Objective: To sum up the repair techniques of secondary alar deformity after the first phase reconstruction of alar defect. Methods: From January 2010 to December 2017, 17 patients with secondary alar deformity were included. Secondary alar deformities after the first stage reconstruction of alar defect included the abnormalities of alar groove line, absence of alar-cheek groove and the notch of alar rim. Z-plasty, V-Y advanced flaps, local skin flap and other technologies were introduced to repair details. Results: Infection was found in one case of the reconstruction of the alar-cheek groove and the wound was healed by treatment. There was no necrosis occurred in other flap. The shape of the alar was satisfactory and the anterior nostril was not narrow. Patients were followed up for 1 month to 1 year. The average follow-up time was 5 months. No recurrence of nasal alar tumor was found. The patients were satisfied with the appearance. Conclusions The symmetrical and satisfactory nasal shape can be obtained with local flaps such as Z-plasty, V-Y advancement of flaps for secondary alar deformities.

OBJECTIVETo establish a rapid method for testing drug sussceptibility on Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

METHODSTaking absolute Concentration method for drug susceptibility testing of M. tuberculosis as the "gold standard", we examined the drug-resistant of M. tuberculosis strain with nitrate reducrase assay (NRA) and the drug-resistant of M. tuberculosis germ in sputum with NRA.

RESULTSNRA and absolute concentration method was basically comparable with NRA susceptibility as 96.5% and the specificity was 100%, When comparing with traditional absolute concentration method, NRA could shorten the time about 3 weeks. Using NRA to test the drug-resistant of M. tuberculosis germ in sputum, its susceptibility was more than 66.7% and specificity was 100%, within 10-20 days.

CONCLUSIONNRA could be used as a rapid drug susceptibility testing on M. tuberculosis.

Anti-Bacterial Agents ; pharmacology ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial ; Enzyme Assays ; methods ; Humans ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; methods ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis ; drug effects ; pathogenicity ; Nitrate Reductase ; metabolism ; Sputum ; microbiology

AIMTo prepare rifapentine (RIF) liposomes modified by surfactants for studying their the water-solubility, drug loading effeciency, release rate and pulmonary drug delivery.

METHODSThe film method was used to prepare RIF liposomes. Of verious RIF liposomes morphology by lauric diethanolamide (LDEA), Tween 80 and azone, the properties were studied, envolving morphology, entrapment drug release rate and dissected lung-membrance penetration rate of swine. Pulmonary delivery study was carried out through bronchoscope.

RESULTSThe particle size of RIF-LDEA liposomes was between 15 - 50 nm. The top entrapment efficiency reached 83.0%. The apparent coefficient of membrane penetration (Kp) was 44.29. LD50 was 675 mg x kg(-1) by iv.

CONCLUSIONLDEA increased the water-solubility, loading effeciency and release rate of RIF liposomes. The prepared RIF-LDEA liposomes were suitable for the treatment of pulmonary tubrculosis through bronchoscope.

Animals ; Antibiotics, Antitubercular ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; pharmacokinetics ; Drug Carriers ; Drug Delivery Systems ; methods ; Ethanolamines ; chemistry ; Lauric Acids ; chemistry ; Liposomes ; Lung ; metabolism ; Particle Size ; Permeability ; Rifampin ; administration & dosage ; analogs & derivatives ; chemistry ; Solubility ; Swine

OBJECTIVETo determine the best cutoff value and reference standard of obese indexes and to compare their diagnostic value in screening, predicting and diagnosing obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) in male adults by receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC).

METHODSA total of 1110 male adults were included and cross-sectional study was adopted. Four parameters including: body mass index (BMI), neck circumference (NC), waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) were studied. The correlativity between apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) and BMI, NC, WC and WHR were analyzed by pearson correlation test. ROC curve was used to assess the diagnostic value and determine their best cutoff value to predict OSAHS and reference standard to screen/diagnose it. Their conformity in predicting OSAHS was analyzed by area under curve (AUC). SPSS software version 13.0 was used for statistical analysis and P< or =0.05 was considered to indicate statistical significance.

RESULTS(1) All of the fourindexes (BMI, NC, WC and WHR) showed a significantly positive correlation with AHI in adult male patients, with their Pearson coefficients as 0.373, 0.276, 0.291 and 0.127, respectively, and their P value were all below 0.001; (2) The best cutoff value of BMI, NC and WC in predicting OSAHS were 26.5 kg/m2 , 39 cm, 95 cm, and their corresponding sensitivity rates were 54%, 57% and 64% while rates of specificity as 73%, 65% and 53%; (3) BMI was better than other two indexes in predicting OASHS in adult male patients; (4) The value of BMI, NC and WC in screening OSAHS among adult male patients with 90% sensitivity and 10% rate of missed diagnosis as 23 kg/m2, 35 cm, 85 cm; (5) The value of BMI, NC and WC in screening OSAHS in adult male patients with 90% specificity and 10% misdiagnosis rate as 29 kg/m2, 43 cm, 105 cm, respectively.

