Humans ; Liver Diseases ; diagnosis ; pathology

Objective To evaluate the clinical value of serum MUC1(sMUC1)in the patients with multiple myeloma.Methods The enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was used to compare the sMUC1 levels in the 12 cases of newly diagnosed multiple myeloma.15 cases of post-chemotherapy and 46 healthy donors.Results The mean concentration of sMUC1 in the newly diagnosed patients with multiple myeloma was 33.44 U/ml(10.86～88.80 U/ml).In the patients of post-chemotherapy the mean concentration was 11.6U/ml(3.92～22.22 U/ml),and in the healthy donors the concentration was 12.81 U/ml(3.84～30.45 U/ml).The level of sMUC1 in the new diagnosed patients was significandy higher than that in the patients of post-chemotherapy(P=0.001)and healthy donors(P=0.000).There was no significant difference between post-chemotherapy and healthy donors(P=0.461).Conclusion sMUC1 may be one of the tumor markers for the diagnosis of multiple myeloma.sMUC1 could also be used as one of the indicators of prognosis and the evaluation of the chemotherapy efficacy.sMUC1 might be a potential target for the immunotherapy to the patients with multiple myeloma.

Objective to develop a rotation monitoring device to monitor animal rotation during experiments.Methods Use serial port controls,USB and rotary encoder et al.modern computer cience,with the combination of traditionally experimental methods and the software designed in VC language.Results A mini animal rotation monitor was developed,which could continuously monitor animal rotation and intelligently display the rotaion.conclusion Statistic analysis of experimental data proofs the rationality and effectiveness of the apparatus.The rotational behavior monitor can play an importance role in research into the pathogenesis of Parkinson's Disease(PD)and screening the anti-PD drugs.

This study was aimed to optimize Qinshuang particle best spray granulation process conditions. The or-thogonal test method was used with grain yield and baicalin transfer rate as the inspection indexes. The main in-fluence factors of Qinshuang particle spray granulation process were investigated. The results showed that the best technological parameters are atomization pressure of 1 800 Pa, inlet temperature at 90°C - 100°C, outlet temper-ature at 50 ° C - 60 ° C , and the extract relative density of 1 . 10 ( 60 ° C ) . It was concluded that the reasonable pro-cess conditions make particles with stable quality, which provide the experimental basis for industrial production.

Hepatitis C ; immunology ; Humans ; Killer Cells, Natural ; immunology

Objective To dynamically observe changes of IgG, its subclasses and IgE in sera of mice by immunization with mixed recombinant of BCG-Em Ⅱ/3 and BCG-Em14-3-3 vaccine of Echinococcus multilocularis (Era). Methods Forty Balb/c mice of 12-14 week old and 20-25 g weight were intranasally vaccinated by the vaccine, 4 mice were killed randomly by the weight on 0,2,4,6,8,10,12,14,16 and 18 weeks of immunization respectively, sera were gathered from the eyeball to measure IgG, its subclasses and IgE by routine ELISA. Results Levels of IgG, IgG2a and IgG2b in the sera of mice increased obviously on 2-18 weeks, reached the highest level on 10, 4 and 4 weeks respectively, the value was 0.095±0.033,0.022±0.001,0.023±0.003 respectively, as compared with the value on 0 week(0.030±0.013,0.012±0.004,0.013±0.004), the difference being statistically significant(q=2.95,4.87,2.81 respectively, P < 0.01 or P < 0.05); levels of IgG1, IgG3 and IgE in the sera of mice decreased remarkably on 2-18 weeks,came to the lowest level on 4,2,6 weeks respectively, the value was 0.031±0.004,0.136±0.002,0.114±0.002 respectively, as compared with the value on 0 week(0.192±0.007, 0.175±0.013,0.024±0.003), the difference being statistically significant (q =5.16,4.93,5.32 respectively, P < 0.01 or P < 0.05). Conclusion Helper T cell(TH) Ⅰ response is induced in mice by mixed recombinant of BCG-Em Ⅱ/3 and BCG-Em14-3-3 vaccine on early immunization.

