OBJECTIVE:To prepare paeonol-HP-β-cyclodextrin (PAE-HP-β-CD) inclusion compound and to optimize its pre-scription technology. METHODS:PAE-HP-β-CD was prepared by freeze drying method and validated. Using inclusion rate as in-dex,main drug-accessory ratio,inclusion time,inclusion temperature and stirring speed as factors,the preparation technology was optimized by central composite design-response surface methodology. RESULTS:Prepared PAE-HP-β-CD underwent phase transfor-mation. The optimal inclusion technology was as follows as main drug-accessory ratio of 3.39∶1,inclusion temperature of 50 ℃, inclusion time of 3.2 h, stirring speed of 350 r/min. Relative error between measured value (87.46%) and predicted value (89.12%) of inclusion rate was 1.86%(n=6). CONCLUSIONS:PAE-HP-β-CD inclusion compound is prepared successfully, and its prescription technology is stable and feasible.

Objective:To elucidate the possible role of galanin in the development of experimental depression in rats. Methods:Openfield was performed to test the behavior of rats. The changes of the galanin level in different brain areas were determined by RIA. The effect of fluoxetine hydrochloride on galanin level were observed by intraperitoneal injection. Results:Compared to control group, the crossing times and rearing times decreased significantly in depressed rats, galanin level decreased remarkably in plasma, hypothalamus, hippocampus, forebrain, parietal lobe and temporal cortex of depressed rats. Intraperitoneal injection of fluoxetine hydrochloride obviously improved the depressed behavior in rats, increased the galanin level in the hippocampus and forebrain of depressed rats. Conclusion:Hippocampus and forebrain may be involved in the development of experimental depression and in the antidepressive effects of fluoxetine hydrochloride.

Objective To investigate the secretory capacity and apoptosis of interleukin ( IL)-21 induced normal B cells by co-culture with serum from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods Serum from twenty new-onset SLE patients and 20 healthy donors were collected .CD1+9 B cells from the normal controls were co-cultured with serum from SLE patients in the presence or absence of IL-21-R-FC(4 μg/ml).Supernatant IgG and IgM concentration were measured by immunoturbidimetric assay on day 5.Supernatant anti-dsDNA level was determined by ELISA .The percentage of apoptotic cells was detected by flow cytometer.Results IgG,IgM and anti-dsDNA levels in normal B cells with SLE serum were significantly higher than those in the serum of SLE patients alone [ ( 5.84 ±1.79 ) g/L vs ( 4.25 ± 1.48)g/L,P=0.000;(0.46 ±0.21)g/L vs (0.43 ±0.21)g/L,P=0.003;(127.76 ±70.24)IU/ml vs (115.15 ±63.88) IU/ml,P=0.014 respectively].However, no significant differences were found in the group of normal B cells with non-homologous serum from normal controls (P>0.05).Supernatant IgG, IgM and anti-dsDNA levels in normal B cells with SLE serum significantly decreased while IL-21R-fusion protein was added [(5.26 ±1.62)g/L vs (5.84 ±1.79)g/L, P=0.006;(0.42 ±0.20)g/L vs (0.46 ±0.21)g/L, P=0.002;( 118.00 ±69.62 ) IU/ml vs ( 127.76 ±70.24 ) IU/ml, P =0.012 respectively ] .The apoptotic rate of B cells with SLE serum was significantly higher than that with normal serum [ ( 47.88 ± 12.65)%vs (38.86 ±10.32)%,P =0.004].But adding IL-21R-fusion conversed the apoptotic rates [(42.08 ±12.52)%vs (47.88 ±12.65)%,P=0.001].Conclusions SLE serum could induce normal B cells to form immunoglobulin secreting cells and producing autoantibodies , or apoptosis in pathological conditions.IL-21 might be considered as a potential therapeutic target of SLE .

OBJECTIVETo evaluate clinical application and clinical outcomes of free flap pedicled with supracarpal cutaneous branch of ulnar artery in repairing of finger replantation with skin defect.