CONCLUSIONBMI seemed better in predicting OSAHS in male adults than NC, WC and WHR. The best cutoff values to predict OSAHS of BMI, NC and WC were 26.5 kg/m2, 39 cm and 95 cm, respectively. Their reference standards to screen OSAHS were 23 kg/m2, 35 cm and 85 cm while 29 kg/m2, 43 cm and 105 cm to predict OSAHS.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Body Mass Index ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Obesity ; complications ; Predictive Value of Tests ; ROC Curve ; Reference Standards ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; complications ; diagnosis ; Waist Circumference ; Waist-Hip Ratio ; Young Adult

AIMTo compare two methods, the total radioactivity assay (RA method) and the radioactivity assay after separation with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC-RA method).

METHODS125I-Lidamycin was prepared by Iodogen method and separated by size exclusive high performance liquid chromatography. The pharmacokinetic parameters of lidamycin were assayed by two methods after intravenous injection to mice at the dose of 100 microg x kg(-1), and compared by statistical analysis.

RESULTSThe pharmacokinetic parameters (Vd, T1/2alpha, T1/2beta, K21, K10, K12, AUC and CL) showed significant difference between the two methods (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe HPLC-RA method was better than the RA method to determine unchanged 125I-lidamycin.

Aminoglycosides ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Animals ; Antibiotics, Antineoplastic ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Area Under Curve ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Enediynes ; Female ; Iodine Radioisotopes ; Isotope Labeling ; Male ; Mice ; Sensitivity and Specificity

Eleven flavonol glycosides were isolated from the ethanol extract of Lysimachia clethroides by a combination of various chromatographic techniques including column chromatography over silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, and reversed-phase HPLC. Their structures were identified as astragalin (1), isoquercitrin (2), isorhamnetin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (3), quercetin-3-O-β-D-6"-acetylglucopyranoside (4), quercetin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (5), prunin (6), 2-hydroxynaringin-5-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (7), kaempferol-3-O-rutinonoside (8), kaempferol-3-O-robinobioside (9), rutin (10) and kaempferol-3,7-di-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (11). Among them, compounds 4, 7 and 11 were obtained from the Lysimachia genus for the first time, while compounds 3, 5 and 9 were firstly reported from this plant. In the preliminary assays, compounds 2, 6 and 8 possessed significant inhibition against aldose reduc- tase, with IC50 values of 2.69, 1.00, 1.80 μmol · L(-1), respectively; none of compounds 1-11 exhibited obvious cytotoxic activity (IC50 > 10 μmol · L(-1)).
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Flavonols ; chemistry ; Glycosides ; chemistry ; Molecular Structure ; Primulaceae ; chemistry ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization

OBJECTIVETo explore the changes of metastatic potential of residual hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after in vivo chemotherapy and its mechanism.

METHODSNude mouse models of orthotopic HCC in the nude mouse livers was established using human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line MHCC97L cells. Oxaliplatin (10 mg/kg, once per week) was administered intraperitoneally (i.p.) to mice in the trial group. Mice in the control group received 0.2 ml of 0.9% sodium chloride on the same days. On day 7 after the third injection, all mice were sacrificed and tumor fragments of equal volume (2 mm×2 mm×2 mm) from each mouse of the oxaliplatin-treated and untreated groups were reinoculated into the livers of each new recipient mouse correspondingly. The growth, metastasis and molecular phenotype of the reinoculated tumors in both groups were determined.

RESULTSIn the new recipient mice, compared with untreated tumors, oxaliplatin pre-treated tumors grew significantly slower [(2624.59 ± 491.60) mm(3) vs. (3849.72 ± 827.09) mm(3), P < 0.001], but gave more spontaneous metastasis to the lung (10/12 vs. 3/12, P = 0.012). A decreased expression of E-cadherin and increased expression of N-cadherin, vimentin and transcription factor Snail were detected in the oxaliplatin pre-treated tumors by immunohistochemistry, which provided the evidence of epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) in these tumors.

CONCLUSIONResidual hepatocellular carcinomas after in vivo chemotherapy grow slower but gain enhanced metastatic potential to the lung, associated with epithelial mesenchymal transition.

Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cadherins ; metabolism ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; secondary ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; Lung Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; secondary ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Nude ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Neoplasm, Residual ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; secondary ; Organoplatinum Compounds ; therapeutic use ; Snail Family Transcription Factors ; Transcription Factors ; metabolism ; Tumor Burden ; Vimentin ; metabolism ; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays

OBJECTIVETo assess if the modulating effect of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB on p21(WAF1) was mediated by upregulating transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta(1) expression in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC).

