Acupuncture Points ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Bloodletting ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Pruritus ; therapy

Adolescent ; Adult ; Endoscopy ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nasal Septum ; abnormalities ; surgery ; Young Adult

Objective: To investigate the absorption and transepithelial transport characteristics of scutellarin and scutellarein in the human colonic adenocarcinoma cell (Caco-2) monolayer model. The influence factors on these two compounds' absorption were investigated, such as buffer solution, duration of culture, and inhibitors of multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (MRP(2)), breast cancer drug resistance protein (BCRP) and P-glycoprotein (P-gp). Methods: By using Caco-2 monolayer as an intestinal epithelial cell model, the transport process was studied from apical (AP) side to basolateral (BL) side or from BL to AP. The two compounds were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode-array-detector detection. Transport parameters and apparent permeability coeffients (P(app)) were calculated. Results: The P(app) values of scutellarin and scutellarein were different in two buffer solutions, respectively. In phosphate buffered saline, scutellarin had no absorption from AP to BL, while its P(app) value was 0.74×10(-6) to 1.58×10(-6) cm/s from BL to AP. The P(app) values of scutellarein were 4.33×10(-6) to 6.79×10(-6) cm/s and 1.32×10(-6) to 2.56×10(-6) cm/s from AP to BL and from BL to AP, respectively. The P(app) value gradually decreased with time. The absorption of scutellarein was better than that of scutellarin. The scutellarin absorption was improved by verapamil, MK-571 and reserpine. The scutellarein absorption was improved by verapamil whereas its excretion was improved by MK-571. Conclusion: Absorption of scutellarin is difficult in Caco-2 monolayer cells, which contributes to its low bioavailability. Scutellarein absorption is better than scutellarin absorption. Scutellarein transepithelial transport is passive diffusion. The inhibitor of P-gp can improve scutellarin and scutellarein transportation. The inhibitors of MRP(2) and BCRP can promote transportation of scutellarin. The inhibitor of MRP(2) can promote efflux of scutellarein. The multidrug resistance-associated protein may be the second reason for low bioavailability of scutellarin.

Objective To explore the expressions and significances of p 53、bcl-2、Ki-67 and apopto-sis in keratoacanthoma(KA)and well differentiated squamous cell carcinoma (WDSCC).Methods The expres-sions of p53、bcl-2、Ki-67 were detected by immunohistochemical technique in 44 cases of KA and 20 cases of WDSCC.Apoptosis was identified by using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transfers ( TdT) -mediated dUTP -biotin nick and labelling(TUNEL)method.Results The positive expressive rates of p53 in proliferative、mature and re-gressive of KA were 22.23%、26.18% and 6.52%, which was lower than the positive rate of WDSCC (41.82%).Significant differences were found between every period of KA with WDSCC in p 53 expression;The intensity of expression and pattern were similar in KA of Ki -67 and p53.There were a positive correlation be-tween p53 and Ki-67 expression rate(r=0.986,P<0.001).The bcl-2 staining showed weak expression in 1 case in WDSCC and 2 cases in KA ,but only a few positive tumor cells was limited to basal cell layer in KA .The average apoptosis rate in KA was 21.72%,which was apparently higher than in WDSCC (9.925%).There were a negative correlation between the apoptosis rate and proliferation rate of Ki -67(r=-0.824,P<0.001).Con-clusion The proliferation and apoptosis in KA can coexist .However ,the apoptosis will occupy a dominance posi-tion in regressive phase ,which results in the regression of tumor .The expressions of p53、Ki-67 and apoptosis would be a certain significance in differentiated KA and WDSCC .

Objective To study the conditions and methods of hydrodynamics-based transgene into rat regenerating liver in vivo. Methods The solution with concentration 30mg/L gene-containing plasmid was injected into rat tail veins at a speed of 2ml/s, then partial hepatectomy (PH) was performed at different times before/after injection, finally the rat (g) and regenerating liver (g) were weighed, and the liver coefficient (Lc) was calculated. Out of 15 groups which are Lc±Lc*0%, *5%, *10%, *15%, *20%, *25%, *30%, *35%, the most suitable group was chosen as correction coefficient to calculate the most appropriate volume of plasmid solution which was injected into the regenerating liver at different recovery times, and at the same time, right lobe of liver was gathered to make frozen section, then observe and quantify the positive green fluorescent protein (GFP) rate at 488 nm excitation wavelength. Results Injection of either physiological saline or empty plasmid has no significant difference compared with control (only PH performance). The appropriate time of hydrodynamics-based transgene is more than 12 hours before PH or anytime after PH. The solution volume of hydrodynamics-based transgene into liver regenerating rat after PH is rat weight (g) ×9%×1/3×corresponding correction coefficient (Trc). Both vector and target gene have effect on the time and abundance of gene expression. Conclusion Hydrodynamics-based transgene can effectively be applied to gene transfection in rat regenerating liver.