METHODSFrom April 2007 to March 2013,25 patients affected by finger amputation with skin defect were replanted and repaired by free flap pedicled with supracarpal cutaneous branch of ulnar artery. Among them, 18 patients were male and 7 were female,with an average age of 31.5 years old (ranged 16 to 58). The time of trauma to admission ranged from 45 to 210 min (averaged 105). Fifteen patients were complete separted, and 10 patients were non-complete separated. The area of flaps ranged from 3.5 cm x 2.0 cm to 4.5 cm x 3.0 cm, and the vessels were anastomosed through end-to-end. The functional evaluation standard of finger replantation was used to evaluate the postoperative function.

RESULTSTwenty-four cases were finally survived. Two flaps occurred vascular crisisin within 48 h after operation, one of which was survived after anti-vasospasm treatment and changing dressing,another was replanted finger for failed to survive. One had infection and healed after changing dressing. Twenty-four cases were followed up from 3 to 38 months with an average of 16.5 months. The appearance and texture of flaps were satisfactory, and the superficial senses of pain and touch were recovered,and two-point discrimination was 5.5 to 11 mm (averaged 7.4 mm). According to functional evaluation standard finger replantationissued by Hand Surgery Association of Chinese Medical Association, 8 cases got excellent results, 14 good and 2 poor.

CONCLUSIONThe free flap pedicled with supracarpal cutaneous branch of ulnar artery can be used in complex finger replantation with skin and vessels defect, which can extend operation indications, recover function and appearance for maximum.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Finger Injuries ; surgery ; Fingers ; blood supply ; embryology ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; Replantation ; Surgical Flaps ; Treatment Outcome ; Ulnar Artery ; injuries ; surgery ; Young Adult

Objective To understand college students on-site first aid training demand situation in Chongqing ,in order to provide the basis for college students to carry out on-site first aid training .Methods Using stratified random sampling method ,a question-naire survey was conducted on 1 232 students of 6 university in Chongqing .Results 90 .9% of the students hoped that they could master the on-site first-aid knowledge and skills ,students of different genders had significant differences on learning attitude of field first aid knowledge(P<0 .05) .The on-site first-aid knowledge among college students in Chongqing city most wanted to know was thetrauma emergency stop(74 .8% ) ,the most loving way of learning was to the hospital or emergency center study tour(47 .7% ) ,The love of on-site first aid training and learning style were theory teaching+watch video teaching or teacher demon-stration+classroom practice (63 .6% ) ,The operation way of learning the most love was teacher ,all the students into groups of two ,mutual operation practice(65 .9% ) ,and in both gender and specialty had significant differences(P<0 .05) .The survey of col-lege students in Chongqing city training status display results ,43 .5% of the students never received on-site first aid training .In ad-dition ,college students receive on-site first aid training frequencies were low ,48 .6% students in more than 2 years received 1 ses-sions of training .while the rescue confidence survey of college students after the on-site first aid training ,only 13 .1% of the students“completely had the confidence to do” .Conclusion College students in Chongqing have strong desire to learn on-site first aid training ,and there are differences in gender and major on demand ,past state of first aid training is poor ,in urgent need of the relevant departments give attention ,and formulate the on-site first aid training programs to improve college students′competence .

Objective:To stablish of chemiluminescent Southern blot detection system for examining HBV DNA replication intermediates in HepG2.2.15,and analyse the inhibition of HBV replication with three kind of drugs with different targets.Methods:The HBV DNA replication intermediates were extracted and analyzed by Southern blot with HBV probe,which(pTHBV1047) was labelling with digoxigenin.The results of the hybridization were detected by chemiluminescent,and the condition of hybridization was optimized.After treated with lamivudine,Bay41-4109,?-Galcer in different concentration,the HBV DNA from the HepG2215 cells were detected with the system.Results:the sensitivity of the system was 1pg of pTHBV1047,and HBV specific positive signals was detected with the DNA from HepG2.2.15.The three kinds of drugs can inhibit the HBV replication obviously with chemiluminescent Southern blot detection system,the IC50 were 1.53?mol/L,0.41?mol/L,0.01?mol/L.Conclusion:The HBV replication intermediates from the cell of HepG2.2.15 can reflect the antiviral effect accurately with different targets drugs and this mothod would be used in the study of Chinese-midicine.

OBJECTIVETo investigate and compare the clinical significance of (18)F-FDG single-photon emission computed tomography and computed tomography (SPECT-CT) in the diagnosis and staging of lung cancer.