Objective To dynamically observe the changes of subsets of splenocytes in mice by immunization with recombinant BCG-Eg95 vaccine of Echinococcus granulosus(Eg).Methods Balb/c mice were divided randomly into 3 groups according to their weishts:intranasal group.per os group and PBS control.The mice were vaccinated intranasally or orally by the vaccine respectively in experimental groups.and the control mice were given phosphate buffer saline intranasally.These mice were killed to get spleen on 0,2,4,6,8,10,12, 14,16 and 18 week of immunization,respectively.Splenocytes were separated to measure subsets of CD4+ and CD8+T ceUs by FACsort.Results There were marked differences in ratio of CD4+ and CD8+ subsets among the different groups(F value were 21.56 and 22.08 respectively,P＜0.05).There were very marked differences in ratio of CD4+ and CD8+ subsets in different weeks(F value were 5.75 and 6.29 respectively.P＜0.01).In the intranasal group,CD4+ and CD8+ T subsets increased obviously in 6～18 weeks and 12 weeks,and reached the highest level on 10 and 12 week,espectively.Their values were 0.348±0.013 and 0.090±0.003.respectively.There were marked or very marked differences(q value were 7.32 and 5.32 respectively,P＜0.01 or＜0.05)in comparison with 0 week(0.230±0.022 and 0.069±0.015).In the oral group,CD4+and CD8+ subsets rose reinarkablv on 6-16 weeks and 8-18 weeks,achieved the hishest level on 10 and 16 weeks,respectively.Their vahes were 0.405± 0.006 and 0.096±0.004,respectively.There were marked or very marked difference(q value were 7.53 and 5.35 respectively,P＜0.01 or＜0.05)in comparison with week 0(0.230±0.022 and 0.069±0.015).Conclusion CD4+and CD8+T subsets may play an important role in immune response induced in mice by rBCG-Eg95 vaccine.

Objective To observe the curative effect of captopril and metoprolol in the treatment of chronic Keshan disease (CKD). Methods One hundred and ninty-five patients with CKD chosen from Juxian, Wulian, Yishui, Pingyi, Sishui and Zoucheng in Shandong Province were randomly assigned to control group, captopril group and metoprolol group according to NYHA cardiac functional grading. All cases were given diuretics, digitalis and vasodilating agents as routine treatment. On this basis, captopril and metoprolol was administered in captopril group and metoprolol group respectively. After 12 months of follow-up visit, the causes of cardiac death, hospitalization status and the changes of heart size, electrocardiogram, blood pressure and heart rate were all observed. Results It was found that the mortality of captopril group and metoprolo] group was 4.76% (3/63), 5.00% (3/60) respectively, both lower than the control group 10.61%(7/66). But this difference had no statistically significance(P=0.39). Besides, the hospitalization days of each year in captopril group and metoprolol group was respectively (19.12± 20.35) and(18.86±21.52)days, much more reduced than in the control group[(21.45±21.74)days, q=3.17, 3.38, P<0.05]. The detection rate of cardiothoracic ratio decreased in captopril group and metoprolol group [45% (27/60) and 40.4% (23/57)] After treatment showed more pronounced amelioration than the control group [18.6% (11/59), χ2=9.51,6.59, all P<0.0125], still the detection rate of cardiomegaly and invariability had no significant difference among three groups (χ2=2.50,4.75, all P>0.05). The elimination coefficient of ectopic rhythm in metoprolol group [56.5% (13/23)] was pronounced higher than the control group and captopril group [23.8% (5/21), 22.7% (5/22)], but differences had no statistically significance(P=0.0358,0.0331, all P>0.0125). Significant differences were found in systolic blood pressure(SBP), diastolic blood pressure(DBP) and heart rate(HR) in three groups prior and post-treatment(F=47.51,44.23,80.66, all P<0.01). The interaction of therapy and treatment time had influence on SBP and HR (F=3.19,37.44, all P<0.05), but had no influence on DBP(F=2.21, P> 0.05). There was no difference in SBP, DBP or HR among three groups before treatment(F=0.28,0.57,1.80, all P>0.05). After treatment, SBP and DBP in captopril group, metoprolol group and the control group[(109.0±10.9), (112.2±12.8), (114.7±13.2)mm Hg, (69.3±7.2), (72.1±9.5), (73.3±9.3)mm Hg] were all lowered compared with pre-treatment[ (117.1±13.4), (119.0±14.4), (117.6±14.1)mm Hg and (74.2±10.2), (76.3±10.8), (75.4±11.1)mm Hg, t=4.79,4.47,2.08,5.12, 4.32,2.15, all P<0.05]. HR was reduced in metoprolol group, being [(66.2±7.7), (75.9±11.5)times/min] before and after treatment(t=10.81, P<0.01), while it remained unchanged in captopril group and control group[(70.6±8.0), (72.6±10.5) times/min and (71.9±10.4), (73.8± 12.2)times/min, t=1.77,1.74, all P>0.05]. After treatment, both SBP and DBP of captopril group were significantly lower than that in the control group (q=3.52,3.56, all P<0.05); HR was reduced in metoprolol group, lower than that in captopril group and control group(q=5.44,3.73, all P<0.01). Conclusions Having a tendency of depressing mortality, captopril and metoprolol can reverse or delay myocardial remodeling and reduce admission rate in a safe,reliable and economic way, and are worth to be widely used in the treatment of chronic Keshan disease.

