Objective To evaluate three internal fixation methods in treatment of type C3 fractures of distal humerus.Methods From February 2002 to January 2005,73 cases of humeral intercondylar fractures were treated with single plating (Group A,21 cases),Y-shape plating (Group B,33 eases) and dual plating (Group C,19 cases).According to the AO/ASIF classification,73 cases belonged to type C3.The posterior midline incision and the approach of liguliform flap of musculus triceps brachii were used for all the cases.The recorded clinical data were reviewed to analyze effects of internal fixation methods,functions of the elbow and the complications.Results All the cases were followed up.The follow-ups ranged from 12 to 36 months,with an average of 22.3 months.By the end of the twelfth month,according to the Jupiter scoring system,the elhow function was excellent and good in 57.1% of cases in Group A,81.8% in Group B and 89.5% in Group C,the difference between Gronp A and Groups B and C being statistically significant(P＜0.05).Meanwhile,according to Sodergard's criteria for failure of internal fixation system for intercondylar fracture of humerus,the failure rate was 33.3% in Group A,15,2% in Group B and 5.3% in Group C.The loosening or breakage rate in Group C was significantly lower than in Groups A and B (P＜0.05),and that in Group B was obviously lower than in Group A (P＜0.05).No incision necrosis or deep infection occurred.Conclusions The type C3 fractures of distal humerus should not he treated with single plating,because the functional outcome of elbow joint is poor,and the rate of loosening or breakage of internal fixation is higher than other fixation methods.Y-shape plating and dual plating are good for them,but Y-shape plating is not good for severe intercondytar comminnted fractures of the humerus,because its peculiar shape tends to lead to a higher rate of loosening.

Objective To study the correlation between micrometastasis and human manmmaglobin mRNA(hMAM-mRNA)in tlle peripheral blood of the patients with breast cancer.Methods Peripheral blood samples were obtained from 92 patients with breast carcinoma,and 20 patients were with benign breast diseases,and 10 patients with other system malignant tumor,and 10 normal healthy volunteers.To identify breast carcinoma cells in periphersl blood,hMAM-mRNA Was amplified from total RNA extracted from whole blood by nested reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(Nested-RT-PCR).The expression of hMAM-mRNA wag contracted to MCF-7 breast cancer cell.Results The hMAM-mRNA wag only detectable in the blood from breast disease patients.Among 92 breast carcinoma patients,40 were nested-RT-PCR positive for hMAM-mRNA.The positive rate was 43.5%(40/92).The expression of hMAM-mRNA in pe-ripheral blood was not correlated with patient's estrogen or pregnant receptor;menstruation state;primarytumour size.The expression of hMAM-mRNA in peripheral blood wag correlated with patient's age:the state of c-erbB-2 and carcino embryonic antigen and carbohydrate antigen 15-3.Conclusion The hMAM-mRNA in peripheral blood may be indicator of the micmmetastasis of breast cancer.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic, relapsing, inflammatory dermatosis with a variety of clinical manifestations and difficult to cure. Currently, many AD drug candidates have entered the research and development pipeline. In order to provide technical specifications for the clinical development of AD drugs, the Center for Drug Evaluation of National Medical Products Administration released the "Technical Guidelines for Clinical Trials of Drugs for AD Treatment" (Draft for Comments) in November 2022. Non-clinical pharmacodynamics evaluation is an important research before the drug enters clinical trials. Oxazolone (OXA)- and 2,4-dinitro-fluorobenzene (DNFB)-induced models are the most popular classical hapten-induced AD murine models, but variations of modeling are existing in the methods from different studies, including sensitization sites, haptens' dosages, the period of challenges, and the skin lesions severity evaluation as well. In this study, the investigation of OXA- and DNFB-induced AD murine models with various conditions of modeling was performed to compare the characteristics of hapten-induced AD murine models in the pathological process and severity according to the appearance of AD patients, and the guidance of pharmacodynamics evaluation of AD-therapeutic drugs in clinical trials as well, which may provide a proposal for AD treatment drug candidates in the non-clinical pharmacodynamics evaluation. All animal experiments were approved by the Animal Care & Welfare Committee of Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College (approval No.: 00007782 and 00007784).

OBJECTIVETo explore the relationship of bone cement distribution and the puncture angle in the treatment of thoracolumbar compression fractures with unilateral percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP).

METHODSThe clinical data of 37 patients with thoracolumbar osteoporotic compression fractures underwent PKP between January 2013 to March 2014 were retrospectively analyzed, all punctures were performed unilaterally. There were 6 males, aged from 65 to 78 years old with an average of (71.83 ± 6.15) years; and 31 females, aged from 57 to 89 years old with an average of (71.06 ± 7.89) years. Imaging data were analyzed and puncture angle and puncture point were measured before operation. According to the measured data, the puncture were performeds during the operation. Distribution area of bone cement were calculated by X-rays data after operation. The effect of bone cement distribution on suitable puncture angle was analyzed; VAS score was used to evaluate the clinical effects.