METHODSFrom July 2005 to July 2007, 71 patients with suspected lung cancer received conventional CT and SPECT-CT examination. Fifty-seven of the 71 patients had definite pathological or cytological diagnosis, consisting of 52 malignant lung tumors and 5 benign pulmonary nodules. Forty-three patients underwent surgical resection with different modes. Thirty-seven of the 43 surgically treated patients had available complete data of CT, SPECT-CT and pathological results.

RESULTSTaking the pathological diagnosis as gold standard, the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of diagnosing pulmonary lesions suspected as lung cancer were 84.6% (44/52), 80.0% (4/5), 84.2% (48/57) for conventional CT and 92.3% (48/52), 80.0% (4/5), 91.2% (52/57) for SPECT-CT, respectively. If taking the pathological TNM staging results as gold standard, the concordance rates of TNM staging with pathological TNM staging results was 59.5% (22/37) for CT and 67.6% (25/37) for SPECT-CT. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of staging hilar and mediastinal lymph nodes were 76.9%, 79.2%, 78.4%, 66.6%, 86.4% for conventional CT versus 61.5%, 75.0%, 70.3%, 57.1%, 78.3% for SPECT-CT (P > 0.05), respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between conventional CT and SPECT-CT in the accuracy of diagnosing and staging for the suspected pulmonary lesions (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSPECT-CT is likely superior to conventional CT in the diagnosing and staging for lung cancer. It can be used as a non-invasive supplementary tool for differential diagnosis between malignant and benign pulmonary lesions and in diagnosis of lymph node > 1 cm in diameter.

Adenocarcinoma ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Female ; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; Radiopharmaceuticals ; Small Cell Lung Carcinoma ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon ; methods ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Computer Graphics ; Computer-Assisted Instruction ; Forensic Pathology ; Humans ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Pathology ; education ; Pathology, Clinical ; Specimen Handling ; methods

OBJECTIVETo study the change in ultrastructure of C6 glioma cells after photodynamic therapy (PDT), to compare morphological differences in necrosis and apoptosis before and after PDT treatment, and to evaluate the effect of photodynamic therapy on the blood brain tumor barrier (BTB) of C6 glioma.

METHODSThe model was produced by transplanting C6 glioma cells cultured in vitro using Peterson method into the caudate nuclei of Wister rats. The experiment group received PDT for two weeks after the operation. The sub-cellular structure, blood-brain-barrier (BBB) and BTB in both groups were observed under electron microscope.

RESULTSApoptosis in different phases and necrosis could be observed in some C6 glioma cells. Swelling occurred on the ultrastructure of cellular organs such as mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum in most of the cells. Damage to the BTB, reduction of the number of cellular organs in endothelial cells of the capillary blood vessels, stretch of the tight junction, and enlargement of the gaps between endothelial cells were also seen in the experiment group. Meanwhile, limited impact on the normal sub-cellular structures and BBB was observed.

CONCLUSIONPDT could induce apoptosis and necrosis of C6 glioma cells due to the damage to the ultrastructure of mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum. The weakened function of C6 glioma BTB initiated by PDT makes it possible to perform a combined therapy of PDT and chemotherapy for glioma.

Animals ; Blood-Brain Barrier ; Brain Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; ultrastructure ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Glioma ; drug therapy ; ultrastructure ; Photochemotherapy ; Rats

OBJECTIVETo build three-dimensional (3-D) visible model for surgical treatment of infection of fascial spaces of hand.

METHODSSerial thin cross-sections (0.2 mm) of hand were made by cryomicrotome, and the thin cross-sections of metacarpal parts were observed. A personal computer was employed to reconstruct 3-D model of metacarpal fascial space.

RESULTSThe shapes, locations and adjacent relations of the mid-palmar space, thenar space and metacarpal bones were displayed clearly from computerized 3-D model, which could be the cross-reference of the cross-sections expediently.

CONCLUSIONThe computerized 3-D reconstruction of metacarpal fascial spaces can provide some guidance for surgical treatment of infection and other diseases of metacarpal fascial spaces.

Anatomy, Cross-Sectional ; Hand ; anatomy & histology ; Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional