Adult ; Aged ; Diagnostic Errors ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Necrosis ; Otitis Externa ; diagnosis ; pathology

Adult ; Carcinoma, Mucoepidermoid ; pathology ; Ear Canal ; pathology ; Ear Neoplasms ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged

ObjectiveToinvestigatetheinflammatoryresponseandapoptosisof peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs) and their regulation by triptolide(TP) in IgA nephropathy(IgAN) patients.MethodsBlood samples were collected from 29 IgAN patients and 16 healthy individuals.TNF-α and IL-6 concentrations were measured by ELISA and NO concentration by Griess reagent in the plasma of samples.PBMCs were isolated from IgAN patients and cultured in vitro,and subsequently activated by PHA(10 mg/L).The cytotoxicity of different TP concentrations was assayed by MTT and two non-toxic concentrations (12.5 μg/L or 25.0 μg/L)were selected for treatment.TNF-α,IL-6 and NO concentrations were measured in the culture media collected from PBMCs cultures activated by PHA (10 mg/L) and treated with TP (12.5 μg/L or 25.0 μg/L).The PHA-activated,TP-treated cells apoptotic rate was analyzed by FACS using Annexin V-FITC staining.The expression of Bcl-2,Bax,caspase-9 and caspase-3 were detected by RT-PCR and Western blotting from lyses of PHA-activated with or without TP-treated cells.ResultsThe serum concentrations of TNF-α[(131.57±50.61) ng/L vs(30.24±18.93) ng/L,P＜0.01],IL-6[(76.36±25.21) ng/L vs(35.08±16.59) ng/L,P＜0.01] and NO[(46.36±12.93) μmol/Lvs (26.61 ±10.87) μmol/L,P＜0.01] were significantly increased in IgAN patients compared to healthy individuals.PBMCs viability in culture decreased after TP treatment in a dose-dependent manner.TP also inhibited TNF-α,IL-6 and NO levels in the media of PHA-activated PBMCs in culture and induced PBMCs apoptosis.The expression of Bcl-2 decreased markedly and Bax,caspase-9 and caspase-3 increased significantly after TP treatment (all P＜0.05).Conclusions The PBMCs from IgAN patients are in a highly activated state,and have a high apoptotic rate.TP treatment induces benificial effects in IgAN patients by inhibiting the activation of PBMCs by activating pro-apoptotic pathway.

Cannula ; Catheters ; Drainage ; Duodenal Diseases ; Humans ; Intestinal Fistula/surgery*

Six flavonol glycosides were isolated and calibrated from Ginkgo biloba extract, and then used to calibrate the content in 2 baiches of G. biloba reference extract, so was rutin. RSD values of rutin, kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside, kaempferol-3-O-rhamnoside-2-glu- coside, quercetin-3-O-rhamnop-yranosyl-2-O-(6-O-p-coumaroyl)-glucoside, kaempferol-3-O-rhamnopyranosyl-2-O-(6-O-p-coum-aroyl) - glucoside were around 1.1%-4.6%, nevertheless, RSD values of quercetin-3-O-glucoside and isorhamnetin-3-O-rutinoside were more than 5%. According to the results, the reference extract of G. biloba can be used as the substitute to determine rutin, kaempferol-3-O- rutinoside, kaempferol-3-O-rhamnoside-2-glucoside, quercetin-3-O-rhamnopyranosyl-2-O-(6-O-p-coumaroyl)-glucoside and kaempferol-3-0-rhamnopyranosyl-2-O-(6-O-p-coumaroyl)-glucoside instead of corresponding reference substances. So reference extract in place of single component reference in assay is feasible.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Flavonols ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Ginkgo biloba ; chemistry ; Glucosides ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Molecular Structure ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization

Objective To extract the loci of murine MHC gene and construct plasmids.Methods The RNA of mice was extracted and reversely transcribed into cDNA.By using nested PCR,the products were connected with T vector,cloned,and sequenced.Subsequently,the genes were digested by endonucleases,connected with expression vector,and sequenced again to choose the correct clones.Results After the nested PCR,the products were approved by sequencing.After being connected with the vectors,they were approved again by sequencing and the correct clones were chosen.Conclusion All of the loci of the MHC gene can be obtained by nested PCR.The plasmids from the correct clone can be used in the further experiments of transferring the gene to mitigate the transplantation rejection.