Objective To discuss the characteristics,growth and development of atlantoaxial pedicle in preschool children,and to provide the basic theoretical basis for the design,production and clinical application of pedicle screw technique in the treatment of atlantoaxial disease in preschool children.Methods Excluded patients with atlantoaxial fractures,deformities,tuberculosis and tumor,the clinical data of 60 children aged from 3 to 6 years old with cervical spondylolisthesis were collected.The original CT images were reconstructed in DICOM format and the subjects were reconstructed with Mimics software.The subjects were grouped by age to measure and analyze the atlantoaxial pedicle correlation.Results The pedicle width(PW),pedicle height(PH) and total length of pedicle bone channel (PL) increased gradually with age.The PW/PH ratio of the vertebrae(C1) is greater than 1.0,and that is, the width of the pedicle of the C1 pedicle is greater than the height.The PW/PH ratio of the vertebral (C2) is less than 1.0,which means the width of the pedicle of the C1 pedicle is less than the height.Conclusion The growth and development of spine in preschool children are fast, and the pedicle of atlantoaxial calculus in different age groups has different developmental characteristics.In this study,the diameter of the pedicle of the atlantoaxial pedicle in the 3 to 6 year old children is increasing with age.The pedicle screw with the smallest diameter of 3.5 mm can be implanted into the atlantoaxial pedicle with feasibility in theory.

Objective To describe the MRI features and pathologic findings of biliary cystadenocarcinoma(BCAC)and to assess the diagnostic value of MRI in those tumors.Methods Five cases of BCAC were collected.All cases were proved by pathology.Non-enhanced and multiphase-enhanced MRI were performed in all cases.MRCP were performed in two cases.The MRI features of the five cases were reviewed retrospectively and correlated with pathologic findings.Results Histological evidence demonstrated five cases of BCAC.Four cases were solitary,whereas the other case was multifocal.All cases were solid and cystic lesions.Two cases were unilocular,whereas the other three cases were multilocular. Multiple mural nodules and irregular thickening cystic walls were presented in all cases.The cystic parts of the lesions were homogeneous in signal intensity and showed no enhancement after contrast administration in the five BCAC.Septa were present in three BCAC with multilocular cyst.On MRCP the bile duct dilatation was found in two BCAC.Conclusion MRI can reveal the characteristic findings of BCAC and accurate preoperative diagnosis can be made.

Objective:To observe the influence of radiofrequency catheter ablation of the fat pad at the right pulmonary vein- atria junction(RPV fat pad)on Bezold-Jarisch reflex(BJR)induced by veratridine in canine.Methods:Ten mongrel dogs were anesthetized and their chest were opened through a right thoracotomy to expose the RPV fat pad.Veratridine was injected into the left ventricle at bolus doses of 10?g/kg through a catheter to induce BJR.The sinus cycle length(SCL),systolic arterial pressure(SAP),diastolic arterial pressure(DAP),mean arterial pressure(MAP),left ventricle systolic pressure(LVSP), left ventricle diastolic pressure(LVDP)and mean left ventricle pressure(MLVP)were measured under the baseline and after ablation of the RPV fat pad;the changes of the above parameters(?SCL,?SAP,?DAP,?MAP,?LVSP,?LVDP,and?MLVP)were calculated.Then the same dose of veratridine was injected under the pad after ablation and the changes of the a- bove parameters were observed.Results:BJR was successfully induced in the 8 animals;the animals has prolonged sinus cycle length(SCL)and decreased MAP and MLVP.After ablation,the prolongation of SCL after injection of veratridine was markedly reduced([229.2?92.3]ms vs[39.3?14.1]ms,P

Objective To evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of combination chemotherapy with etoposide and cisplatin(EP)regimen on the patients with high-risk,chemorefractory and recurrent gestational trophoblastic neoplasia(GTN).Methods Thirty-nine patients with gestational trophoblastic tumors were analyzed retrospectively,25 of 39 patients were of high-risk,9 patients were chemorefractory and 5 patients were recurrent.All 39 patients were administrated with EP regimen,and 10 patients were assisted with surgery.All the patients were followed up.Clinical response,toxicity,the occurrence of secondary tumors of all patients,and the fertility of 30 patients whose fertility function was preserved were investigated. Results Thirty-nine GTN patients underwent a total of 221 cycles of the EP regimen.The average number of courses for each patient was 5.7.The total complete remission rate of the regimen was 74%(29/39). Twenty-five patients with high-risk GTN received a total of 139 cycles and the average number of courses was 5.6.Nineteen patients achieved complete remission and 6 patients showed drug-resistant.The complete remission rate of the high-risk group was 76%(19/25).Nine patients with chemorefractory GTN obtained a total of 55 cycles and the average number of courses was 6.1.Six patients achieved complete remission and 3 patients showed drug-resistant again.The complete remission rate of the chemorefractory group was 6/9. Five patients with recurrent GTN received 27 cycles and the average number of courses was 5.4.Four patients achieved complete remission,1 patient showed drug-resistance and died.Bone marrow toxicity, gastrointestinal reaction and alopecia were the main side effects of the EP regimen,but the bone marrow toxicity was slight and no grade Ⅳ side effect occurred.No fatal effect was found.Eight of 30 patients whose fertility faction was preserved had become pregnant after recovery,with a total of 8 pregnancies.Among them,2 were terminated by induced abortion,and 6 underwent normal term delivery and gained 6 infants who had no congenital malformation.All the 6 children had normal growth and development after childbirth. None of the women developed secondary tumors.Conclusion The EP regimen is effective and safe for the treatment of high-risk,chemorefractory and recurrent GTN.

The fermentation conditions of high 1.3 -propanediol-producing strain E. aero-N-56 were determined in this Paper. The optimum conditions of producing 1.3-PD were: initial pH 7.0, temperature 30℃, culture time 48 h, inoculum size 9% . Under the optimum conditions: the 1.3-PD productivity reached up to 23.68 g/L?d; the 1,3-PD yield of E. aero-N-56 up to 47.36 g/L in 30 L fermentor.