Background and purpose:Quality of life (QOL) questionnaires are tools to assess the quality of life of patients. How to choose a proper questionnaire is the fi rst problem of QOL assessment in clinic research. However, there is few report on it. Our current research compares the data obtained from two world-wide used QOL questionnaire of lung cancer patients EORTC QLQ-LC43 (European Organisation for the Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire-Lung Cancer43) and FACT-L (Functional Assessment of Cancer Treatment-Lung) by various statistic methods in order to show differences between the two questionnaires and to provide some suggestions for choosing questionnaires to assess patients’ QOL in clinic research. Methods:The clinic data were obtained from 125 lung cancer patients by two different international QOL questionnaires of lung cancer patients EORTC QLQ-LC43 and FACT-L, and analyzed by various statistic methods such as Pearson correlation analysis, canonical correlation analysis and multiple regression. In addition, we also compare the general modality such as the frame, item numbers and the contents of the subscales, etc. Results:Of the two QOL there are some parts similar in length, ranking type and time construction, even in items. They all contain items in measuring the physical domain, emotion domain, function domain, society domain and lung domain. Correlations between corresponding subscales of the FACT-L and the EORTC QLQ-LC43 are all signifi cant ranging from r=0.331 for the social domain to r=0.664 for the emotional domain. Canonical correlation analysis for the two sets of subscales revealed there are four signifi cant canonical variables (canonical correlation coeffi cient r=0.87 to 0.26 and overall redundancy about 41% ). The eight EORTC QLQ-LC43 subscales are well represented by the fi ve FACT-L subscales (multiple linear regression, R 2=0.531 to 0.766) and the fi ve FACT-L subscales (except relationship with doctors) are also well represented by EORTC QLQ- LC43 subscales (R 2=0.537 to 0.823). The proportion of the corresponding subscale in the total explanation is 50% to 90%. Conclusion:These two questionnaires cover some common parts, but they measure different contents of QOL. Though have the same name, some domains cann’t be compared directly. The two questionnaires cann’t be alternative and the results of them shouldn’t be compaired directly. Both questionnaires are suited for clinic study (e.g compare the effect of two different theropies). But each has its own characters and should be chosen according to reseach goals.

Target cells K562 were labeled using two different isotopes,~(51)Cr and ~(125)I-UdR,for detecting NK activity of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in normal subjects.The NK activity was higher in ~(51)Cr release assay in comparison with ~(125)I-UdR release assay. After six-hour incubation,the percentage release of ~(51)Cr was around 60% whereas that of ~(125)I-UdR was only 30% in 20 hours. ~(125)I-UdR release could be enhanced by trypsin treatment.

Objective To introduce the techniques and clinical application of coronary arterial calcification measurements by using the multi-slice CT (MSCT). Methods The recent literature on the coronary artery calcium scoring with MSCT were reviewed. The data acquisition, image reconstruction, quantification methods in assessment of calcium and usefulness of calcium scoring in coronary artery disease were investigated. Results MSCT with nearly isotropic volumetric imaging data, subsecond rotation and retrospective electrocardiographic gating could provide better input data for quantification of coronary arterial calcium volume. Conclusion MSCT allows more precise and repeated measurement of coronary arterial calcification with low interexamination variability.

876 women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) were collected from Sep 2004 to Oct 2006. Among them 800 patients with polycystic ovary ultrasound image belonged to group A; the other 76 women without polyeystic ovary ultrasound image belonged to group B. As compared with group A, group B showed significantly higher hirsutism scores, serum testosterone, cholesterol, and lower density lipoprotein. Significantly higher prevalences of diabetes mellitus and hypertension appeared in the first degree relatives in group B than in group A.

Objective To explore the effect of early rehabilitation on patients with hand-foot-mouth disease following acute flaccid paralysis. Methods 31 patients with hand-foot-mouth disease following acute flaccid paralysis were in isolation ward of Children's Hospital of Shanxi Province from Aug. 2009 to Oct. 2010. 21 cases of them were given early rehabilitation while 10 cases were divided into control group because their parents refused the rehabilitation intervention. The course was 4 months. Results In the rehabilitation group, 20 cases recovered,1 improved obviously. In the control group, only 1 improved, 9 had no effect. Conclusion Early rehabilitation can improve the motor function of children with hand-foot-mouth disease following acute flaccid paralysis.

