Acute Disease ; Adult ; Brain Diseases ; chemically induced ; Carbon Disulfide ; poisoning ; Humans ; Male ; Occupational Diseases ; chemically induced

Hepatitis B virus ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; immunology ; virology ; Humans ; T-Lymphocytes ; immunology

The internship is the transition period of a medico becoming a doctor,the cultivation of clinical work ability of interns is a comprehensive ability cultivation which includes the foundation theories' consolidation and use,the practical operative train- ing,the cultivation of clinical thought ability and communication between doctors and patients,etc.To educate pediatrics intern has its characteristics.

OBJECTIVEGene therapy of leukemia is a new and effective method. It is known to all that the pathogenesis and development of leukemia are related to a variety of genes. Survivin is a member of inhibitors of apoptotic proteins (IAP). Its cDNA was cloned from target cell protease receptor-1 (EPR-1). It is expressed in common tumors, but there is no expression in normal and mature tissues. High expression of survivin was detected in leukemic cells. The present study was conducted to examine the role of survivin in the differentiation of leukemic cells by using antisense-oligonucleotides.

METHODSHuman leukemic cell K562 was used as the model for the study. K562 cells were divided into 4 groups randomly: antisense oligonucleuotide (ASON) group, nonsense oligonucleotide (NSON) group, lipofectin group and control group. There were 5 samples in each group, and the experiment was repeated for three times. ASON was designed with the reference to targeting survivin mRNA. K562 cells were cultured in RPMI1640 contained fetal cattle serum at a concentration of about 10 percent. Cell transfection was induced by lipofectin. Forty-eight hours after thansfection, the morphology and ultrastructure were observed. Twenty-four hours and 48 hours after thansfection, the function of K562 cells was detected by benzidine staining, POX staining and NBT staining, respectively. The mean fluorescence intensity of CD33 was determined by flow cytometry. The method of immunohistochemistry was used to examine the protein level of survivin.

RESULTSAfter thansfection with ASON, the size of K562 cells was reduced, but the cytoplasm was increased. The metarubricyte, segment granulocyte, apoptotic cells could be found. Morphologically and ultrastructurally, erythroid and myelocytic differentiation was observed. The positive level of benzidine staining in ASON group (11.90 +/- 2.30 at 24 h and 18.20 +/- 2.93 at 48 h) was higher than that of NSON group, lipofectin group and control group, respectively. The positive level of POX staining in ASON group (17.40 +/- 3.54 at 24 h and 29.40 +/- 3.70 at 48 h) was also higher than that of any other groups. The positive level of NBT staining in ASON group (7.50 +/- 2.26 at 24 h and 12.10 +/- 2.63 at 48 h) was significantly higher than that of NSON group, lipofectin group and control group, respectively (P < 0.01). In ASON group, the mean fluorescence intensity of CD33 (21.43 +/- 1.61 at 24 h and 14.86 +/- 1.20 at 48 h) was significantly lower than that of any other groups (P < 0.01). After thansfection for 24 h, the protein level of survivin in ASON group was decreased significantly compared to that of control group. There was no difference in survivin protein level amongst ASON group, NSON group and lipofectin group at 24 h (P > 0.05). Forty-eight hours after thansfection, the protein level of survivin was decreased significantly.

CONCLUSIONSASON targeting survivin can induce K562 to erythroid and myelocytic differentiation. Survivin is related to differentiation of K562 cells, and it can be a target of gene therapy for leukemia.

Antigens, CD ; analysis ; Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic ; analysis ; Cell Differentiation ; Humans ; Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins ; K562 Cells ; Microtubule-Associated Proteins ; analysis ; antagonists & inhibitors ; genetics ; physiology ; Oligonucleotides, Antisense ; genetics ; Sialic Acid Binding Ig-like Lectin 3 ; Transfection

OBJECTIVETo determine the postnatal changes in serum neuron-specific enolase (NSE) level in neonates.

METHODSTwenty full-term infants and 30 preterm infants without a history of asphyxia or neurological disease born over the same period were enrolled. The 30 preterm infants consisted of 15 late preterm births and 15 early preterm births. Serum NSE levels were determined using electrochemical immunosensor array on postnatal days 1, 3 and 7. Ten healthy adults volunteered as controls.

RESULTSSerum NSE levels in neonates of the full-term group and two preterm groups gradually decreased with increasing birth age (P<0.01). All the three groups of neonates had significantly higher serum NSE levels on postnatal days 1, 3, and 7 than the healthy adult group (P<0.01). The early preterm group had significantly higher serum NSE levels than the full-term group on postnatal days 1, 3, and 7 (P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONSSerum NSE level in neonates during early postnatal days is related to gestational and birth ages and higher than the normal adult level. The reference value for normal serum NSE level in neonates should be determined according to gestational and birth ages, rather than the normal adult level.

Female ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; blood ; Male ; Phosphopyruvate Hydratase ; blood ; Reference Values

Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Cochlea ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Epithelium ; metabolism ; Mice ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels ; chemistry ; metabolism

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and adverse effects of gefitinib in the treatment of fe- male patients with advanced adenocarcinoma of lung who had failed to previous chemotherapy.Methods These patients received 250mg of gefitinib orally,once daily until disease progression or development of intol- erable toxic reaction.They were evaluated one month after treatment and every other month thereafter.Results Among the 27 evaluable patients,there were 1 CR(3.7%),11 PR(40.8%),10 SD(37.0%)and 5 PD(18.5%). The overall response rate was 44.5%(95% CI 29%～68%);and 22 patients(81.5%)gained profit(CR+PR+ SD)from the clinical therapy(95% CI 62%～94%);the mean TTP was 7.2 months.Symptomatic improvement rate was 80.0%.The main adverse effects were mild rash and diarrhea.Conclusion gefitinib has significant efficacy in the treatment of female patients with advanced tung cancer who had failed to previous chemother- apy.Adverse effects are mild.gefitinib is a suitable therapy for these patients.