RESULTSThe puncture angle of thoracic vertebrae in T8-T12 was from 28° to 33° with an average 30.4°; and the puncture angle of lumbar vertebrae in L1-L5 was from 28° to 35° with an average of 31.3°. Postoperative X-rays showed the area ratios of bilateral bone cement was 0.97 ± 0.15. Bilateral diffuse area were basic equal. Postoperative VAS score decreased significantly (1.89 ± 1.29 vs 7.03 ± 1.42).

CONCLUSIONThrough measure imaging data before operation with PKP,the puncture point and entry point can be confirmed. According the measured data to puncture during operation, unilateral puncture can reach the distribution effect of the bilateral puncture in the treatment of thoracolumbar compression fractures.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Bone Cements ; Female ; Fractures, Compression ; surgery ; Humans ; Kyphoplasty ; methods ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; injuries ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Spinal Fractures ; surgery ; Spinal Puncture ; methods ; Thoracic Vertebrae ; injuries ; surgery

Objective To observe the curative effect of pure 1 25 I treatment to non-small cell lung cancer combined obstructive pneumonia.Methods 28 cases with non-small cell lung cancer combined obstructive pneumonia were enrolled.Treatment planning system was used to calculate the dosage of tumor and make up the therapeutic plan.CT-guided radiation treatment of particle im-plantation was then conducted.Follow-up was done to evaluate the curative effect one to two months after treatment.Results The total effective rate of therapeutic evaluation was 89.3%.Clinical symptoms including chest distress,hard breathing and fever were ameliorated remarkedly.Life quality score of appetite and fatigue was also improved.White blood cell reduced significantly in blood routine examination.Conclusion There is a definite curative effect of pure 1 25 I treatment to non-small cell lung cancer combined ob-structive pneumonia.

Objective To detect the serum levels of IL-6 and CRP in patients with acute type A aortic dissection complicated with pulmonary injury and inflammatory response. Methods From January 2007 Month to February 2016,216 patients with acute type A aortic dissection were admitted to our hospital. Among them,there were 120 male and 96 female patients,with a mean age of 52.1 years. All patients underwent cardiac ultrasound and other imaging studies. They were diagnosed and hospitalized immediately after the onset. Treatment lasted for more than 1 week. In a calm state of oxygen ,oxygenation index ≤200 preoperative lung injury is defined as positive. In this study ,according to the definition of the lung injury ,patients were divided into positive and negative lung injury groups. There were 72 positive and 144 negative cases among 216 patients. All patients were hospitalized. Every 4 hours,arterial oxygenation index is calculated. At the same time blood samples were tested for C-reactive protein(CRP)and interleukin-6(IL-6)levels. Data was analyzes by SPSS20.0 statistical software and counted byχ2 test. The results were plotted as the percentage,the measurement data with the t test,with(x ± s) to represent,evaluate serum levels of CRP and IL-6 levels with acute type A aortic dissection complicated by the relationship between lung injury. Results The differences of patients from two lung injury groups in gender,age, smoking,alcohol consumption,and other aspects of common chronic diseases were not significant(P>0.05);the difference between the pre-operative examination of several experimental studies in echocardiography were also no statistically significant(P > 0.05);two groups of patients,serum CRP positive group lung injury peak level and peak IL-6 levels were significantly higher in patients with acute lung injury negative group (P > 0.05). Further study of lung serum CRP in patients with damage to the relationship between IL-6 levels and oxygenation index found after dissection. Patient's oxygenation index decreased ,and serum C-reactive protein and interleukin-6 levels were rising rapidly ,reaching peak levels ,and then ,with the patients with inflammatory response decreased oxygenation index showed an upward trend. Conclusion Inflammatory reaction in acute type A aortic dissection plays a key role in the lung injury. In result ,patients'sicken time is prolonged ,which was closely related to serum C reactive protein(CRP),interleukin 6 levels and hypoxemia. Active anti-inflammation treatment before surgery may improve the patient's oxygenation status.