Objeetive To investigate the risk of hemorrhagic transformation (HT) and the outcome as well as its influencing factors at 3 months after thrombolytic therapy in acute ischemic stroke patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF).Methods Consecutive acute ischemic stroke patients with NVAF were enrolled retrospectively.Their demography,vascular risk factors and other clinical data were collected.The modified Rankin Scale (mRS) was used to evaluate the outcome at 3 months after symptom onset.The mRS score ≤ 2 was defined as good outcome,and ＞ 2 was defined as poor outcome.Results A total of 119 acute ischemic stroke patients with NVAF were enrolled,including 63 males (52.9％) and 56 females (47.1％); their mean age was 72.1± 10.0; 45 (37.81％) were treated with recombinant tissue type plasminogen activator (rtPA),55 (46.2％) had a good outcome and 27 (22.7％) combined with HT.Compared with the poor outcome group,the mean age was younger in the good outcome group (P =0.028).The proportions of the patients with ischemic heart disease and the time from onset to treatment ＞ 4.5 h were lower (P ＜0.05).The baseline systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure,as well as the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score were lower (P ＜0.05),while the proportion of patients receiving intravenous thrombolysis with rtPA was higher (P =0.019).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the patients with ischemic heart disease (odds ratio [OR] 4.572,95％ confidence interval [CI] 1.392-15.014; P =0.012),systolic blood pressure before treatment (OR 1.028,95％ CI 1.007-1.049; P =0.009),baseline NIHSS score (OR 1.058,95％ CI 1.002-1.117; P =0.042) were the independent risk factors for poor outcome,while intravenous thrombolysis with rtPA (CI 0.264,95％ CI 0.102-0.683; P =0.006) was an independent protective factor for poor outcome.The proportions of the baseline systolic blood pressure,fasting blood glucose and NIHSS score,as well as the patients with a history of previous stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA) in the HT group were significantly higher than those in the non-HT group (all P ＜ 0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the baseline NIHSS score (OR 1.147,95％ CI 1.068-1.231; P＜0.001),baseline systolic blood pressure (OR 1.951,95％ CI 1.921-1.982; P =0.002),and blood glucose level (OR 1.191,95％ CI 1.095-1.294; P ＜ 0.001) were the independent risk factors for HT.Compared with the non-thrombolysis group,the mean age of the thrombolysis group was younger (P =0.021),the baseline systolic blood pressure,fasting glucose and NIHSS scores,as well as the proportions of patients with hyperlipidemia,previous stroke or TIA history,and using antihypertensive drugs before admission were higher (all P ＜ 0.05).The proportion of patients with ischemic heart disease were lower (P =0.035),but the proportion of the patients with a good outcome was higher (P =0.019).Conclusions Patients with ischemic heart disease,systolic blood pressure and higher baseline NIHSS score before treatment were the independent risk factors for poor outcome,while intravenous thrombolytic therapy with rtPA was an independent protective factor for poor outcome; the high baseline NIHSS score,baseline systolic blood pressure and glucose level were the independent risk factors for HT.For acute ischemic stroke patients with NVAF,such as no obvious contraindications for thrombolytic therapy,might benefit from intravenous thrombolytic therapy,and it could not increase the risk of HT,but the blood pressure and glucose level of the patients should be controlled appropriately.

ObjectiveTo examine the prognostic value of 99mTC-MIBI single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) in patients with suspected or diagnosed coronary artery disease (CAD).Methods116 patients with suspected or diagnosed CAD were examined with 99m TC-MIBI SPECT exercise and rest myocardial imagings, and followed by investigation of cardiac events.Results Follow-up information was complete in 106 patients. Over an average follow-up of 25±8 months, cardiac events occurred in 11 patients. Univariate analyses showed that age, old myocardial infarction, exercise peak heart rate, the change in heart rate from rest to exercise peak, exercise peak systolic blood pressure, the change in systolic blood pressure from rest to exercise peak, abnormal myocardial imaging, the number of myocardial perfusion defect and ischemic volume rate (IVR) were the effective predictors of subsequent cardiac events. Multivariate stepwise Logistic regression analyses revealed that the size of IVR was the only variable with independent predictive value for occurrence of subsequent cardiac events. IVR more than 25% was associated with a significantly increased frequency of subsequent cardiac events (relative risk ratio was 5.9, P<0.005). IVR less than 25% or even normal myocardial perfusion imaging was associated with a very low-risk of cardiac event and a very good prognosis.Conclusion 99mTC-MIBI SPECT myocardial imaging is the most effective noninvasive technique that predicted the occurrence of cardiac event in patients with suspected or diagnosed CAD. According to the size of IVR, high-risk and low-risk patients can be effectively identified.