Objective To understand the dietary nutrients among rural stranded children.Methods 2551 children aged 2 to 7, including 1278 stranded children in the rural areas and another 1273 children served as controls were selected, using multistage stratified cluster random sampling. Dietary survey was performed with three-day weighing dietary method and questionnaire on food intake. Data on diet were analyzed and evaluated by the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) recommend by Chinese Nutrition Society, to evaluate the levels on energy and nutrient intake among stranded children in the rural areas. Results The dietary pattern among rural stranded children mainly consisted of grains and vegetables, but the intakes of animal products, fruits, and snacks were significantly less than in the control group. The intakes of three major energy-producing nutrients were below the recommend nutrient intake. Minerals as calcium, zinc, selenium, kalium and vitamins as vitamin A, B1, B2were insufficient.Most of the rural stranded children took nutrients insufficiently, with 50% lack of adequate energy and 80% of protein, 90% of minerals (calcium, zinc etc.) and vitamins (vitamin B1 and vitamin B2 etc.).Sources from high quality protein was insufficient, only consisting 35% of the total protein, but overabundant (over 64 % ) from the plants. The intake of plant-sourced iron was overabundant, accounted for 87%. Conclusion The dietary pattern was unsatisfactory with insufficient intake of energy-sourced proteins and some nutrients. The sources of energy, protein, and iron were mostly obtained from underbalaneed foods. It is necessary to improve the dietary nutrients status among rural stranded children aged 2-7 years.

Objective To explore knowledge, attitude, practice (KAP) and related determinants on nutrition among caregivers of those rural stranded children under 7 years of age in China and to provide evidence for setting up relevant health education program. Methods 1691 caregivers of the stranded children randomly selected were surveyed by a standard questionnaire. Logistic regression models were used to screen the determinants on KAP regarding nutrition. Results Rates on awareness, positive attitude and approprite behavior were lower in caregivers of children whose parents both left (47.8%, 55.4%, 41.8%, respectively) the countryside, when compared with those only one parent was away from home (59.9%, 59.5%, 38.0%, respectively). Data from multivariable logistic regression models showed that caregivers' KAP on nutrition was related to age, educational background, average family income, and willingness on the job as well as the age of the child. Conclusion Improving caregivers' KAP on nutrition and setting up appropriate health education program were in urgent need.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the difference in the CD4+T lymphocytes activation between long term non progressors (LTNP) and typical progressors (TP) of HIV-1 infected patients.

METHODSTwenty-four HIV-1 infected patients and 15 heathy control adults were tested and flow cytometry was used to detect the activation marker CD38 and CD4 count in blood samples taken from the patients and control. bDNA method was used to test the virus load in the plasma of patients.

RESULTSThe activation of CD4+T cells was positively correlated with virus load and negatively correlated with CD4 counts. Compared with normal controls, the activation of CD4+T cells was obviously increased in TP patients but not obviously changed in LTNP patients.

CONCLUSIONCompared with healthy controls, the activation of CD4+T cells in LTNP did not obviously increase. This maybe partially accounts for LTNP patients keeping a good state for a long time.

ADP-ribosyl Cyclase 1 ; analysis ; Adult ; CD4 Lymphocyte Count ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes ; cytology ; immunology ; Female ; Flow Cytometry ; HIV Infections ; blood ; immunology ; virology ; HIV-1 ; genetics ; physiology ; Host-Pathogen Interactions ; Humans ; Lymphocyte Activation ; immunology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; RNA, Viral ; blood ; Time Factors ; Viral Load ; Young Adult

A new UPLC method was developed for the simultaneous determination of eleven characteristic flavonoid glycosides in Ginkgo biloba leaves. The natural occurrence of flavonoid glycosides in Ginkgo biloba leaves within one vegetative season was investigated for the first time. The analysis was performed on an Agilent ZORBAX Eclipse Plus C18 column (50 mm x 4.6 mm, 1.8 microm), the mobile phase A was acetonitrile, the mobile phase B was 0.4% phosphate aqueous solution in a gradient elution at a flow rate of 0.6 mL x min(-1), the detection was carried out at 360 nm. The result showed that eleven flavonoid glycosides had good linearity with good average recovery, separately. The method was proved to be accurate, rapid and good reproducible for the quality evaluation of Ginkgo biloba leaves, and provide an easy and rapid means for the quantitative analysis of flavonoid glycosides and their content fluctuation with seasons.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; chemistry ; Flavonoids ; analysis ; chemistry ; Ginkgo biloba ; chemistry ; Glycosides ; analysis ; chemistry ; Molecular Structure ; Plant Leaves ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Quality Control ; Reproducibility of Results ; Seasons