Hepatitis C ; immunology ; Humans ; Killer Cells, Natural ; immunology

Objective To explore the establishment method of virtual three-dimensional model of the virtual artery and interven-tional devices,and its application value.Methods The virtual models including virtual artery system,catheter,guide wire,stent and coil were established by using the three-dimensional moulding software of 3D Studio MAX R3.The study about interventional preoperative simulation and assistant instruction were run in personal computer.Results ①All the virtual instruments and real in-struments were highly similar shape,the arterial system in the visual display was similar to realistic system.②All arteries branches had own name,could be arbitrarily adjusted curvature,diameter and established the lesion morphology.③The reference value of preoperative simulation results to guide the actual surgery included following aspects:to guide the reasonable shaping of micro-cathe-ter and micro-guide wire tip,to plan the coil and stent deployment location,number and size.④In training and teaching,the preop-erative simulation could assist doctors in learning and remembering the artery branch and establishing the concept of three-dimen-sional space,and enhanceing the intention understanding of surgery.Conclusion The establishment method of virtual model of the virtual artery and interventional devices is reliable.The preoperative simulation results can be used to guide practical operation with relatively high accuracy,and it has an important supporting role for the teaching and training of medical students.

Objective To explore the methods and curative effect of metallic self-expanding stent in inoperable malignant gas-troduodenal obstruction. Methods The data of 15 cases with gastroduodenal obstruction including 9 cases of carcinoma of head of pancreas and 6 cases of carcinoma of stomach were analyzed retrospectively. The operative procedures of the stent implanted and the tors accepted more radiation dose because the manipulation was under the fluoroscopy in a short distance and with a full field of view. sions, the postoperative eating habit and the development turnover of disease. The main death reasons were tumor transfer and sys-tem exhaustion. Conclusion To pay close attention to the details and main points of operative procedure is the key point to implant stent successfully for malignant gastroduodenal obstruction. The determinative factor to influence the curative effect is the develop-ment turnover of tumor.

Objective To explore virtual three-dimensional (3D)model for intravascular interventional devices,the method of preoperative simulation and its value in clinical work.MethodsThe virtual models including catheter,guide wire,stent and coil were established by using the 3D moulding software of 3D Studio MAX R3. The interventional preoperative simulation was performed on personal computer including 21 patients of cerebral aneurysm embolization ( anterior communicating artery 5,posterior communicating artery 10,middle cerebral artery 3,internal carotid artery 2,and vertebral artery 1 ),during interventional procedures,the surgeon relied on the simulation results for plastic micro-guide wire,catheter and the release of micro-coils and stents.Results( 1 ) All the virtual instruments and real instruments had similar shape,the overall tine for constructing virtual model was about 20 hours.The preoperative simulation took 50 to 80 minutes. (2) The simulation result of catheter insertion in the 18 cases had relevant value to guide micro-catheter,molding micro-guide wire tip,and shortened the operating time.For embolization,the simulation results of filling coil and releasing stent were similar to surgical results in 76％ of the patients (16/21).(3)For teaching and training,93％ (38/41) of doctors in training believed that preoperative simulation facilitated the understanding of surgery. ConclusionsThe method of virtual model of intravascular interventional devices was reliable.The preoperative simulation results could be used to guide practical clinical operation with relatively high degree of similarity,and could play a role in promoting researches on interventional virtual operations.

Asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGPR) is highly expressed on the surface of parenchymal liver cells. It can specifically recognize and bind to desialylated glycoproteins which contain terminal galactose or N-acetylgalactosamine residues, and endocytosed by clathrin-mediated endocytosis, transported and then degraded in lysosome. Based on this character, ASGPR mediated liver-targeted drug delivery is likely to increase drug distribution, reduce potential side effects and lower dose. This article reviewed the expression, structure, ligand binding and endocytosis of ASGPR, and summarized the design and optimization of ASGPR ligands and the release strategies. Finally, we put forward some expects about the clinical drug development for ASGPR.

OBJECTIVETo study the expression of the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) and the inhibitory effect of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) on testosterone production in rat Leydig cells.