OBJECTIVETo explore potency material bases of Xuebijing (XBJ) formula, and to analyze its effects at the molecular network level.

METHODSTotally 16 sepsis-related targets were selected and classified into three categories such as inflammation, immune, and coagulation referring to biological roles. Then molecular database of chemical compositions in XBJ formula were constructed to explore mutual actions with inflammation, immune, and coagulation targets.

RESULTSDanshen root and safflower, with more effector molecules with immune and coagulation targets, have extensive anticoagulation and anti-inflammation effects. The former 10 molecules with better mutual actions with sepsis targets were sequenced as tryptophane, danshensu, gallic acid, salvianolic acid D, protocatechuic acid, salvianolic acid A, danshensu C, vanillic acid, rosmarinic acid, phenylalanine. There existed two phenomena in XBJ formula as follows. One component had stronger actions with multi-targets, for example, danshensu had actions with 13 targets. Meanwhile, different components acted on the same target protein, for example, 8 molecules acted with MD-2.

CONCLUSIONXBJ formula had certain potential synergistic effects with sepsis targets, which could provide certain referential roles for findina new type anti-septic drugs.

Caffeic Acids ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Gallic Acid ; Hydroxybenzoates ; Inflammation ; Lactates ; Sepsis ; drug therapy

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of different pressure oxygen pre-breathing in preventing decompression sickness of rats.

METHODSForty male SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: decompression sickness (DCS) group and three oxygen pre-breathing groups with 1 ATA, 2 ATA and 3 ATA pressure respectively. The rats of DCS group were placed in the hyperbaric chamber and the chamber was compressed evenly within 3 minutes to depths of 7 absolute atmosphere(ATA) and held at the designated depth for 60 min, then decompressed (3 min) at constant speed to the surface pressure. After that, the rats were taken out for further detection. While the rats of oxygen pretreatment groups pre-breathed different pressure oxygen for 20 min before entering into chamber. The mortality and behavioral of rats were observed with 30 min post decompression. The dry/wet ratio of the lung, protein levels in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and the inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha) expression were also tested.

RESULTSCompared with that of the DCS group, the mortality and morbidity of oxygen pre-breathe groups didn't change obviously. But the total BALF protein level and the inflammatory cytokine TNF-alpha expression of 1 ATA oxygen pre-breathe group were obviously decreased, while the dry/wet ratio of lung as obviously increased instead (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONAlthough preoxygenation can' t obviously change the mortality and mobidity of rats, normal pressure oxygen pre-breathing can mitigate the protein infiltration in BALF and the expression of inflammatory cytokine in lung tissue.

Animals ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ; chemistry ; Decompression Sickness ; Diving ; Lung ; pathology ; Oxygen ; physiology ; Pressure ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; metabolism

Objective To investigate the effect of N-acetylcysteine ( NAC) on lung and heart injury of rats with a fast floating escape induced decompression sickness .Methods Eighty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly and evenly divided into four groups:control group and three NAC prevention groups .The NAC groups were treated with different doses of NAC(250, 500 or 1000 mg/kg)by intraperitoneal injection 1 h before entrance.In the control group, rats were given an equal volume of saline1h before entrance.The air was pressurized at the 2t/7 exponential rate to 1.5 MPa which was maintained for 4 min and then uniformly decompressed to atmospheric pressure .The extravehicular survival and pathological changes in the lung and heart tissue were detected 0.5 h after rat egress.Results The survival rate of rats treated with NAC 500 mg/kg(90%) was significantly higher than that of those treated with saline (65%)alone (P<0.05).There was large break and fusion in the structure of pulmonary alveolus of control group besides obvious erythrocyte exudation , cardiac muscle fibers edema ,and obvious denaturation and break .Conclusion NAC can play a protective role in rats with a fast floating escape induced decompression sickness by mitigating the injury to and inflammation of lung and heart tissue .