BACKGROUNDChai Lai Prescription is a Chinese herbal compound which is used to sooth the liver, strengthen the spleen and harmonize the stomach for descending adverse Qi. We initiated the study to investigate its mechanism of treating in vitro rabbit reflux esophagitis models.

METHODSAdult male Japanese white rabbits, weighing 1.8-2.2 kg, were divided into five groups of three each, which were: normal control group (Krebs buffer, pH7.4), esophagitis model group (Krebs buffer, pH5.8), esophagitis model proup+low-dose Chinese herbal medicine protection group (0.6 mg × ml(-1)× kg(-1)), esophagitis model group+moderate-dose Chinese herbal medicine protection group (6 mg × ml(-1)× kg(-1)), esophagitis model group+high-dose Chinese herbal medicine protection group (60 mg × ml(-1)×kg(-1)). The RT-PCR method was used to test the influence of Chai Lai Prescription on IL-1 and IL-6 in in vitro rabbit models of esophagitis. We treated the in vitro models with different doses of Chinese herbal medicine.

RESULTSEsophageal mucosa were filled with various liquids. IL-6 and IL-1β mRNA expression was increased in rabbit esophageal mucosa stimulated with acid. Chinese herbal medicine significantly reduced the levels of IL-6 and IL-1β mRNA expression in the in vitro cultured rabbit esophageal mucosa. Using Chinese herbal medicine to treat in vitro models of RE, we found that the IL-6 and IL-1β mRNA expression levels went down, near to or lower than the normal control levels, compared with the group treated with acidified buffer solution.

CONCLUSIONSChai Lai Prescription lowered the IL-1β and IL-6 cytokine mRNA levels and protected the esophageal mucosa in the in vitro models of reflux esophagitis, suggesting that the traditional Chinese herbal compound may be able to treat reflux esophagitis by inhibiting the its inflammatory mediators.

Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Esophagitis, Peptic ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Interleukin-1beta ; genetics ; Interleukin-6 ; genetics ; Male ; Rabbits

OBJECTIVETo study the contribution of executive function to abnormal recognition of facial expressions of emotion in schizophrenia patients.

METHODSAbnormal recognition of facial expressions of emotion was assayed according to Japanese and Caucasian facial expressions of emotion (JACFEE), Wisconsin card sorting test (WCST), positive and negative symptom scale, and Hamilton anxiety and depression scale, respectively, in 88 paranoid schizophrenia patients and 75 healthy volunteers.

RESULTSPatients scored higher on the Positive and Negative Symptom Scale and the Hamilton Anxiety and Depression Scales, displayed lower JACFEE recognition accuracies and poorer WCST performances. The JACFEE recognition accuracy of contempt and disgust was negatively correlated with the negative symptom scale score while the recognition accuracy of fear was positively with the positive symptom scale score and the recognition accuracy of surprise was negatively with the general psychopathology score in patients. Moreover, the WCST could predict the JACFEE recognition accuracy of contempt, disgust, and sadness in patients, and the perseverative errors negatively predicted the recognition accuracy of sadness in healthy volunteers. The JACFEE recognition accuracy of sadness could predict the WCST categories in paranoid schizophrenia patients.

CONCLUSIONRecognition accuracy of social-/moral emotions, such as contempt, disgust and sadness is related to the executive function in paranoid schizophrenia patients, especially when regarding sadness.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; European Continental Ancestry Group ; Executive Function ; Facial Expression ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Schizophrenia, Paranoid ; psychology ; Young Adult

[Objective] To evaluate the efficacy of autologous whole blood injections in patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria and positive autologous serum skin test (ASST).[[Methods]] After assessment of clinical history,patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria underwent skin prick test (SPT) and ASST.Then,100 patients with positive ASST but negative SPT for common allergens were randomly classified into treatment group (n =60) and control group (n =40).Oral loratadine was given to all the patients with a gradual tapering to the least maintenance dose.Patients in the treatment group were also injected with autologous whole blood once a week for 12 times.Patients were evaluated by urticaria activity score (UAS) and dermatology life quality index (DLQI) at the baseline,the end of the 3rd and 6th month after the initial treatment.The total amount of antihistamines required for the control of urticaria every month was calculated.The UAS,DLQI,accumulative amount of administrated antihistamines,and the diameter of wheal/flush induced by autologous serum were compared by t test before and after the treatment,and the efficacy was compared by rank sum test between the two groups.[Results] No significant difference was observed between the control and treatment group in UAS at the baseline (5.73 ± 0.51 vs.5.32 ± 0.79,P＞ 0.05).The UAS reached 1.57 ± 1.42 and 0.69± 0.92 with a decrease rate of 69％ and 81％ in the treatment group,and 3.65 ± 1.53 and 2.65 ± 1.61 with a decrease rate of 35％ and 53％ in the control group,respectively at the end of the 3rd and 6th month,and statistical difference was observed for the decrease in both groups at the two time points (all P ＜ 0.05).The total amount of antihistamines required for the control of urticaria per month averaged 8.63 pills and 3.83 pills respectively in the treatment group after 3 and 6 months of treatment,significantly less than that in the control group (16.85 and 15.27 pills,respectively).[Conclusion]s The combination of oral antihistamine and autologous whole blood injections can not only reduce disease activity and improve patients' quality of life,but also decrease the total amount of antihistamines required for the control of urticaria.