METHODSTGF-beta(1) mRNA and protein expressions were measured by reverse transcription-PCR and ELISA, the protein expressions of p21(WAF1) and the downstream TGF-beta signalling including TGF-beta type I receptor (ALK-5 in VSMC), Smurf2, pSmad2/3, Smad4, Smad7 were detected by Western blot.

RESULTSPDGF-BB significantly upregulated the expressions of TGF-beta(1) at mRNA (0.79-fold) and protein (1.98-fold) levels in VSMC, significantly inhibited the expression of p21(WAF1) (-67 +/- 12)%, and enhanced the expressions of ALK-5, pSmad2/3, Smad4, Smurf2 protein by 1.21-fold, 0.95-fold, 0.69-fold and 2.55-fold respectively, inhibited Smad7 expression (-65 +/- 9)%, these alterations were partially restored by anti-TGF-beta(1) neutralizing antibody.

CONCLUSIONSThese findings suggested that PDGF-BB inhibited p21(WAF1) expression in VSMC partially through upregulating TGF-beta(1) expression via PDGF-BB and TGF-beta signalling pathways.

Animals ; Cell Division ; Cells ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21 ; metabolism ; Male ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular ; cytology ; metabolism ; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Platelet-Derived Growth Factor ; pharmacology ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-sis ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Signal Transduction ; drug effects ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo observe amplitude changes of low frequency fluctuation in brain spontaneous nervous activities induced by needling at Hand Taiyin Lung Channel, and to preliminarily explore the possible brain function network of Hand Taiyin Lung Channel.

METHODSBy using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), 16 healthy volunteers underwent resting-state scanning (R1) and scanning with retained acupuncture at Hand Taiyin Lung Channel (acupuncture, AP). Data of fMRI collected were statistically calculated using amplitude of low frequency fluctuations (ALFF).

RESULTSUnder R1 significantly enhanced ALFF occurred in right precuneus, left inferior parietal lobule, bilateral superior temporal gyrus, bilateral middle frontal gyrus, left superior frontal gyrus, left inferior frontal gyrus, left medial frontal gyrus. Under AP significantly enhanced ALFF occurred in right precuneus, bilateral superior frontal gyrus, cerebellum, bilateral middle frontal gyrus, right medial frontal gyrus, and so on. Compared with R1, needing at Hand Taiyin Lung Channel could significantly enhance ALFF in right gyrus subcallosum and right inferior frontal gyrus. Significant decreased ALFF appeared in right postcentral gyrus, left precuneus, left superior temporal gyrus, left middle temporal gyrus, and so on.

CONCLUSIONNeeding at Hand Taiyin Lung Channel could significantly change fixed activities of cerebral cortex, especially in right subcallosal gyrus, right inferior frontal gyrus, and so on.

Acupuncture Therapy ; Brain ; physiology ; Brain Mapping ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the feasibility of whole body diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) in bone metastasis detection using bone scintigraphy as comparison.

METHODSForty-five patients with malignancy history were enrolled in our study. All the patients received the whole body DWI and bone scintigraphy scan within 1 week. The magnetic resonance (MR) examination was performed on 3.0T MR scanner using embedded body coil. The images were reviewed separately by two radiologists and two nuclear medicine physicians, who were blinded to the results of the other imaging modality. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of the two techniques for detecting bone metastasis were analyzed.

RESULTSA total of 181 metastatic lesions in 77 regions of 34 patients were detected by whole body DWI, and 167 metastatic lesions in 76 regions of 31 patients were identified by bone scintigraphy. The patient-based sensitivity and PPV of whole body DWI and bone scintigraphy were similar (89.5% vs. 81.6%, 97.1% vs. 91.2%), whereas, the patient-based specificity and NPV of whole body DWI were obviously higher than those of bone scintigraphy (85.7% vs. 57.1%, 60.0% vs. 36.4%). Ten regions negative in scintigraphy but positive in whole body DWI, mainly located in spine, pelvis, and femur; nine regions only detected by scintigraphy, mainly located in skull, sternum, clavicle, and scapula. The region-based sensitivity and specificity of whole body DWI were slightly higher than those of bone scintigraphy (89.5% vs. 88.4%, 95.6% vs. 87.6%).

CONCLUSIONWhole body DWI reveals excellent concordance with bone scintigraphy regarding detection of bone metastasis, and the two techniques are complementary for each other.

Aged ; Bone Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; pathology ; secondary ; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; instrumentation ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Radionuclide Imaging ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Whole Body Imaging ; instrumentation ; methods