7) ?g?L-1,P0.05).There was negative correlation between serum BAFF expression and BPC(r=-0.305,P

BACKGROUND:The biological extracellular matrix materials become the focus of pelvic floor repair materials research because of its excellent biocompatibility and mechanical compatibility. However, bacterial infection can damage the function of biological repair materials. ＜br> OBJECTIVE:To prepare the biologic antimicrobial materials for pelvic tissue function repair. ＜br> METHODS:Chitosan and tigecycline-loaded chitosan nanoparticles suspension was prepared by the electrostatic adsorption and self-aggregation of nanoparticles preparation techniques. Then the suspension was coated onto the surface of extracellular matrix materials. The morphological examination was performed by scanning electron microscope. The antibacterial property was detected by solid plate microbial culture method. ＜br> RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Infrared spectra displayed that aromatic ring skeleton vibration peak of chitosan occurred on the biologic antimicrobial materials, and it was significantly widened at about 3 359 cm-1, indicating the composite coating was successful to modify the surface of extracellular matrix materials. As a very smal dose of tigecycline, there was no characteristic absorption peak on the infrared spectra. Scanning electron microscopy showed the porous structure of the material surface with some nanoparticles adhesion. The prepared materials had good antibacterial properties on Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, and the inhibition zone diameter was significantly increased with the increasing concentration of antibacterial agent. The biologic antimicrobial materials for pelvic tissue function repair were prepared successful y.

Objective To observe and compare the functions of two types microencapsulated adult pig pancreatic islets in vivo.Methods The diabetic rats induced by streptozocin were divided into four groups:control group,non-encapsulated islet transplantation group,encapsulated islet with sodium alginate membrane transplantation group and encapsulated islet with agarose membrane transplantation group.All rats received intraperitoneal of islet transplantation.Results There were no significant difference in mean level of the blood glucose before transplantation among four groups.On the 7th day after transplantation,the mean level of the blood glucose in four groups were (22 67?1 15)mmol/L,(18 58?2 66)mmol/L(12 27?1 36)mmol/L and (12 38?2 68) mmol/L,respectively.There were significant difference between two encapsulated islet groups as compared with the other two groups(P

Objectives To study the changes of gastrointestinal hormones in chronic constipation. Methods 17 outpatient chronic constipation patients, and 10 normal persons were respectively chosen as observation group and control group. Fasting blood samples were taken in all patients. The serum levels of somatostatin (SS) and substance P (SP) were tested using RIA method.Results The serum level of SS and SP in observation group were (120.57?27.84)pg/ml and (7.68?2.5)pg/ml respectively, significantly higher than that in control group (P

[Objective]To compare the osteoinductive activity of calcium sulfate(CS),allogenetic demineralized bone materials(ADBM) and heterogenetic demineralized bone materials(HDBM) by observing their efficiency in inducing bone formation.[Method]CS,ADBM and HDBM were transplanted into thigh muscle pouches of mice.Thirty-six mature Sprague-Dawly mice were divided into 2 groups at random.CS was transplanted into the left(group A 1,n=9) and ADBM into the right(group A2,n=9) thigh muscle pouches.HDBM was transplanted into the left thigh muscle pouches(group B 1,n=9) and the right sites were taken as blank controls(group B2,n=9).Experiments were done to induce ectopic bone formation.At 2,4,6 weeks postoperatively,specimen were collected to evaluate gross and tissue structures and biochemical tests for alkaline phosphatase(ALP) and Ca2+ so that osteoinductive activities of different bone graft materials could be assessed.[Result]At 2 weeks postoperativly,ADBM and HDBM were wrapped up by fibrous tissues and stromal cells gathering around the DBM slices.At 4 weeks postoperativly,formation of cartilage and osteoblasts were observed,and at 6 weeks,materials like cartilage matrix were observed to grow.The concentration of ALP and Ca2+ in study groups was higher than that of control group,which meant that 2 types of DBM had osteogenic potential and that the differences of osteogenetie potential in ADBM and HDBM relied on the donors,whereas CS could be degraded and absorbed fast with light inflammatory reaction and no ectopic bone formation was observed in CS graft.[Conclusion]Both ADBM and HDBM have osteoinductive potential.ADBM is better in inducing ectopic bone formation than HDBM.Differences in donors and preparation of ADBM and HDBM have impacts on their abilities of inducing ectopic bone formation.CS is good at biocompatibility and could be used as bulking agents to repair bone defects.

Objective To explore the value of CT in diagnosing abdominal leiomyosarcoma.Methods CT findings of abdominal leiomyosarcomas conformed pathologically in 9 patients were analyzed.Results The tumors localized in peritoneum in 3 cases,in stomach in 3 cases,in rectum,colon and uterus in 1 case respectively.On plain CT scan,the tumors appeared as unhomogeneous dense masses with mecrosis at the centre,the periphery of tumors was flocculation or ringlike,and having fluid-fluid level in 1 case.The delayed peripheral enhancement on contrast CT could be seen.Conclusion CT imaging can help to diagnosis the abdominal leiomyosarcoma.