Objective To study the risk factors of periventricular-intraventricular hemorrhage (PIVH) in extremely low birth weight infants(ELBWI). Methods A retrospective study was performed in 41 ELBWI hospitalized between January 2001 and August 2008. Univariate analysis and Logistic regression analysis were performed to detect the risk factors of PIVH. Results Of 41ELBWI, twenty-three suffered from PIVH with the incidence of 56.1%. Univariate analysis revealed that,in PIVH group,gestational age,mean blood pressure and the minimum values of blood pressure were lower than non-PIVH group[ ( 27.1 ± 1.9 ) weeks vs ( 28. 7 ± 1.6) weeks, t = 2. 834, P ＜ 0. 05 ;(28.9±4.8) mm Hg vs (33.1±4.9) mm Hg, t=-2.747,P＜0. 05; (24.4±4.3) mm Hg vs (31.4 ± 6.6) mm Hg,t= -3. 863, P＜0. 05], while blood pressure fluctuation and the highest values of PaCO2 during the first week of life were higher[(19.0 ± 5.2) mm Hg vs (13.7 ± 4. 8) mm Hg;(60. 2± 19. 4) mm Hg vs (49.5±12.1) mm Hg] (t= 3. 310 and 2. 166, P＜0. 05), the incidence of administration of pulmonary surfactant, neonatal respiratory distress syndrome, shock, hypotension before 4 days of age, hyperglycemia and mechanical ventilation therapy were higher[73. 9 % (17/23) vs 27. 8%(5/18), 60. 9%(14/23) vs 27.8%(5/18),52. 2%(12/23) vs 5.5%(1/18),73. 9%(17/23) vs 33.3%(6/18) ,78. 3%(18/23) vs 44. 5%(8/18),87. 0% (20/23) vs 44. 5% (8/18)]( all P＜0.05).Multivariate Logistic analysis revealed that blood pressure fluctuation (OR = 1. 260, 95% CI: 1. 009-1. 572, P = 0. 041 ) and lowest mean blood pressure(OR = 0. 805,95 % CI: 0. 672-0. 965, P = 0. 019)were risk factors of PIVH. Among twenty-eight ELBWI received mechanical ventilation, only peakinspiratory pressure(OR=- 2. 086,95% CI: 1. 140-3. 819, P= 0. 017) was the risk factor of PIVH by Logistic analysis. Conclusions Low blood pressure and blood pressure fluctuation may be risk factors of PIVH in ELBWI. The high values of peak inspiratory pressure is a risk factor of ELBWI with mechanical ventilation.

Objective To learn the psychological needs of the hospital staff in terms of their life,medical care and psychological health.Methods 2910 hospital staff were interviewed with questionnaires and the outcomes analyzed with x2 test and descriptive analysis.Results 96.9％of the surveyed found themselves in need of psychological counseling; considerable consulting needs of the staff; most of them turn to friends to complain instead of their leaders.Conclusion The psychological counseling should be enhanced to build effective communication channels and ease stress of the staff.

Objective To study the protective effect of redix astragail on intestinal mucosa barrier in infant rabbits with intestinal ischemiareperfusion.Methods Twenty male infant rabbits were divided into 4 groups randomly:sham control group,intestinal ischemia reperfusion(IIR) group(model group),redix astragail group,control group.Redix astragail group and control group intraperitonerlly injected redix astragail 6 mg/(kg?d)or sodium chloride preoperative.Intestinal mucosa and blood plasma superoxide dismutase(SOD) activity,intestinal mucosa tissue degree of injury were observed in infant rabbits with IIR.Meanwhile,the effect of redix astragail on them was studied.Results After IIR,SOD activity in intestinal mucosa and blood plasma obviously decreased,and intestinal mucosa tissue morphous and intestinal mucosa barrier lesion were progressively aggravated.Redix astragail might increase blood plasma and intestinal tissue SDD activity significantly.Conclusion Redix astragail plays an important role in protecting intestinal mucosa barrier in infant rabbits with IIR.

Objective To explore the pathological basis and clinical characteristics of children with congenital choledochal cyst(CCC) combined with liver damage.Methods According to the age,38 patients with CCC were divided into 2 groups:group A had 24 cases(ranged 6 months to 3 years old);group B had 14 cases(ranged 4 to 14 years old).A comparative analysis of them was conducted retrospectively in the clinical characteristics,hepatic pathological changes,perioperatively liver function and operation.Results Group A was obvious higher than group B in jaundice,white bole stool and abdominal mass,but group B was more in stomachache.Group A was obvious higher than group B in liver function lesion,alkaline phosphatase,bilirubin increase and blood coagulation disfunction(Pa

