Cardia ; pathology ; surgery ; China ; epidemiology ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; epidemiology ; surgery ; Esophagectomy ; Esophagoscopy ; Gastroscopy ; Humans ; Mass Screening ; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures ; Precancerous Conditions ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Stomach Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; epidemiology ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo compare clinical effect of T-shaped locking internal fixation and external fixation in treating dorsal Barton's fracture,and investigate selective strategy of internal fixation.

METHODSFrom January 2008 to January 2013, 100 patients with dorsal Barton's fracture were randomly divided into two groups. In treatment group, there were 30 males and 20 females with an average age of (33.8±3.6) years old;30 cases were type B, 20 cases were type C;and treated with T-shaped locking internal fixation. In control group, there were 32 male and 18 females with an average age of (32.9±3.4) years old; 29 cases were type B, 21 cases were type C; and treated with external fixation. Volar tilt, ulnar deviation and radial height at 3 months after operation were detected and compared between two groups. Mechara functional evaluation were used to evaluate postoperative clinical effects. Clinical cure time, postoperative complications,joint mobility and function score were recorded and compared between two groups.

RESULTSIn treatment group,volar tilt was (11.9±2.7)°, ulnar deviation was (20.8+ 2.9)°,and radial height was (10.9±1.8) mm; while volar tilt was (9.1±1.6)°, ulnar deviation was (17.1±2.9)°, and radial height was (8.1±1.5) mm in control group. Treatment group was better than control group in volar tilt, ulnar deviation and radial height. Clinical cure time in treatment group was(12.0±2.3) weeks, shorter than control group (18.0±4.1) weeks. The incidence of complications in treatment group was lower than control group. According to Mehara functional evaluation,20 cases got excellent results, 25 good, 3 moderate and 2 poor in treatment group; 16 cases got excellent results, 14 good, 10 moderate and 10 poor in control group. Treatment group was better than control group in clinical effects.

CONCLUSIONT-shaped locking internal fixation with postoperative functional exercise for the treatment of dorsal Barton's fracture fits for biomechanics demands,and has advantages of stable fixation,rapid recovery, less complications and good functional recovery, it has better clinical effects.

Adult ; Bone Plates ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Fracture Fixation ; instrumentation ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; instrumentation ; Humans ; Male ; Radius Fractures ; surgery ; Wrist Injuries ; surgery

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an acute infectious disease caused by the new severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, which has led to serious worldwide economic burden. Due to the continuous emergence of variants, vaccines and monoclonal antibodies are only partial effective against infections caused by distinct strains of SARS-CoV-2. Therefore, it is still of great importance to call for the development of broad-spectrum and effective small molecule drugs to combat both current and future outbreaks triggered by SARS-CoV-2. Cathepsin L (CatL) cleaves the spike glycoprotein (S) of SARS-CoV-2, playing an indispensable role in enhancing virus entry into host cells. Therefore CatL is one of the ideal targets for the development of pan-coronavirus inhibitor-based drugs. In this study, a CatL enzyme inhibitor screening model was established based on fluorescein labeled substrate. Two CatL inhibitors IMB 6290 and IMB 8014 with low cytotoxicity were obtained through high-throughput screening, the half inhibition concentrations (IC₅₀) of which were 11.53 ± 0.68 and 1.56 ± 1.10 μmol·L^-1, respectively. SDS-PAGE and cell-cell fusion experiments confirmed that the compounds inhibited the hydrolysis of S protein by CatL in a concentration-dependent manner. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) detection showed that both compounds exhibited moderate binding affinity with CatL. Molecular docking revealed the binding mode between the compound and the CatL active pocket. The pseudovirus experiment further confirmed the inhibitory effects of IMB 8014 on the S protein mediated entry process. In vitro pharmacokinetic evaluation indicated that the compounds had relatively good drug-likeness properties. Our research suggested that these two compounds have the potential to be further developed as antiviral drugs for COVID-19 treatment.

Transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2) is a cell surface protease widely present in the human body. It is involved in the infection of various viruses such as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and in the cell invasion, tumor growth and metastasis processes of prostate cancer. This study used Boc-Gln-Ala-Arg-AMC as the fluorescent substrate to determine the cleavage activity of TMPRSS2 towards SARS-CoV-2 S protein. Then cell-based screening model for TMPRSS2 inhibitors was established in Vero E6 cells overexpressing TMPRSS2 (Vero E6/TMPRSS2). Seven compounds exhibiting TMPRSS2 inhibitory activities with low toxicity were obtained through high-throughput screening (HTS) from natural and synthetic compound pure product library of National Center for Screening Novel Microbial Drugs. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) has shown that the obtained inhibitors could bind to TMPRSS2 with moderate affinity in a dose dependent manner. Cell-cell fusion experiments have shown that the obtained inhibitors can inhibit the occurrence of S protein mediated cell-cell fusion by inhibiting TMPRSS2 cleavage of SARS-CoV-2 S protein in a concentration dependent manner. Preliminary pseudovirus experiment showed that the inhibitors may reduce the pseudovirus infection into Opti-HEK-293T-ACE2 cells to varying degrees. In a word, this study successfully established a cell-based HTS model for TMPRSS2 inhibitor and preliminarily confirmed that the seven screened inhibitors possessed in vitro anti-TMPRSS2 activities, providing new structural scaffolds for the development of new drugs against SARS-CoV-2.

ObjectiveToinvestigatetheinflammatoryresponseandapoptosisof peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs) and their regulation by triptolide(TP) in IgA nephropathy(IgAN) patients.MethodsBlood samples were collected from 29 IgAN patients and 16 healthy individuals.TNF-α and IL-6 concentrations were measured by ELISA and NO concentration by Griess reagent in the plasma of samples.PBMCs were isolated from IgAN patients and cultured in vitro,and subsequently activated by PHA(10 mg/L).The cytotoxicity of different TP concentrations was assayed by MTT and two non-toxic concentrations (12.5 μg/L or 25.0 μg/L)were selected for treatment.TNF-α,IL-6 and NO concentrations were measured in the culture media collected from PBMCs cultures activated by PHA (10 mg/L) and treated with TP (12.5 μg/L or 25.0 μg/L).The PHA-activated,TP-treated cells apoptotic rate was analyzed by FACS using Annexin V-FITC staining.The expression of Bcl-2,Bax,caspase-9 and caspase-3 were detected by RT-PCR and Western blotting from lyses of PHA-activated with or without TP-treated cells.ResultsThe serum concentrations of TNF-α[(131.57±50.61) ng/L vs(30.24±18.93) ng/L,P＜0.01],IL-6[(76.36±25.21) ng/L vs(35.08±16.59) ng/L,P＜0.01] and NO[(46.36±12.93) μmol/Lvs (26.61 ±10.87) μmol/L,P＜0.01] were significantly increased in IgAN patients compared to healthy individuals.PBMCs viability in culture decreased after TP treatment in a dose-dependent manner.TP also inhibited TNF-α,IL-6 and NO levels in the media of PHA-activated PBMCs in culture and induced PBMCs apoptosis.The expression of Bcl-2 decreased markedly and Bax,caspase-9 and caspase-3 increased significantly after TP treatment (all P＜0.05).Conclusions The PBMCs from IgAN patients are in a highly activated state,and have a high apoptotic rate.TP treatment induces benificial effects in IgAN patients by inhibiting the activation of PBMCs by activating pro-apoptotic pathway.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the role of endothelin-1 and its receptors on hypertrophy or proliferation of cultured cardial cells.

METHODSCardiomyocytes and cardiac fibroblasts were isolated by trypsin digestion method, DNA and protein synthesis were measured by 3H-dexyribonucleotidethymine (3H-TdR) and 3H-Leucine (3H-Leu) incorporation, while protein content was measured by Bradford method. Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) mRNA expression of cardiomyocyte was measured by reverse transcripted-polymerase chain reaction. Selective endothelin (ET) receptor subtype antagonists BQ123 and BQ788 were used to block ET(A) receptors (ET(A)R) and ET(B)R respectively and to observe the effects of the two receptors during cardiac hypertrophy.

RESULTSET-1 significantly increased the 3H-TdR and 3H-Leu incorporation rate of cardiomyocytes and cardiac fibroblasts in a dose-dependent manner and increased protein content. Furthermore, ET-1 promoted the ANP mRNA expression of cardiomyocyte. ET(A)R antagonist remarkably blocked these effects, while ET(B)R antagonist had no obvious effect.

CONCLUSIONSET-1 can induce the hypertrophy for cardiomyocytes and the proliferation for cardiac fibroblasts. These effects are mediated by ET(A)R.

Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Atrial Natriuretic Factor ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Cell Proliferation ; Cells, Cultured ; Endothelin-1 ; physiology ; Fibroblasts ; cytology ; pathology ; Hypertrophy ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; cytology ; pathology ; RNA, Messenger ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptor, Endothelin A ; physiology

Objective To observe the relationship between apoptosis of K562 cell induced by iron-deprivation and activation of Caspase-3.Methods K562 cells were treated with desferrioxamine(DFO) in different dosages were collected at different time points.K562 cells were labelled with Annexin V/PI,and then the rate of apoptosis was measured by flow cytometry;The activation of Caspase-3 were detected by colorimetric method with pAN labelled substrate;The active protein of Caspase-3 were analyzed by Western blot.Results When K562 cells were treated with different concentrations of DFO,the apoptosis rate and the activity of Caspase-3 increases gradually.When K562 cells were incubated with DFO(50 ?mol/L and 100 ?mol/L) 24 h later,the enzymatic activity of Caspase-3 increases dramatically more than that of control group,and the difference was significantly(P0.05).All those effect above can be counteracted by equal mole concentration of FeCl_3.Conclusion Iron-deprivation maybe induce the apoptosis of K562 cell by chelating intracellular iron and activing Caspase-3.

OBJECTIVETo compare the effects and complications of subinguinal microscopic ligation, laparoscopic transperitoneal varicocelectomy, laparoscopic retroperitoneal varicocelectomy, open retroperitoneal high ligation, and interventional embolotherapy in the treatment of varicocele.

METHODSWe conducted a retrospective study that included 632 varicocele patients treated by subinguinal microscopic ligation (group A, n = 79), laparoscopic transperitoneal varicocelectomy (group B, n = 120), laparoscopic retroperitoneal varicocelectomy (group C, n =137), open retroperitoneal high ligation (group D, n = 283), and interventional embolotherapy (group E, n = 13). We compared the baseline and 3-month postoperative semen parameters, postoperative complications, and pregnancy rate among the five groups of patients.

RESULTSThe operation time was longer in groups A ([2.02 ± 1.25] h) and E ([2.17 ± 1.02] h) than in the other three groups, while the postoperative hospital stay was the shortest in group E ([1.1 ± 0.1] d). Intestinal injury or incision bleeding occurred intraoperatively in 2 cases in group B and 1 case in group E. Postoperative scrotal edema developed in 3.7, 17, 10, and 19% of the patients in groups A, B, C, and D, respectively, but not in group E. The rate of 1-year recurrence was the lowest in group A (1.6%) and highest in group E (22%). Sperm concentration and the percentages of progressively motile sperm and morphologically normal sperm were improved postoperatively in all the patients (P < 0. 05), but there were no statistically significant differences among the five groups either in the above three parameters or in the postoperative pregnancy rate (P > 0. 05).

CONCLUSIONIn the surgical treatment of varicocele, laparoscopic retroperitoneal approach involves short operation time and few complications, subinguinal microscopic ligation has the advantages of little injury, rapid recovery, and few complications but requires specialized microsurgical techniques, and interventional embolotherapy leaves no incision scar and needs only local anesthesia and 1-day postoperative hospital stay, which is uitable for those with a contraindication to anesthesia.

Embolization, Therapeutic ; adverse effects ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; adverse effects ; methods ; Length of Stay ; Ligation ; adverse effects ; methods ; Male ; Operative Time ; Postoperative Complications ; Postoperative Hemorrhage ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Rate ; Recurrence ; Retroperitoneal Space ; Retrospective Studies ; Sperm Count ; Urogenital Surgical Procedures ; adverse effects ; Varicocele ; surgery ; Vascular Surgical Procedures ; adverse effects ; methods

Adult ; Aged ; Electroacupuncture ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Complications ; therapy ; Rectal Neoplasms ; surgery ; Treatment Outcome ; Urinary Retention ; therapy

A bacterial strain DN25, effective on cyanide-degradation, was isolated from contaminated soil and identified as Alcaligenes sp. on the basis of phenotype analysis and 16S rDNA sequence analysis. It showed great tolerance to the cyanide, which can grow in the medium containing 500mg CN -/L. The suitable condition for the cell growth and boitransformation was pH8.0 and 30oC and the transformation rate for 500mg CN - /L could achieve 99% in 10 h. It has also been found that the screened strain had the ability of K 4Fe(CN) 6 transformation with 96% of transformation rate at 12 h for the concentration of 500 mg CN /L.