ObjectiveTo evaluate preoperative biopsy in the treatment of gastric mucosal lesions by endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD).MethodsClinical data of 195 patients diagnosed as having gastric intraepithelial neoplasia (GIEN) or early cancer by preoperative biopsy were retrospectively analyzed.The discrepancy between endoscopic biopsies and pathological diagnosis after ESD were studied.ResultsThe overall consistency rate between preoperative biopsies and postoperative pathological diagnosis was 93.8％ (183/195) and complete consistency rate was 50.8％ (99/195).For low-grade and highgrade gastric intraepithelial neoplasia ( LGIEN),the complete consistency rates were 49.4％ (42/85)and 38.0％ (30/79),respectively,which were not different ( P ＞ 0.05 ).For early cancer it was 87.1％(27/31 ),which was significantly higher than those in the LGIEN group and HGIEN group ( P ＜ 0.05 ).Post-ESD diagnosis was more severe than biopsy in 66 patients (33.8％,66/195 ),including 36 LGIEN (42.4％,36/85) and 30 HGIEN (38.0％,30/79).Final pathological diagnosis was milder than biopsy in 18 patients (9.2％,18/195),i.e.14 HGIEN (17.7％,14/79) and 4 early cancer (12.9％,4/31).Gastritis was diagnosed in 12 patients (6.2％,12/195),i.e.7 LGIEN (8.2％,7/85) and 5 HGIEN (6.3％,5/79).ConclusionPreoperative biopsy is insufficient for accurate diagnosis of gastric mucosal lesions,but facilitates resection of gastric mucosal lesions by ESD.

Objective To investigate the value of detection of fetal cell-free fetal DNA(cff-DNA)in maternal plasma in the prenatal diagnosis of chromosomal abnormalities.Methods The plasma from 3200 gravidas(singleton with 20.3 ± 3.8 gestational weeks)was collected from April 1st 2011 to May 30th 2012.They were divided into 3 groups:(1)To tally 1720 cases were included in the high-risk serological screening group,in which women were younger than 35 years and got high-risk results in serological screening;(2)To tally 1310 cases were included in the advanced age group,in which women's age was more than 35 years;(3)To tally 170 cases were included in the supplementary group,in which women were younger than 35 years and got low-risk results in serological screening,or women who didn't take serological screening tests.All the 3030 gravidas in group 1 and 2 didn't take invasive prenatal diagnosis because of fear of abortion or short of prenatal diagnosis.Cff-DNA were detected by next generation sequencing in Shenzhen BGI Genomics Center for clinical laboratory.Amniocentesis and karyotype analysis were provided to the positive cases and women with negative results were followed-up by telephone.Results(1)The 3200 cases took cff-DNA detection,and 31 cases got positive results,including 27 cases of trisomy 21 and 4 cases of trisomy 18.Sixteen cases of trisomy 21 and 1 case of trisomy 18 were in the high-risk serological screening group.7 cases of trisomy 21 and 2 cases of trisomy 18 were in the advanced age group.Four cases of trisomy 21 and 1 case of trisomy 18 were in the supplementary group.(2)And the 84％(26/31)cff-DNA detecting positive cases received amniocentesis.In the 27 trisomy 21 positive cases,23 received amnioeentesis and got karyotype of 47XN,+ 21,with the diagnostic accordance rate of 100％.In the 4 cases who didn't take karyotype analysis,fetal anomaly(ventricular septal defect,dextrocardia and choroid plexus cyst)was found in 1 case before 20 gestational weeks;intrauterine fetal demise happened in 1 case before getting the result;2 other cases who already had healthy children took abortion in the local hospital without taking amniocentesis.In the 4 trisomy 18 positive cases,3 took amniocentesis,2 of which were trisomy 18 and took abortion,the other was chimera(46,XN/47,XN,+ 18)with only 2％ cells of trisomy 18,with no malformation found after delivery.Hypoevolutism(3 weeks less than gestational week),general hydropsy and intrauterine fetal demise happened before the other case took amniocentesis.(3)Follow up of cff-DNA negative cases:until May 30th 2012,no Down's baby was found in the 1230 cases with cff-DNA test negative results.Conclusions(1)The non-invasive fetal trisomy test(NIFTY)by next generation sequencing is a safe,accurate and high throughput method for the prenatal diagnosis of trisomy-21.(2)Use NIFTY as a further screening for pregnant women with high-risk serological screening results could lower invasive prenatal diagnosis rate.(3)Cases with positive NIFTY test results should receive amniocentesis and karyotype analysis to confirm the diagnosis before abortion.