Background Optical nerve damage of glaucomatous eyes is associated with intracranial pressure.Conventional method of evaluating intracranial pressure is to measure cerebrospinal pressure by lumber puncture.However,the measurement of intraorbital optical nerve parameters,a novel method of evaluating intracranial pressure,is introduced in this field.Objective This study was to measure and analyze the intraorbital optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) and cross sectional area (ONSA) in normal population using multi-slice spiral CT.Methods This study protocol was approved by Clinical Ethic Committee of Shenzhen Chinese Traditional Medical Hospital and followed Hersinki Declaration.Informed consent was obtained from each individual prior to any medical examination.One hundred and five eyes of 105 normal persons with normal cerebral CT image were enrolled in Shenzhen Chinese Traditional Medical Hospital from January 2012 to September 2013.Cerebral volume was scanned in all the individuals by 64 slice spiral CT.The brain images were obtained for the curve planar rebuilding of intraorbital optical nerve on image post-processing workstation.The maximum and minimum of ONSD and the ONSA in axial sections at 3,6,9,12 and 15 mm far away from globe wall were measured using a standardized technique to analyze the change of optical nerve parameters at different point locations.These parameters were compared in different gender or eyes.The correlation among age and the optical nerve parameters at 3 mm far away from globe wall was evaluated by multivariate regression analysis.Results The average maximal ONSDs were (6.24±0.47), (5.56±0.44),(5.18±0.43),(4.82±0.41) and (4.69±0.41) mm;the average minimal ONSDs were (5.56±0.50),(4.97± 0.41) ,(4.55±0.35),(4.26±0.39) and (4.10±0.40) mm;the average ONSAs were (27.68±4.40),(22.02±3.35) , (18.74± 2.75) , (16.34±2.72) , (15.40±2.68) mm2 at 3,6,9,12 and 15 mm far away from posterior eyeball wall,respectively, showing significant differences in the maximal/minimal ONSDs and ONSAs among the different point locations (F =218.329,215.906,246.924, all at P =0.001).No significant differences were found in the maximal/minimal ONSDs and ONSAs between male and female or between the right eyes and left eyes (gender:t=1.805,P=0.074;t=1.930,P=0.056;t=1.329,P=0.187;eyes:t=0.724,P=0.471;t=1.562,P=0.121;t=1.424,P=0.158).No significant correlations were seen between age and maximal/minimal ONSDs or ONSAs with the coefficients of 1.873,7.415 and-0.853 correspondingly (P =0.847,0.460,0.637).Conclusions Intraorbital section of optical nerve can be rebuilt using standardized technique after scanning of 64 slice spiral CT.The cross section of intraorbital optic nerve sheath is oval in shape and the optic nerve is thinning with the increase of distance far away posterior eyeball wall in normal populatuion.

A batch laboratory test was conducted to examine the effect of biological reductive dechlorination of 2,4-Dichlorophenol(2,4-DCP) by the addition of zero-valent iron(Fe0) in the anaerobic system, through inoculating the anaerobic mixed microorganism acclimated for two months. Meanwhile, several factors that affected "Fe0+ microbe" system were also being discussed. The results showed that, "Fe0+ microbe" system accelerated the biological dechlorination of 2,4-DCP effectively compared to the individual use. The opti-mum quantity of added Fe0 and inoculation was 0.5 g/L and 376.2 mgVSS/L in the combined system respec-tively. It showed the most effective transformation efficiency for 2,4-DCP when initial pH=8.0, whereas it become weaker when initial pH are keeping in acid condition. There existed a proportion between quantity of added Fe0 and inoculation. It enhanced degradable effect of 2,4-dichlorophenol when increased the quan-tity of inoculation at suitable ranges, which generated more enzyme or enzymatic series degraded pollutant.

Arginine Deiminase(ADI) was purified to homogeneity using ammonium sulfate precipitation,Q-Sepharose Fast Flow anion exchange chromatography and SephadexG-75 gel filtration chromatography. This purification protocol resulted in a 34.5-fold purification of ADI with 31.4% final yield. A molecular weight of about 190 kD determined by native gradient polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The enzyme has only one kind of 46 kD subunit determined by SDS-PAGE. Combining the results from the two kinds of electrophoresis,the authors deduce that the enzyme may be a tetramer. The optimum pH and temperature for lipolytic activity of ADI was pH 6.5 and 50℃,respectively. It was extremely stable at 45℃ and retained 97.9% of its original activity for 30 min. The stability declined rapidly as soon as the temperature rose over 50℃. ADI was highly stable in the pH range from pH 5-8. ADI acted on L-arginine but not on D-arginine. ADI catabolism was dependent on metal ions. At their adequate concentration,Mn2+,Mg2+ and Co2+ were the effective promoter,while superfluous Zn2+and Co2+ inhibited ADI activity. L-citrulline did not act on ADI,but L-ornithine inhibited ADI activity. The degradation of L-arginine with ADI catalysis was according to simple Michaelis-Menten equation. The Michaelis constant was 3.2686 mmol/L and the maxi-mum velocity was 2.44 ?mol/min.