Objective To evaluate the short-term curative effect and the safety of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) therapy by using microspheres and lipiodol for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Methods A total of 87 patients with pathologically proved HCC were randomly divided into the study group (n=44,using embospheres of 100-300 μm in diameter together with lipiodol) and the control group (n=43,using gelfoam particles of 350-560 μm in diameter together with lipiodol).Postopertaive biochemical (liver function and AFP) findings and imaging (CT and/or MRI) manifestations were recorded,and the clinical efficacy and adverse reactions were analyzed.Results TACE was performed in all 87 patients.After the treatment,both the disease benefit rate and the postoperative reduction in AFP level in the study group were remarkably better than those in the control group (P＜0.05),but postoperative liver function indexes were not significantly different from the preoperative ones (P＞0.05).The average number of interventional therapy within the follow-up period of 6 months in the study group was smaller than that in the control group (P＜0.05).No statistically significant differences in 6-,12-and 18-month survival rates existed between the two groups (P＞0.05).Conclusion In treating HCC,TACE by combination use of microspheres and lipiodol is safe,its short-term curative effect is more obvious than TACE by combination use of gelfoam particles and lipiodol,and it can reduce the times of interventional procedure.Before TACE,careful planning of the pre-treatment of hepatic artery-portal vein fistula and the superselective catheterization with micro catheter should be taken into consideration.

Objective To establish an eukaryotic vector of monkey B virus glycoprotein D gene and analyze the expression of gD gene in human embryonic kidney 293T cells.Method First, the protein of monkey B virus glycoprotein D was obtained by gene synthesis.The gene fragments were digested with Pst I and Not I, and ligated to pEGPF-N3. Then, the recombinant plasmid pEGPF-N3-GD was transfected into 293T cells.The expression of gD protein in the cells was detected by Western blot, and the expression localization was investigated using laser scanning confocal microscopy. Results The recombinant plasmid pEGPF-N3 carrying gD gene was successfully constructed, and normally expressed in the 293T cells.Conclusions Glycoprotein D of monkey B virus is expressed successfully in the 293T cells and the protein is located on the cell surface.It may be useful for the preparation of specific recombinant antigen to the glycoprotein D of monkey B virus on cell surface, and can be also used for preparation of antigen slide for detection of monkey B virus.

Objective To conduct a morphologic and anatomic study on nasal cartilages (including nasal alar cartilage, nasal septal cartilage and upper lateral cartilage) in Chinese, and to compare measured parameters with the other races. Methods 20 adult embalmed cadavers were dissected, 40 nasal alar cartilages, 20 nasal septal cartilages and 40 upper lateral cartilages were collected and scanned by CT, and three-dimensional images were reconstructed. As Zelnik' and Ofodile's work, the data of the images were collected. Results The distances from the nostril rim to the caudal boarder of the lateral crus in the series were (4. 54 ±0. 59) mm anteriorly, (5. 54±0. 69) mm in the middle, and (10. 45± 1. 15) mm posteriorly. The length of the lateral crus was (18. 51 ±1. 63) mm, the width was (7. 99±1. 66) mm, and the thickness was (0. 49±1. 28) mm. Conclusion The Caucasian nasal cartilages are the biggest in all races, and the other's were approximately same.

AIM: To explore the long-term efficacy of Q-factor guided laser epithelial keratomleusis ( LASEK ) for myopia and astigmatism with positive Q-factor.
METHODS: There were 158 eyes which were myopia and astigmatism with positive Q- factor taken in two groups randomly: 86 eyes accepted Q - factor guided LASEK as observation group and 72 eyes accepted routine LASEK as control group. The difference between the two groups about all data was similar. The uncorrected visual acuity ( UCVA ) and the best corrected visual acuity ( BCVA ) as well as diopter, ocular tension, corneal topography, Keratometry value K, aspherical factor Q, Higher-order aberrations ( HOA ) , corneal thickness by ultrasound and, contrast sensitivity ( CS ) , Haze were examined and compared before and after surgery. All the cased were followed up for 14d, 1, 3, 6, 12mo. And there were no statistical difference among the data before surgery.
RESULTS: After 12mo there were no statistical difference between the two groups about UCVA and BCVA. But the safety index of observation group was 1.10, that of control group was 1. 07. The validity index of observation group was 1. 06, that of control group was 0.99. The HOA of observation group was 0. 45±0. 17μm, and that of control group was 0. 72±0.25μm, there was statistically significant difference (t=-8. 193,P=0. 000). Q factor of observation group was 0. 41±0. 17, that of control group was 0. 77±0. 22, there was significant difference (t=11. 377,P = 0. 028). The contrast sensitivity of 3mo post surgery of patients in the observation group returned to the level of before surgery. But in the control group the contrast sensitivity of the patients did not returned until 6mo.
CONCLUSION:Q-factor guided LASEK for myopia and astigmatism with positive Q-factor is stable, safe and effective. The operation allow for reducing the high order aberrations, maintaining the most asphericity of cornea, saving more in corneal tissue, which cause faster recovery of contrast sensitivity, less haze and better visual quality.