METHODSRat Leydig cells were primarily cultured and the expression of RAGE in the Leydig cells was detected by RT-PCR and immunofluorescence staining. The Leydig cells were treated with AGEs at the concentrations of 25, 50, 100 and 200 microg/ml, respectively, and the testosterone content was determined by ELISA.

RESULTSRT-PCR and immunofluorescence staining exhibited the expression of RAGE in the rat Leydig cells. AGEs remarkably suppressed hCG-induced testosterone production in the Leydig cells in a concentration-dependent manner in the 50, 100 and 200 microg/ml groups as compared with the control (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONRAGE exists in rat Leydig cells and AGEs can significantly inhibit the secretion of testosterone in primarily cultured rat Leydig cells.

Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Glycation End Products, Advanced ; pharmacology ; Leydig Cells ; metabolism ; radiation effects ; Male ; Rats ; Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products ; Receptors, Immunologic ; biosynthesis ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Testosterone ; biosynthesis

Objective To explore the expression of silencer of death domains(SODD) and its clinical significance and relationship with phospho-NF-?B-p65 proteins in bone marrow cells of acute lymphoblastic leukemia(ALL)in children,and the expression of SODD and phospho-NF-?B-p65 in Jurkat cells treated with chemotherapeutic drugs in order to find a new chemotherapeutic target.Methods The expressions of SODD and phospho-NF-?B-p65 proteins in bone marrow cells were detected by immunohistochemistry in 25 children with ALL.The apoptosis incidence was measured by Annexin-V-Fluorescence/PI double-labeling flow cytometry and the expression of SODD and phospho-NF-?B-p65 proteins were determined by Western blotting in Jurkat cells.Results It was found that the expression of SODD and active p65 expression in ALL were significantly higher than those in healthy control group.The expression of SODD and phospho-NF-?B-p65 proteins in the high-risk(HR) group was significantly higher than those in standard-risk(SR) group(Pa

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the therapeutic effect of Chuzhen therapy on insomnia through clinical randomized controlled trials.

METHODSSixty cases of insomnia were randomly divided into a Chuzhen group (n=30) and an acupuncture group (n=30). Acupoints of Bazhen (Baihui Bazhen, Fengfu Bazhen, Shendao Bazhen) and Hechelu [from Dazhui (GV 14) to Mingmen (GV 4)] in the Chuzhen group, and Baihui (GV 20), Sishencong (EX-HN 1), etc. in the acupuncture group were selected, respectively. Four weeks treatments were carried out in the two groups, once daily for 5 times on week days. Three months after treatment, they were followed up and the therapeutic effects were assessed by the effective rate of sleep improvement and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI).

RESULTSAfter treatment, the sleep quality in the two groups was improved, but there were no differences in the effective rate of sleep improvement and PSQI between the two groups (all P > 0.05). Three months after treatment, the total effective rate of 85.2% in the Chuzhen group was better than 78.6% in the acupuncture group (P < 0.05). The total cumulative score of PSQI, sleep effectiveness and the factors of sleep obstacle in the Chuzhen group were significantly different from those in the acupuncture group (all P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONChuzhen therapy can increase long-term sleep quality and living quality through improving the effective rate of sleep and reducing the score of PSQI in the patients of insomnia.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Young Adult

Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis ; classification ; pathology ; Pathology, Clinical ; Terminology as Topic

Objective To understand the current situation of TCM human resources; To forecast the number of TCM human resources in 2020; To provide data for national scientific management policy. Methods Through Statistical Yearbook of China's Health and Family Planning and Yearbook of Chinese Traditional Medicine, the national human resources data of TCM were collected and compiled from 2010 to 2015, and descriptive analysis and gray model method were used for data analysis. Results The TCM human resources continued to grow, but the growth rate of Chinese pharmacists was slow; the lack of TCM human resources in TCM health institutions; the uneven distribution of human resources in inter-provincial TCM; the number of TCM human resources in 2020 could meet the requirements of TCM 13th Five-year Plan. Conclusion The development of Chinese pharmacists should be paid attention to; the proportion of TCM pharmacists should be balanced; the proportion of TCM human resources in TCM institutions should be improved; scientific planning and the coordinated development of TCM human resources in various regions should be promoted.