Objective To evaluate the value of MRI in diagnosing pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS). Methods MRI appearance of 23 pathologically proven cases of PVNS was analyzed. Results In 23 patients with PVNS, 9 cases occurred in knee joint, 9 cases in hip, 3 cases in ankle, 1 in elbow, and 1 in wrist. X ray of the 23 patients could only show the joint effusion, and bony erosion was found in 19 cases. CT scan showed joint effusion and bony erosion more clearly than X ray in 4 cases. The typical MRI appearance included intra articular joint effusion and extensive synovial proliferation which led to progressive destruction of cartilage and bone. The pigmented villonodules showed nodular low signal on both T 1WI and T 2WI, especially in FFE/T 2WI. Conclusion MRI is the most effective modality in the diagnosis of PVNS.

Objective To study the optimal enhancement phase and exact triggering scan time on spiral CT angiography of vertebral and carotid artery,and to improve the rate of 3D-CT display in vertebral and carotid artery.Methods One hundred and thirty-three cases of CT angiography of vertebral and carotid artery(87 vertebral and 46 carotid artery)were examined with SmartPrep software,which controled the scan at real time after 100 ml contrast medium(350 mg I/ml Omnipaque)were quickly injected through foot back vein.One hundred and thirteen cases of control group were examined by triggeing off the scanning with a delay time of 18—22 s after blous injection through foot back vein.The vertebral and carotid arteries were demonstrated with 3 dimensional reconstruction.Results The successful rate in SmartPrep group was 100% with the enhancement situated in best(n=130)or good(n=3)scanning phase.The threshold concentration values of target vessel were kept on 100 HU in the whole scan period[(18?4)s].However, the triggering time of enhancement scanning was not equal(15—43s)and the deviation was up to 28 s.The average concentration of target vessel was obviously higher in SmartPrep group[(161.4?2.0)HU]than in the control group[(133.3?2.2)HU](t=-9.456,P

Objective To investigate the cardiac protection of Hsp27 against endotoxic cardiac depression mediated by activation of PI3K/Akt pathway and the suppression of NFκB-mediated inflammatory response in mice. Method (1) Transgenic mice with cardiac specific overexpression of Hsp27 (Hsp27 Tg) and wild littermate controls (WT) were given 10 mg/kg LPS injected intraperitoneally to induce endotoxemia, (2) The cardiac function measurement in mice was performed by using echocardiography 6 hours after LPS treatment (n = 6), (3) The activity of PBK/Akt pathway was evaluated by Western blot for [hosphor-Akt (p-Akt) and phosphor-Gsk-3β (p-Gsk-3β) one hour after LPS administration ( n = 4)], (4) Activity of inflammatory response was evaluated by protein degradation of IκBα (n = 4), (5) The apoptosis of myocardial cells was determined by TUNEL assay on the paraffin section of cardiac tissue 24 hours after LPS exposure (n = 4). Results (1) Hsp27 attenuated cardiac dysfunction significantly following LPS treatment. Compared with the primary value, LPS induced the depression of cardiac function both in WT rats and Hsp27Tg rats. However, the cardiac dysfunction was attenuated significantly in Hsp27Tg rats compared with that in WT rats ( P < 0.01 or 0.05) . (2) Hsp27 attenuated IκBα degradation after LPS administration. Compared with the primary value, LPS led to LκBα degradation by (72.92 + 9.20) % in WT rats and by (41.43 + 24.10) % in Hsp27Tg rats. The overexpression of Hsp27 lessened the IκBα degradation significantly (P < 0.05). The similar results were obtained in rat myocardial cell culture of experiments. (3) Hsp27 enhanced the activation of PI3K/Akt signaling following LPS exposure. One hour after LPS administration, the relative levels of p-Akt and p-GSK-30 were (3.11 + 0.83) and (3.19 + 1.04), respectively in WT rats, and (5.13 + 0.73) and (5.71 + 1.20) in Hsp27Tg rats, respectively. Compared with WT rats, the levels of p-Akt and p-GSK-3β were significantly higher in Hsp27Tg rats (P < 0.05). (4) The Hsp27 lessened LPS-induced the apopto-sis of myocardial cells. Twenty-four hours after LPS treatment, the percentages of myocardial cell apoptosis were (6.46+ 1.74)% in WT rats and (2.88 + 0.91)% in Hsp27Tg rats. Compared with WT rats, LPS-induced apoptosis in myocardial cells was significantly decreased in Hsp27Tg rats (P < 0.01). Conclusions The overexpression ofHsp27 attenuates cardiac dysfunction significantly during endotoxemia, and the mechanisms may be attributed to the activation of PDK/Akt signaling pathway.